tools/devshell/emu

#!/bin/bash
# Copyright 2019 The Fuchsia Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.

#### CATEGORY=Run, inspect and debug
### start fuchsia in an emulator

## usage: fx emu [-a <mode>] [-c <text>] [-N [-I <ifname>]] [-u <path>] [-g <port> [-r <fps>] [-t <cmd>]] [-x <port> [-X <directory>]] [-e <directory>] [-w <size>] [-s <cpus>] [-k <authorized_keys_file>] [-K <kernel_image>] [-z <zbi_image>] [-f <fvm_image>] [--audio] [--headless] [--software-gpu] [--debugger]
##   -a <mode> acceleration mode (auto, off, kvm, hvf, hax), default is auto
##   -c <text> add item to kernel command line
##   -ds <size> extends the fvm image size to <size> bytes. Default is twice the original size
##   -N run with emulated nic via tun/tap
##   -I <ifname> uses the tun/tap interface named ifname
##   -u <path> execute emu if-up script, default is no script
##   -e <directory> location of emulator, defaults to looking in prebuilt/third_party/aemu/PLATFORM
##   -g <port> enable gRPC service on port to control the emulator, default is 5556 when WebRTC service is enabled
##   -r <fps> webrtc frame rate when using gRPC service, default is 30
##   -t <cmd> execute the given command to obtain turn configuration
##   -x <port> enable WebRTC HTTP service on port
##   -X <directory> location of grpcwebproxy, defaults to looking in prebuilt/third_party/grpcwebproxy
##   -w <size> window size, default is 1280x800
##   -s <cpus> number of cpus, 1 for uniprocessor, default is 4
##   -k <authorized_keys_file> SSH authorized keys file, otherwise defaults to //.ssh/authorized_keys
##   -K <kernel_image> path to image to use as kernel, defaults to kernel generated by the current build.
##   -z <zbi_image> path to image to use as ZBI, defaults to zircon-a generated by the current build.
##   -f <fvm_image> path to full FVM image, defaults to image generated by the current build.
##   --audio run with audio hardware added to the virtual machine
##   --headless run in headless mode
##   --host-gpu run with host GPU acceleration
##   --software-gpu run without host GPU acceleration
##   --debugger pause on launch and wait for a debugger process to attach before resuming

set -e

source "$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" >/dev/null 2>&1 && pwd)"/lib/image_build_vars.sh || exit $?
source "$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" >/dev/null 2>&1 && pwd)"/lib/fvm.sh || exit $?

ACCEL="auto"
NET=0
DEBUGGER=0
IFNAME=""
AUDIO=0
HEADLESS=0
AEMU="emulator"
AEMU_DIR=""
UPSCRIPT=no
WINDOW_SIZE="1280x800"
GRPC=
RTCFPS="30"
TURNCFG=""
GPU="auto"
VULKAN=1
HTTP=0
GRPCWEBPROXY_DIR=""
CMDLINE=""
SMP=4
AUTHORIZED_KEYS="${FUCHSIA_DIR}/.ssh/authorized_keys"
IMAGE_SIZE=
EXPERIMENT_ARM64=false
KERNEL_IMAGE="${FUCHSIA_BUILD_DIR}/${IMAGE_QEMU_KERNEL_RAW}"
ZBI_IMAGE="${FUCHSIA_BUILD_DIR}/${IMAGE_ZIRCONA_ZBI}"
if [[ -n "${IMAGE_FVM_RAW}" ]]; then
  FVM_IMAGE="${FUCHSIA_BUILD_DIR}/${IMAGE_FVM_RAW}"
else
  FVM_IMAGE=""
fi


case $(uname -m) in
x86_64)
  HOST_ARCH=x64
  ;;
aarch64)
  HOST_ARCH=arm64
  ;;
*)
  fx-error "Unsupported host architecture: $(uname -m)"
  exit 1
esac

if [[ "$FUCHSIA_ARCH" != "$HOST_ARCH" ]]; then
  ACCEL=off
fi

# Propagate our TERM environment variable as a kernel command line
# argument.  This is first so that an explicit -c TERM=foo argument
# goes into CMDLINE later and overrides this.
if [[ -n $TERM ]]; then
    CMDLINE+="TERM=$TERM "
fi

while [[ $# -ge 1 ]]; do
  case "$1" in
  -h|--help)
    fx-command-help
    exit 0
    ;;
  -a)
    shift
    ACCEL="$1"
    ;;
  -c)
    shift
    CMDLINE+="$1 "
    ;;
  -ds)
    shift
    IMAGE_SIZE="$1"
    ;;
  -N)
    NET=1
    ;;
  -I)
    shift
    IFNAME="$1"
    ;;
  -u)
    shift
    UPSCRIPT="$1"
    ;;
  -e)
    shift
    AEMU_DIR="$1"
    ;;
  -x)
    shift
    HTTP="$1"
    ;;
  -X)
    shift
    GRPCWEBPROXY_DIR="$1"
    ;;
  -g)
    shift
    GRPC="$1"
    ;;
  -r)
    shift
    RTCFPS="$1"
    ;;
  -t)
    shift
    TURNCFG="$1"
    ;;
  -w)
    shift
    WINDOW_SIZE="$1"
    ;;
  -s)
    shift
    SMP="$1"
    ;;
  -k)
    shift
    AUTHORIZED_KEYS="$1"
    ;;
  -K)
    shift
    KERNEL_IMAGE="$1"
    ;;
  -z)
    shift
    ZBI_IMAGE="$1"
    ;;
  -f)
    shift
    FVM_IMAGE="$1"
    ;;
  --audio)
    AUDIO=1
    ;;
  --headless)
    HEADLESS=1
    ;;
  --debugger)
    DEBUGGER=1
    ;;
  --host-gpu)
    GPU="host"
    ;;
  --software-gpu)
    GPU="swiftshader_indirect"
    ;;
  --experiment-arm64)
    EXPERIMENT_ARM64=true
    ;;
  *)
    break
  esac
  shift
done

if [[ "$FUCHSIA_ARCH" == "arm64" ]]; then
  if ! "$EXPERIMENT_ARM64"; then
    fx-error "arm64 support is still experimental, requires --experiment-arm64"
    exit 1
  fi
fi

if [[ -z "$AEMU_DIR" && -d "$PREBUILT_AEMU_DIR" ]]; then
  AEMU_DIR="$PREBUILT_AEMU_DIR"
fi

if [[ -z "$GRPCWEBPROXY_DIR" && -d "$PREBUILT_GRPCWEBPROXY_DIR" ]]; then
  GRPCWEBPROXY_DIR="$PREBUILT_GRPCWEBPROXY_DIR"
fi

# construct the args for aemu
ARGS=()
ARGS+=("-m" "2048")
ARGS+=("-serial" "stdio")
ARGS+=("-vga" "none")
ARGS+=("-device" "virtio-keyboard-pci")
ARGS+=("-device" "virtio_input_multi_touch_pci_1")

if [[ $SMP != 1 ]]; then
  ARGS+=("-smp" "${SMP},threads=2")
fi

# TODO(raggi): do we want to use hda on arm64?
if (( AUDIO )); then
  ARGS+=("-soundhw" "hda")
fi

FEATURES="VirtioInput,RefCountPipe"

if [[ "$ACCEL" == "auto" ]]; then
  if [[ "$(uname -s)" == "Darwin" ]]; then
    ACCEL="hvf"
  else
    ACCEL="kvm"
  fi
fi

if [[ "$GPU" == "auto" ]]; then
  if [[ "$(uname -s)" == "Darwin" ]]; then
    GPU="swiftshader_indirect"
  else
    GPU="host"
  fi
fi

case "$FUCHSIA_ARCH" in
x64)
  ARGS+=("-machine" "q35")
  ARGS+=("-device" "isa-debug-exit,iobase=0xf4,iosize=0x04")
;;
arm64)
  ARGS+=("-machine" "virt")
;;
esac

if [[ "$ACCEL" == "kvm" ]]; then
  ARGS+=("-enable-kvm" "-cpu" "host,migratable=no,+invtsc")
  FEATURES+=",KVM,GLDirectMem"
elif [[ "$ACCEL" == "hvf" ]]; then
  ARGS+=("-enable-hvf" "-cpu" "Haswell")
  FEATURES+=",HVF,GLDirectMem"
elif [[ "$ACCEL" == "hax" ]]; then
  ARGS+=("-enable-hax" "-cpu" "Haswell")
  FEATURES+=",HAXM,GLDirectMem"
elif [[ "$ACCEL" == "off" ]]; then
  case "$FUCHSIA_ARCH" in
  x64)
    ARGS+=("-cpu" "Haswell,+smap,-check,-fsgsbase")
    ;;
  arm64)
    ARGS+=("-cpu" "cortex-a53")
    ;;
  esac
  # disable vulkan as not useful without kvm,hvf,hax and support
  # for coherent host visible memory.
  VULKAN=0
  FEATURES+=",-GLDirectMem"
else
  fx-error Unsupported acceleration mode
  exit 1
fi

if (( VULKAN )); then
  FEATURES+=",Vulkan"
else
  FEATURES+=",-Vulkan"
fi

OPTIONS=()
OPTIONS+=("-feature" "$FEATURES")
OPTIONS+=("-window-size" "$WINDOW_SIZE")
OPTIONS+=("-gpu" "$GPU")
if (( DEBUGGER )); then
    OPTIONS+=("-wait-for-debugger")
fi

if (( HEADLESS )); then
    OPTIONS+=("-no-window")
fi

# use port 5556 by default
if (( HTTP )); then
  GRPC="${GRPC:-5556}"
fi

if (( GRPC )); then
  OPTIONS+=("-grpc" "$GRPC")
  OPTIONS+=("-rtcfps" "$RTCFPS")
  if [[ -n "$TURNCFG" ]]; then
    OPTIONS+=("-turncfg" "$TURNCFG")
  fi
fi

if (( NET )); then
  if [[ "$(uname -s)" == "Darwin" ]]; then
    if [[ -z "$IFNAME" ]]; then
      IFNAME="tap0"
    fi
    if [[ ! -c "/dev/$IFNAME" ]]; then
      echo "To use emu with networking on macOS, install the tun/tap driver:"
      echo "http://tuntaposx.sourceforge.net/download.xhtml"
      exit 1
    fi
    if [[ ! -w "/dev/$IFNAME" ]]; then
      echo "For networking /dev/$IFNAME must be owned by $USER. Please run:"
      echo "  sudo chown $USER /dev/$IFNAME"
      exit 1
    fi
  else
    if [[ -z "$IFNAME" ]]; then
      IFNAME="qemu"
    fi
    TAP_IFS=$(ip tuntap show 2>/dev/null)
    if [[ ! "$TAP_IFS" =~ ${IFNAME}: ]]; then
      echo "To use emu with networking on Linux, configure tun/tap:"
      echo
      echo "sudo ip tuntap add dev $IFNAME mode tap user $USER && \\"
      echo "sudo ip link set $IFNAME up"
      exit 1
    fi
    # Try to detect if a firewall is active. There are only few ways to do that
    # without being root. Unfortunately, using systemd or systemctl does not work
    # (at least on Debian), so use the following hack instead:
    if (command -v ufw && grep -q "^ENABLED=yes" /etc/ufw/ufw.conf) >/dev/null 2>&1; then
      fx-warn "Active firewall detected: If this emulator is unreachable, run: fx setup-ufw"
    fi
  fi
  ARGS+=("-netdev" "type=tap,ifname=$IFNAME,script=$UPSCRIPT,downscript=no,id=net0")
  HASH=$(echo $IFNAME | shasum)
  SUFFIX=$(for i in {0..2}; do echo -n ":${HASH:$(( 2 * i )):2}"; done)
  MAC=",mac=52:54:00$SUFFIX"
  ARGS+=("-device" "e1000,netdev=net0${MAC}")
else
  ARGS+=("-net" "none")
fi

# Construction of a qcow image prevents aemu from writing back to the
# build-produced image file, which could cause timestamp issues with that file.
# Construction of the new ZBI adds //.ssh/authorized_keys for SSH access.
img_dir="$(mktemp -d)"
if [[ ! -d "${img_dir}" ]]; then
  fx-error "Failed to create temporary directory"
  exit 1
fi
trap 'rm -Rf "${img_dir}" ; [[ "${GRPCWEBPROXY_PID}" ]] && kill "${GRPCWEBPROXY_PID}"; stty sane' EXIT

KERNEL_ZBI="${img_dir}/fuchsia-ssh.zbi"
fx-zbi -o "${KERNEL_ZBI}" "${ZBI_IMAGE}" \
  --entry "data/ssh/authorized_keys=${AUTHORIZED_KEYS}"

if [[ -n "$FVM_IMAGE" ]]; then
  fvmimg="${img_dir}/fvm.blk"
  fx-fvm-extend-image "${FVM_IMAGE}" "${fvmimg}" "${IMAGE_SIZE}"
  ARGS+=("-drive" "file=${fvmimg},format=raw,if=none,id=vdisk")
  ARGS+=("-device" "virtio-blk-pci,drive=vdisk")
fi

# Start gRPC web proxy if HTTP port is set
if (( HTTP )); then
  "${GRPCWEBPROXY_DIR}/grpcwebproxy" \
      --backend_addr localhost:"$GRPC" --server_http_debug_port "$HTTP" \
      --backend_tls=false --run_tls_server=false --allow_all_origins &
  GRPCWEBPROXY_PID=$!
fi

# construct the kernel cmd line for aemu
CMDLINE+="kernel.serial=legacy "

# Add entropy to the kernel
CMDLINE+="kernel.entropy-mixin=$(head -c 32 /dev/urandom | shasum -a 256 | awk '{ print $1 }') "

# Don't 'reboot' the emulator if the kernel crashes
CMDLINE+="kernel.halt-on-panic=true "

# run aemu
set -x
"${AEMU_DIR}/${AEMU}" "${OPTIONS[@]}" -fuchsia \
     -kernel "${KERNEL_IMAGE}" \
     -initrd "$KERNEL_ZBI" "${ARGS[@]}" -append "$CMDLINE" "$@"