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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Vulkan Conformance Tests
* ------------------------
*
* Copyright (c) 2015 Google Inc.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*
*//*!
* \file
* \brief Simple memory allocation tests.
*//*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "vktMemoryAllocationTests.hpp"
#include "vktTestCaseUtil.hpp"
#include "tcuMaybe.hpp"
#include "tcuResultCollector.hpp"
#include "tcuTestLog.hpp"
#include "tcuPlatform.hpp"
#include "vkPlatform.hpp"
#include "vkStrUtil.hpp"
#include "vkRef.hpp"
#include "vkDeviceUtil.hpp"
#include "vkQueryUtil.hpp"
#include "vkRefUtil.hpp"
#include "vkAllocationCallbackUtil.hpp"
#include "deUniquePtr.hpp"
#include "deStringUtil.hpp"
#include "deRandom.hpp"
using tcu::Maybe;
using tcu::TestLog;
using std::string;
using std::vector;
using namespace vk;
namespace vkt
{
namespace memory
{
namespace
{
enum
{
// The min max for allocation count is 4096. Use 4000 to take into account
// possible memory allocations made by layers etc.
MAX_ALLOCATION_COUNT = 4000
};
struct TestConfig
{
enum Order
{
ALLOC_FREE,
ALLOC_REVERSE_FREE,
MIXED_ALLOC_FREE,
ORDER_LAST
};
Maybe<VkDeviceSize> memorySize;
Maybe<float> memoryPercentage;
deUint32 memoryAllocationCount;
Order order;
TestConfig (void)
: memoryAllocationCount ((deUint32)-1)
, order (ORDER_LAST)
{
}
};
class AllocateFreeTestInstance : public TestInstance
{
public:
AllocateFreeTestInstance (Context& context, const TestConfig config)
: TestInstance (context)
, m_config (config)
, m_result (m_context.getTestContext().getLog())
, m_memoryTypeIndex (0)
, m_memoryProperties (getPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(context.getInstanceInterface(), context.getPhysicalDevice()))
{
DE_ASSERT(!!m_config.memorySize != !!m_config.memoryPercentage);
}
tcu::TestStatus iterate (void);
private:
const TestConfig m_config;
tcu::ResultCollector m_result;
deUint32 m_memoryTypeIndex;
const VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties m_memoryProperties;
};
tcu::TestStatus AllocateFreeTestInstance::iterate (void)
{
TestLog& log = m_context.getTestContext().getLog();
const VkDevice device = m_context.getDevice();
const DeviceInterface& vkd = m_context.getDeviceInterface();
DE_ASSERT(m_config.memoryAllocationCount <= MAX_ALLOCATION_COUNT);
if (m_memoryTypeIndex == 0)
{
log << TestLog::Message << "Memory allocation count: " << m_config.memoryAllocationCount << TestLog::EndMessage;
log << TestLog::Message << "Single allocation size: " << (m_config.memorySize ? de::toString(*m_config.memorySize) : de::toString(100.0f * (*m_config.memoryPercentage)) + " percent of the heap size.") << TestLog::EndMessage;
if (m_config.order == TestConfig::ALLOC_REVERSE_FREE)
log << TestLog::Message << "Memory is freed in reversed order. " << TestLog::EndMessage;
else if (m_config.order == TestConfig::ALLOC_FREE)
log << TestLog::Message << "Memory is freed in same order as allocated. " << TestLog::EndMessage;
else if (m_config.order == TestConfig::MIXED_ALLOC_FREE)
log << TestLog::Message << "Memory is freed right after allocation. " << TestLog::EndMessage;
else
DE_FATAL("Unknown allocation order");
}
try
{
const VkMemoryType memoryType = m_memoryProperties.memoryTypes[m_memoryTypeIndex];
const VkMemoryHeap memoryHeap = m_memoryProperties.memoryHeaps[memoryType.heapIndex];
const VkDeviceSize allocationSize = (m_config.memorySize ? *m_config.memorySize : (VkDeviceSize)(*m_config.memoryPercentage * (float)memoryHeap.size));
vector<VkDeviceMemory> memoryObjects (m_config.memoryAllocationCount, (VkDeviceMemory)0);
log << TestLog::Message << "Memory type index: " << m_memoryTypeIndex << TestLog::EndMessage;
if (memoryType.heapIndex >= m_memoryProperties.memoryHeapCount)
m_result.fail("Invalid heap index defined for memory type.");
{
log << TestLog::Message << "Memory type: " << memoryType << TestLog::EndMessage;
log << TestLog::Message << "Memory heap: " << memoryHeap << TestLog::EndMessage;
if (allocationSize * m_config.memoryAllocationCount * 8 > memoryHeap.size)
TCU_THROW(NotSupportedError, "Memory heap doesn't have enough memory.");
try
{
if (m_config.order == TestConfig::ALLOC_FREE || m_config.order == TestConfig::ALLOC_REVERSE_FREE)
{
for (size_t ndx = 0; ndx < m_config.memoryAllocationCount; ndx++)
{
const VkMemoryAllocateInfo alloc =
{
VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO, // sType
DE_NULL, // pNext
allocationSize, // allocationSize
m_memoryTypeIndex // memoryTypeIndex;
};
VK_CHECK(vkd.allocateMemory(device, &alloc, (const VkAllocationCallbacks*)DE_NULL, &memoryObjects[ndx]));
TCU_CHECK(!!memoryObjects[ndx]);
}
if (m_config.order == TestConfig::ALLOC_FREE)
{
for (size_t ndx = 0; ndx < m_config.memoryAllocationCount; ndx++)
{
const VkDeviceMemory mem = memoryObjects[memoryObjects.size() - 1 - ndx];
vkd.freeMemory(device, mem, (const VkAllocationCallbacks*)DE_NULL);
memoryObjects[memoryObjects.size() - 1 - ndx] = (VkDeviceMemory)0;
}
}
else
{
for (size_t ndx = 0; ndx < m_config.memoryAllocationCount; ndx++)
{
const VkDeviceMemory mem = memoryObjects[ndx];
vkd.freeMemory(device, mem, (const VkAllocationCallbacks*)DE_NULL);
memoryObjects[ndx] = (VkDeviceMemory)0;
}
}
}
else
{
for (size_t ndx = 0; ndx < m_config.memoryAllocationCount; ndx++)
{
const VkMemoryAllocateInfo alloc =
{
VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO, // sType
DE_NULL, // pNext
allocationSize, // allocationSize
m_memoryTypeIndex // memoryTypeIndex;
};
VK_CHECK(vkd.allocateMemory(device, &alloc, (const VkAllocationCallbacks*)DE_NULL, &memoryObjects[ndx]));
TCU_CHECK(!!memoryObjects[ndx]);
vkd.freeMemory(device, memoryObjects[ndx], (const VkAllocationCallbacks*)DE_NULL);
memoryObjects[ndx] = (VkDeviceMemory)0;
}
}
}
catch (...)
{
for (size_t ndx = 0; ndx < m_config.memoryAllocationCount; ndx++)
{
const VkDeviceMemory mem = memoryObjects[ndx];
if (!!mem)
{
vkd.freeMemory(device, mem, (const VkAllocationCallbacks*)DE_NULL);
memoryObjects[ndx] = (VkDeviceMemory)0;
}
}
throw;
}
}
}
catch (const tcu::TestError& error)
{
m_result.fail(error.getMessage());
}
m_memoryTypeIndex++;
if (m_memoryTypeIndex < m_memoryProperties.memoryTypeCount)
return tcu::TestStatus::incomplete();
else
return tcu::TestStatus(m_result.getResult(), m_result.getMessage());
}
size_t computeDeviceMemorySystemMemFootprint (const DeviceInterface& vk, VkDevice device)
{
AllocationCallbackRecorder callbackRecorder (getSystemAllocator());
{
// 1 B allocation from memory type 0
const VkMemoryAllocateInfo allocInfo =
{
VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO,
DE_NULL,
1u,
0u,
};
const Unique<VkDeviceMemory> memory (allocateMemory(vk, device, &allocInfo));
AllocationCallbackValidationResults validateRes;
validateAllocationCallbacks(callbackRecorder, &validateRes);
TCU_CHECK(validateRes.violations.empty());
return getLiveSystemAllocationTotal(validateRes)
+ sizeof(void*)*validateRes.liveAllocations.size(); // allocation overhead
}
}
struct MemoryType
{
deUint32 index;
VkMemoryType type;
};
struct MemoryObject
{
VkDeviceMemory memory;
VkDeviceSize size;
};
struct Heap
{
VkMemoryHeap heap;
VkDeviceSize memoryUsage;
VkDeviceSize maxMemoryUsage;
vector<MemoryType> types;
vector<MemoryObject> objects;
};
class RandomAllocFreeTestInstance : public TestInstance
{
public:
RandomAllocFreeTestInstance (Context& context, deUint32 seed);
~RandomAllocFreeTestInstance (void);
tcu::TestStatus iterate (void);
private:
const size_t m_opCount;
const size_t m_allocSysMemSize;
const PlatformMemoryLimits m_memoryLimits;
deUint32 m_memoryObjectCount;
size_t m_opNdx;
de::Random m_rng;
vector<Heap> m_heaps;
VkDeviceSize m_totalSystemMem;
VkDeviceSize m_totalDeviceMem;
};
RandomAllocFreeTestInstance::RandomAllocFreeTestInstance (Context& context, deUint32 seed)
: TestInstance (context)
, m_opCount (128)
, m_allocSysMemSize (computeDeviceMemorySystemMemFootprint(context.getDeviceInterface(), context.getDevice())
+ sizeof(MemoryObject))
, m_memoryLimits (getMemoryLimits(context.getTestContext().getPlatform().getVulkanPlatform()))
, m_memoryObjectCount (0)
, m_opNdx (0)
, m_rng (seed)
, m_totalSystemMem (0)
, m_totalDeviceMem (0)
{
const VkPhysicalDevice physicalDevice = context.getPhysicalDevice();
const InstanceInterface& vki = context.getInstanceInterface();
const VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memoryProperties = getPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(vki, physicalDevice);
TCU_CHECK(memoryProperties.memoryHeapCount <= 32);
TCU_CHECK(memoryProperties.memoryTypeCount <= 32);
m_heaps.resize(memoryProperties.memoryHeapCount);
for (deUint32 heapNdx = 0; heapNdx < memoryProperties.memoryHeapCount; heapNdx++)
{
m_heaps[heapNdx].heap = memoryProperties.memoryHeaps[heapNdx];
m_heaps[heapNdx].memoryUsage = 0;
m_heaps[heapNdx].maxMemoryUsage = m_heaps[heapNdx].heap.size / 2; /* Use at maximum 50% of heap */
m_heaps[heapNdx].objects.reserve(100);
}
for (deUint32 memoryTypeNdx = 0; memoryTypeNdx < memoryProperties.memoryTypeCount; memoryTypeNdx++)
{
const MemoryType type =
{
memoryTypeNdx,
memoryProperties.memoryTypes[memoryTypeNdx]
};
TCU_CHECK(type.type.heapIndex < memoryProperties.memoryHeapCount);
m_heaps[type.type.heapIndex].types.push_back(type);
}
}
RandomAllocFreeTestInstance::~RandomAllocFreeTestInstance (void)
{
const VkDevice device = m_context.getDevice();
const DeviceInterface& vkd = m_context.getDeviceInterface();
for (deUint32 heapNdx = 0; heapNdx < (deUint32)m_heaps.size(); heapNdx++)
{
const Heap& heap = m_heaps[heapNdx];
for (size_t objectNdx = 0; objectNdx < heap.objects.size(); objectNdx++)
{
if (!!heap.objects[objectNdx].memory)
vkd.freeMemory(device, heap.objects[objectNdx].memory, (const VkAllocationCallbacks*)DE_NULL);
}
}
}
tcu::TestStatus RandomAllocFreeTestInstance::iterate (void)
{
const VkDevice device = m_context.getDevice();
const DeviceInterface& vkd = m_context.getDeviceInterface();
TestLog& log = m_context.getTestContext().getLog();
const bool isUMA = m_memoryLimits.totalDeviceLocalMemory == 0;
const VkDeviceSize usedSysMem = isUMA ? (m_totalDeviceMem+m_totalSystemMem) : m_totalSystemMem;
const bool canAllocateSys = usedSysMem + m_allocSysMemSize + 1024 < m_memoryLimits.totalSystemMemory; // \note Always leave room for 1 KiB sys mem alloc
const bool canAllocateDev = isUMA ? canAllocateSys : (m_totalDeviceMem + 16 < m_memoryLimits.totalDeviceLocalMemory);
vector<size_t> nonFullHeaps;
vector<size_t> nonEmptyHeaps;
bool allocateMore;
if (m_opNdx == 0)
{
log << TestLog::Message << "Performing " << m_opCount << " random VkAllocMemory() / VkFreeMemory() calls before freeing all memory." << TestLog::EndMessage;
log << TestLog::Message << "Using max 1/8 of the memory in each memory heap." << TestLog::EndMessage;
}
// Sort heaps based on whether allocations or frees are possible
for (size_t heapNdx = 0; heapNdx < m_heaps.size(); ++heapNdx)
{
const bool isDeviceLocal = (m_heaps[heapNdx].heap.flags & VK_MEMORY_HEAP_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT) != 0;
const bool isHeapFull = m_heaps[heapNdx].memoryUsage >= m_heaps[heapNdx].maxMemoryUsage;
const bool isHeapEmpty = m_heaps[heapNdx].memoryUsage == 0;
if (!isHeapEmpty)
nonEmptyHeaps.push_back(heapNdx);
if (!isHeapFull && ((isUMA && canAllocateSys) ||
(!isUMA && isDeviceLocal && canAllocateDev) ||
(!isUMA && !isDeviceLocal && canAllocateSys)))
nonFullHeaps.push_back(heapNdx);
}
if (m_opNdx >= m_opCount)
{
if (nonEmptyHeaps.empty())
return tcu::TestStatus::pass("Pass");
else
allocateMore = false;
}
else if (!nonEmptyHeaps.empty() &&
!nonFullHeaps.empty() &&
(m_memoryObjectCount < MAX_ALLOCATION_COUNT) &&
canAllocateSys)
allocateMore = m_rng.getBool(); // Randomize if both operations are doable.
else if (nonEmptyHeaps.empty())
{
DE_ASSERT(canAllocateSys);
allocateMore = true; // Allocate more if there are no objects to free.
}
else if (nonFullHeaps.empty() || !canAllocateSys)
allocateMore = false; // Free objects if there is no free space for new objects.
else
{
allocateMore = false;
DE_FATAL("Fail");
}
if (allocateMore)
{
const size_t nonFullHeapNdx = (size_t)(m_rng.getUint32() % (deUint32)nonFullHeaps.size());
const size_t heapNdx = nonFullHeaps[nonFullHeapNdx];
Heap& heap = m_heaps[heapNdx];
const MemoryType& memoryType = m_rng.choose<MemoryType>(heap.types.begin(), heap.types.end());
const bool isDeviceLocal = (heap.heap.flags & VK_MEMORY_HEAP_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT) != 0;
const VkDeviceSize maxAllocSize = (isDeviceLocal && !isUMA)
? de::min(heap.maxMemoryUsage - heap.memoryUsage, (VkDeviceSize)m_memoryLimits.totalDeviceLocalMemory - m_totalDeviceMem)
: de::min(heap.maxMemoryUsage - heap.memoryUsage, (VkDeviceSize)m_memoryLimits.totalSystemMemory - usedSysMem - m_allocSysMemSize);
const VkDeviceSize allocationSize = 1 + (m_rng.getUint64() % maxAllocSize);
if ((allocationSize > (deUint64)(heap.maxMemoryUsage - heap.memoryUsage)) && (allocationSize != 1))
TCU_THROW(InternalError, "Test Error: trying to allocate memory more than the available heap size.");
const MemoryObject object =
{
(VkDeviceMemory)0,
allocationSize
};
heap.objects.push_back(object);
const VkMemoryAllocateInfo alloc =
{
VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO, // sType
DE_NULL, // pNext
object.size, // allocationSize
memoryType.index // memoryTypeIndex;
};
VK_CHECK(vkd.allocateMemory(device, &alloc, (const VkAllocationCallbacks*)DE_NULL, &heap.objects.back().memory));
TCU_CHECK(!!heap.objects.back().memory);
m_memoryObjectCount++;
heap.memoryUsage += allocationSize;
(isDeviceLocal ? m_totalDeviceMem : m_totalSystemMem) += allocationSize;
m_totalSystemMem += m_allocSysMemSize;
}
else
{
const size_t nonEmptyHeapNdx = (size_t)(m_rng.getUint32() % (deUint32)nonEmptyHeaps.size());
const size_t heapNdx = nonEmptyHeaps[nonEmptyHeapNdx];
Heap& heap = m_heaps[heapNdx];
const size_t memoryObjectNdx = m_rng.getUint32() % heap.objects.size();
MemoryObject& memoryObject = heap.objects[memoryObjectNdx];
const bool isDeviceLocal = (heap.heap.flags & VK_MEMORY_HEAP_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT) != 0;
vkd.freeMemory(device, memoryObject.memory, (const VkAllocationCallbacks*)DE_NULL);
memoryObject.memory = (VkDeviceMemory)0;
m_memoryObjectCount--;
heap.memoryUsage -= memoryObject.size;
(isDeviceLocal ? m_totalDeviceMem : m_totalSystemMem) -= memoryObject.size;
m_totalSystemMem -= m_allocSysMemSize;
heap.objects[memoryObjectNdx] = heap.objects.back();
heap.objects.pop_back();
DE_ASSERT(heap.memoryUsage == 0 || !heap.objects.empty());
}
m_opNdx++;
return tcu::TestStatus::incomplete();
}
} // anonymous
tcu::TestCaseGroup* createAllocationTests (tcu::TestContext& testCtx)
{
de::MovePtr<tcu::TestCaseGroup> group (new tcu::TestCaseGroup(testCtx, "allocation", "Memory allocation tests."));
const VkDeviceSize KiB = 1024;
const VkDeviceSize MiB = 1024 * KiB;
const struct
{
const char* const str;
VkDeviceSize size;
} allocationSizes[] =
{
{ "64", 64 },
{ "128", 128 },
{ "256", 256 },
{ "512", 512 },
{ "1KiB", 1*KiB },
{ "4KiB", 4*KiB },
{ "8KiB", 8*KiB },
{ "1MiB", 1*MiB }
};
const int allocationPercents[] =
{
1
};
const int allocationCounts[] =
{
1, 10, 100, 1000, -1
};
const struct
{
const char* const str;
const TestConfig::Order order;
} orders[] =
{
{ "forward", TestConfig::ALLOC_FREE },
{ "reverse", TestConfig::ALLOC_REVERSE_FREE },
{ "mixed", TestConfig::MIXED_ALLOC_FREE }
};
{
de::MovePtr<tcu::TestCaseGroup> basicGroup (new tcu::TestCaseGroup(testCtx, "basic", "Basic memory allocation and free tests"));
for (size_t allocationSizeNdx = 0; allocationSizeNdx < DE_LENGTH_OF_ARRAY(allocationSizes); allocationSizeNdx++)
{
const VkDeviceSize allocationSize = allocationSizes[allocationSizeNdx].size;
const char* const allocationSizeName = allocationSizes[allocationSizeNdx].str;
de::MovePtr<tcu::TestCaseGroup> sizeGroup (new tcu::TestCaseGroup(testCtx, ("size_" + string(allocationSizeName)).c_str(), ("Test different allocation sizes " + de::toString(allocationSize)).c_str()));
for (size_t orderNdx = 0; orderNdx < DE_LENGTH_OF_ARRAY(orders); orderNdx++)
{
const TestConfig::Order order = orders[orderNdx].order;
const char* const orderName = orders[orderNdx].str;
const char* const orderDescription = orderName;
de::MovePtr<tcu::TestCaseGroup> orderGroup (new tcu::TestCaseGroup(testCtx, orderName, orderDescription));
for (size_t allocationCountNdx = 0; allocationCountNdx < DE_LENGTH_OF_ARRAY(allocationCounts); allocationCountNdx++)
{
const int allocationCount = allocationCounts[allocationCountNdx];
if (allocationCount != -1 && allocationCount * allocationSize > 50 * MiB)
continue;
TestConfig config;
config.memorySize = allocationSize;
config.order = order;
if (allocationCount == -1)
{
if (allocationSize < 4096)
continue;
config.memoryAllocationCount = de::min((deUint32)(50 * MiB / allocationSize), (deUint32)MAX_ALLOCATION_COUNT);
if (config.memoryAllocationCount == 0
|| config.memoryAllocationCount == 1
|| config.memoryAllocationCount == 10
|| config.memoryAllocationCount == 100
|| config.memoryAllocationCount == 1000)
continue;
}
else
config.memoryAllocationCount = allocationCount;
orderGroup->addChild(new InstanceFactory1<AllocateFreeTestInstance, TestConfig>(testCtx, tcu::NODETYPE_SELF_VALIDATE, "count_" + de::toString(config.memoryAllocationCount), "", config));
}
sizeGroup->addChild(orderGroup.release());
}
basicGroup->addChild(sizeGroup.release());
}
for (size_t allocationPercentNdx = 0; allocationPercentNdx < DE_LENGTH_OF_ARRAY(allocationPercents); allocationPercentNdx++)
{
const int allocationPercent = allocationPercents[allocationPercentNdx];
de::MovePtr<tcu::TestCaseGroup> percentGroup (new tcu::TestCaseGroup(testCtx, ("percent_" + de::toString(allocationPercent)).c_str(), ("Test different allocation percents " + de::toString(allocationPercent)).c_str()));
for (size_t orderNdx = 0; orderNdx < DE_LENGTH_OF_ARRAY(orders); orderNdx++)
{
const TestConfig::Order order = orders[orderNdx].order;
const char* const orderName = orders[orderNdx].str;
const char* const orderDescription = orderName;
de::MovePtr<tcu::TestCaseGroup> orderGroup (new tcu::TestCaseGroup(testCtx, orderName, orderDescription));
for (size_t allocationCountNdx = 0; allocationCountNdx < DE_LENGTH_OF_ARRAY(allocationCounts); allocationCountNdx++)
{
const int allocationCount = allocationCounts[allocationCountNdx];
if ((allocationCount != -1) && ((float)allocationCount * (float)allocationPercent >= 1.00f / 8.00f))
continue;
TestConfig config;
config.memoryPercentage = (float)allocationPercent / 100.0f;
config.order = order;
if (allocationCount == -1)
{
config.memoryAllocationCount = de::min((deUint32)((1.00f / 8.00f) / ((float)allocationPercent / 100.0f)), (deUint32)MAX_ALLOCATION_COUNT);
if (config.memoryAllocationCount == 0
|| config.memoryAllocationCount == 1
|| config.memoryAllocationCount == 10
|| config.memoryAllocationCount == 100
|| config.memoryAllocationCount == 1000)
continue;
}
else
config.memoryAllocationCount = allocationCount;
orderGroup->addChild(new InstanceFactory1<AllocateFreeTestInstance, TestConfig>(testCtx, tcu::NODETYPE_SELF_VALIDATE, "count_" + de::toString(config.memoryAllocationCount), "", config));
}
percentGroup->addChild(orderGroup.release());
}
basicGroup->addChild(percentGroup.release());
}
group->addChild(basicGroup.release());
}
{
const deUint32 caseCount = 100;
de::MovePtr<tcu::TestCaseGroup> randomGroup (new tcu::TestCaseGroup(testCtx, "random", "Random memory allocation tests."));
for (deUint32 caseNdx = 0; caseNdx < caseCount; caseNdx++)
{
const deUint32 seed = deInt32Hash(caseNdx ^ 32480);
randomGroup->addChild(new InstanceFactory1<RandomAllocFreeTestInstance, deUint32>(testCtx, tcu::NODETYPE_SELF_VALIDATE, de::toString(caseNdx), "Random case", seed));
}
group->addChild(randomGroup.release());
}
return group.release();
}
} // memory
} // vkt