The Magenta Git repository is located at: https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/magenta
To clone the repository, assuming you setup the $SRC variable in your environment:
$ git clone https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/magenta $SRC/magenta
For the purpose of this document, we will assume that Magenta is checked out in $SRC/magenta and that we will build toolchains, QEMU, etc alongside that. Various make invocations are presented with a “-j32” option for parallel make. If that‘s excessive for the machine you’re building on, try -j16 or -j8.
On Ubuntu this should obtain the necessary pre-reqs:
sudo apt-get install texinfo libglib2.0-dev autoconf libtool libsdl-dev build-essential
Install the Xcode Command Line Tools:
xcode-select --install
Install the other pre-reqs:
brew install wget pkg-config glib autoconf automake libtool
port install autoconf automake libtool libpixman pkgconfig glib2
If you're developing on Linux or macOS, there are prebuilt toolchain binaries avaiable. Just run this script from your Magenta working directory:
./scripts/download-toolchain
If you would like to build the toolchains yourself, follow the instructions later in the document.
Build results will be in $SRC/magenta/build-{qemu-arm64,pc-x86-64}
The variable $BUILDDIR in examples below refers to the build output directory for the particular build in question.
cd $SRC/magenta # for aarch64 make -j32 magenta-qemu-arm64 # for x86-64 make -j32 magenta-pc-x86-64
To build Magenta using Clang as the target toolchain, set the USE_CLANG=true variable when invoking Make.
cd $SRC/magenta # for aarch64 make -j32 USE_CLANG=true magenta-qemu-arm64 # for x86-64 make -j32 USE_CLANG=true magenta-pc-x86-64
# The -r enables release builds as well ./scripts/buildall -r
Please build for all targets before submitting to ensure builds work on all architectures.
You can skip this if you're only testing on actual hardware, but the emulator is handy for quick local tests and generally worth having around.
See QEMU for information on building and using QEMU with magenta.
If the prebuilt toolchain binaries do not work for you, there are a set of scripts which will download and build suitable gcc toolchains for building Magenta for the ARM64 and x86-64 architectures:
cd $SRC git clone https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/third_party/gcc_none_toolchains toolchains cd toolchains. ./do-build --target arm-none ./do-build --target aarch64-none ./do-build --target x86_64-none
If you're using the prebuilt toolchains, you can skip this step, since the build will find them automatically.
# on Linux export PATH=$PATH:$SRC/toolchains/aarch64-elf-5.3.0-Linux-x86_64/bin export PATH=$PATH:$SRC/toolchains/x86_64-elf-5.3.0-Linux-x86_64/bin # on Mac export PATH=$PATH:$SRC/toolchains/aarch64-elf-5.3.0-Darwin-x86_64/bin export PATH=$PATH:$SRC/toolchains/x86_64-elf-5.3.0-Darwin-x86_64/bin
With local link IPv6 configured, the host tool ./build-magenta-ARCH/tools/netcp can be used to copy files.
# Copy the file myprogram to Magenta netcp myprogram :/tmp/myprogram # Copy the file myprogram back to the host netcp :/tmp/myprogram myprogram
The Magenta build creates a bootfs image containing necessary userspace components for the system to boot (the device manager, some device drivers, etc). The kernel is capable of including a second bootfs image which is provided by QEMU or the bootloader as a ramdisk image.
To create such a bootfs image, use the mkbootfs tool that's generated as part of the build. It can assemble a bootfs image for either source directories (in which case every file in the specified directory and its subdirectories are included) or via a manifest file which specifies on a file-by-file basis which files to include.
$BUILDDIR/tools/mkbootfs -o extra.bootfs @/path/to/directory echo "issue.txt=/etc/issue" > manifest echo "etc/hosts=/etc/hosts" >> manifest $BUILDDIR/tools/mkbootfs -o extra.bootfs manifest
On the booted Magenta system, the files in the bootfs will appear under /boot, so in the above manifest example, the “hosts” file would appear at /boot/etc/hosts.
For QEMU, use the -x option to the run-magenta-* scripts to specify an extra bootfs image.
Network booting is supported via two mechanisms: Gigaboot and Magentaboot. Gigaboot is an EFI based bootloader whereas magentaboot is a mechanism that allows a minimal magenta system to serve as a bootloader for magenta.
On systems that boot via EFI (such as Acer and NUC), either option is viable. On other systems, magentaboot may be the only option for network booting.
The GigaBoot20x6 bootloader speaks a simple network boot protocol (over IPV6 UDP) which does not require any special host configuration or privileged access to use.
It does this by taking advantage of IPV6 Link Local Addressing and Multicast, allowing the device being booted to advertise its bootability and the host to find it and send a system image to it.
If you have a device (for example a Broadwell or Skylake Intel NUC) running GigaBoot20x6 first create a USB drive manually or (Linux only) using the script.
$BUILDDIR/tools/bootserver $BUILDDIR/magenta.bin # if you have an extra bootfs image (see above): $BUILDDIR/tools/bootserver $BUILDDIR/magenta.bin /path/to/extra.bootfs
By default bootserver will continue to run and every time it obsveres a netboot beacon it will send the kernel (and bootfs if provided) to that device. If you pass the -1 option, bootserver will exit after a successful boot instead.
Magentaboot is a mechanism that allows a magenta system to serve as the bootloader for magenta itself. Magentaboot speaks the same boot protocol as Gigaboot described above.
To use magentaboot, pass the netsvc.netboot=true argument to magenta via the kernel command line. When magentaboot starts, it will attempt to fetch and boot into a magenta system from a bootserver running on the attached host.
The default build of Magenta includes a network log service that multicasts the system log over the link local IPv6 UDP. Please note that this is a quick hack and the protocol will certainly change at some point.
For now, if you're running Magenta on QEMU with the -N flag or running on hardware with a supported ethernet interface (ASIX USB Dongle or Intel Ethernet on NUC), the loglistener tool will observe logs broadcast over the local link:
$BUILDDIR/tools/loglistener
For random tips on debugging in the magenta environment see debugging.