ui/src/base/time.ts

// Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

import {BigintMath} from './bigint_math';
import {Brand} from './brand';
import {assertTrue} from './logging';

// The |time| type represents trace time in the same units and domain as trace
// processor (i.e. typically boot time in nanoseconds, but most of the UI should
// be completely agnostic to this).
export type time = Brand<bigint, 'time'>;

// The |duration| type is used to represent the duration of time between two
// |time|s. The domain is irrelevant because a duration is relative.
export type duration = bigint;

// The conversion factor for converting between different time units.
const TIME_UNITS_PER_SEC = 1e9;
const TIME_UNITS_PER_MILLISEC = 1e6;
const TIME_UNITS_PER_MICROSEC = 1e3;

export class Time {
  // Negative time is never found in a trace - so -1 is commonly used as a flag
  // to represent a value is undefined or unset, without having to use a
  // nullable or union type.
  static readonly INVALID = Time.fromRaw(-1n);

  // The min and max possible values, considering times cannot be negative.
  static readonly MIN = Time.fromRaw(0n);
  static readonly MAX = Time.fromRaw(BigintMath.INT64_MAX);

  static readonly ZERO = Time.fromRaw(0n);

  // Cast a bigint to a |time|. Supports potentially |undefined| values.
  // I.e. it performs the following conversions:
  // - `bigint` -> `time`
  // - `bigint|undefined` -> `time|undefined`
  //
  // Use this function with caution. The function is effectively a no-op in JS,
  // but using it tells TypeScript that "this value is a time value". It's up to
  // the caller to ensure the value is in the correct units and time domain.
  //
  // If you're reaching for this function after doing some maths on a |time|
  // value and it's decayed to a |bigint| consider using the static math methods
  // in |Time| instead, as they will do the appropriate casting for you.
  static fromRaw(v: bigint): time;
  static fromRaw(v?: bigint): time | undefined;
  static fromRaw(v?: bigint): time | undefined {
    return v as time | undefined;
  }

  // Convert seconds (number) to a time value.
  // Note: number -> BigInt conversion is relatively slow.
  static fromSeconds(seconds: number): time {
    return Time.fromRaw(BigInt(Math.floor(seconds * TIME_UNITS_PER_SEC)));
  }

  // Convert time value to seconds and return as a number (i.e. float).
  // Warning: This function is lossy, i.e. precision is lost when converting
  // BigInt -> number.
  // Note: BigInt -> number conversion is relatively slow.
  static toSeconds(t: time): number {
    return Number(t) / TIME_UNITS_PER_SEC;
  }

  // Convert milliseconds (number) to a time value.
  // Note: number -> BigInt conversion is relatively slow.
  static fromMillis(millis: number): time {
    return Time.fromRaw(BigInt(Math.floor(millis * TIME_UNITS_PER_MILLISEC)));
  }

  // Convert time value to milliseconds and return as a number (i.e. float).
  // Warning: This function is lossy, i.e. precision is lost when converting
  // BigInt -> number.
  // Note: BigInt -> number conversion is relatively slow.
  static toMillis(t: time): number {
    return Number(t) / TIME_UNITS_PER_MILLISEC;
  }

  // Convert microseconds (number) to a time value.
  // Note: number -> BigInt conversion is relatively slow.
  static fromMicros(millis: number): time {
    return Time.fromRaw(BigInt(Math.floor(millis * TIME_UNITS_PER_MICROSEC)));
  }

  // Convert time value to microseconds and return as a number (i.e. float).
  // Warning: This function is lossy, i.e. precision is lost when converting
  // BigInt -> number.
  // Note: BigInt -> number conversion is relatively slow.
  static toMicros(t: time): number {
    return Number(t) / TIME_UNITS_PER_MICROSEC;
  }

  /**
   * Convert a JavaScript Date to trace time.
   *
   * @param date - The date. Note that Date objects are time zone agnostic, they
   * are a simple wrapper around a unix timestamp. A time zone is applied only
   * when extracting data from it such as printing it to a string.
   * @param unixOffset - This represents the trace time at the unix epoch
   * (usually some large negative number).
   * @returns The time represented in trace time.
   */
  static fromDate(date: Date, unixOffset: duration): time {
    const unixTimeMillis = date.getTime();
    const traceTime = Time.add(Time.fromMillis(unixTimeMillis), unixOffset);
    return traceTime;
  }

  // Convert time value to a Date object, given an offset from the unix epoch.
  // Warning: This function is lossy, i.e. precision is lost when converting
  // BigInt -> number.
  // Note: BigInt -> number conversion is relatively slow.

  /**
   * Converts trace time to a JavaScript Date object.
   *
   * @param time - A trace time.
   * @param unixOffset - This represents the trace time at the unix epoch
   * (usually some large negative number).
   * @returns A JavaScript Date object. Remember Date objects don't contain any
   * timezone information, they are a simple wrapper around unix time.
   */
  static toDate(time: time, unixOffset: duration): Date {
    const unixTimeMillis = Time.toMillis(Time.sub(time, unixOffset));
    return new Date(unixTimeMillis);
  }

  static add(t: time, d: duration): time {
    return Time.fromRaw(t + d);
  }

  static sub(t: time, d: duration): time {
    return Time.fromRaw(t - d);
  }

  static diff(a: time, b: time): duration {
    return a - b;
  }

  // Similar to Time.diff(), but you put the cardinality of the arguments are
  // swapped.
  // E.g: durationBetween(start, end);
  static durationBetween(a: time, b: time): duration {
    return b - a;
  }

  static min(a: time, b: time): time {
    return Time.fromRaw(BigintMath.min(a, b));
  }

  static max(a: time, b: time): time {
    return Time.fromRaw(BigintMath.max(a, b));
  }

  static quantFloor(a: time, b: duration): time {
    return Time.fromRaw(BigintMath.quantFloor(a, b));
  }

  static quantCeil(a: time, b: duration): time {
    return Time.fromRaw(BigintMath.quantCeil(a, b));
  }

  static quant(a: time, b: duration): time {
    return Time.fromRaw(BigintMath.quant(a, b));
  }

  static formatSeconds(time: time): string {
    return Time.toSeconds(time).toString() + ' s';
  }

  static formatMilliseconds(time: time): string {
    return Time.toMillis(time).toString() + ' ms';
  }

  static formatMicroseconds(time: time): string {
    return Time.toMicros(time).toString() + ' µs';
  }

  static toTimecode(time: time): Timecode {
    return new Timecode(time);
  }
}

// Format `value` to `n` significant digits.
// Examples: (1234, 2)   -> 1234.
//           (12.34, 2)  -> 12.
//           (0.1234, 2) -> 0.12.
function toSignificantDigits(value: number, n: number): string {
  const sign = Math.sign(value);
  value = Math.abs(value);
  // For each of (1, 10, 100, ..., 10^n) we need to render an additional digit
  // after comma.
  let pow = 1;
  let digitsAfterComma = 0;
  for (let i = 0; i < n; i++, pow *= 10) {
    if (value < pow) {
      digitsAfterComma++;
    }
  }
  // Print precisely `digitsAfterComma` digits after comma, unless the number is an integer.
  const formatted =
    value === Math.round(value) ? value : value.toFixed(digitsAfterComma);
  return `${sign < 0 ? '-' : ''}${formatted}`;
}

export class Duration {
  // The min and max possible duration values - durations can be negative.
  static MIN = BigintMath.INT64_MIN;
  static MAX = BigintMath.INT64_MAX;
  static ZERO = 0n;

  // Cast a bigint to a |duration|. Supports potentially |undefined| values.
  // I.e. it performs the following conversions:
  // - `bigint` -> `duration`
  // - `bigint|undefined` -> `duration|undefined`
  //
  // Use this function with caution. The function is effectively a no-op in JS,
  // but using it tells TypeScript that "this value is a duration value". It's
  // up to the caller to ensure the value is in the correct units.
  //
  // If you're reaching for this function after doing some maths on a |duration|
  // value and it's decayed to a |bigint| consider using the static math methods
  // in |duration| instead, as they will do the appropriate casting for you.
  static fromRaw(v: bigint): duration;
  static fromRaw(v?: bigint): duration | undefined;
  static fromRaw(v?: bigint): duration | undefined {
    return v as duration | undefined;
  }

  static min(a: duration, b: duration): duration {
    return BigintMath.min(a, b);
  }

  static max(a: duration, b: duration): duration {
    return BigintMath.max(a, b);
  }

  static fromMillis(millis: number) {
    return BigInt(Math.floor((millis / 1e3) * TIME_UNITS_PER_SEC));
  }

  // Convert time to seconds as a number.
  // Use this function with caution. It loses precision and is slow.
  static toSeconds(d: duration) {
    return Number(d) / TIME_UNITS_PER_SEC;
  }

  // Convert time to seconds as a number.
  // Use this function with caution. It loses precision and is slow.
  static toMilliseconds(d: duration) {
    return Number(d) / TIME_UNITS_PER_MILLISEC;
  }

  // Convert time to seconds as a number.
  // Use this function with caution. It loses precision and is slow.
  static toMicroSeconds(d: duration) {
    return Number(d) / TIME_UNITS_PER_MICROSEC;
  }

  // Print duration as as human readable string - i.e. to only a handful of
  // significant figues.
  // Use this when readability is more desireable than precision.
  // Examples: 1234 -> 1.234us
  //           123456789 -> 123.5ms
  //           123,123,123,123,123 -> 123123s
  //           1,000,000,000 -> 1s
  //           1,000,000,023 -> 1.000s
  //           1,230,000,023 -> 1.230s
  static humanise(dur: duration): string {
    if (dur < 1) return '0s';
    const units = ['ns', 'µs', 'ms', 's'];
    let n = Math.abs(Number(dur));
    let u = 0;
    while (n >= 1000 && u + 1 < units.length) {
      n /= 1000;
      ++u;
    }
    return `${toSignificantDigits(Math.sign(Number(dur)) * n, 4)}${units[u]}`;
  }

  // Print duration with absolute precision.
  static format(duration: duration): string {
    let result = '';
    if (duration < 1) return '0s';
    const unitAndValue: [string, bigint][] = [
      ['h', 3_600_000_000_000n],
      ['m', 60_000_000_000n],
      ['s', 1_000_000_000n],
      ['ms', 1_000_000n],
      ['µs', 1_000n],
      ['ns', 1n],
    ];
    unitAndValue.forEach(([unit, unitSize]) => {
      if (duration >= unitSize) {
        const unitCount = duration / unitSize;
        result += unitCount.toLocaleString() + unit + ' ';
        duration = duration % unitSize;
      }
    });
    return result.slice(0, -1);
  }

  static formatSeconds(dur: duration): string {
    return Duration.toSeconds(dur).toString() + ' s';
  }

  static formatMilliseconds(dur: duration): string {
    return Duration.toMilliseconds(dur).toString() + ' ms';
  }

  static formatMicroseconds(dur: duration): string {
    return Duration.toMicroSeconds(dur).toString() + ' µs';
  }
}

// This class takes a time and converts it to a set of strings representing a
// time code where each string represents a group of time units formatted with
// an appropriate number of leading zeros.
export class Timecode {
  public readonly sign: string;
  public readonly days: string;
  public readonly hours: string;
  public readonly minutes: string;
  public readonly seconds: string;
  public readonly millis: string;
  public readonly micros: string;
  public readonly nanos: string;

  constructor(time: time) {
    this.sign = time < 0 ? '-' : '';

    const absTime = BigintMath.abs(time);

    const days = absTime / 86_400_000_000_000n;
    const hours = (absTime / 3_600_000_000_000n) % 24n;
    const minutes = (absTime / 60_000_000_000n) % 60n;
    const seconds = (absTime / 1_000_000_000n) % 60n;
    const millis = (absTime / 1_000_000n) % 1_000n;
    const micros = (absTime / 1_000n) % 1_000n;
    const nanos = absTime % 1_000n;

    this.days = days.toString();
    this.hours = hours.toString().padStart(2, '0');
    this.minutes = minutes.toString().padStart(2, '0');
    this.seconds = seconds.toString().padStart(2, '0');
    this.millis = millis.toString().padStart(3, '0');
    this.micros = micros.toString().padStart(3, '0');
    this.nanos = nanos.toString().padStart(3, '0');
  }

  // Get the upper part of the timecode formatted as: [-]DdHH:MM:SS.
  get dhhmmss(): string {
    const days = this.days === '0' ? '' : `${this.days}d`;
    return `${this.sign}${days}${this.hours}:${this.minutes}:${this.seconds}`;
  }

  // Get the subsecond part of the timecode formatted as: mmm uuu nnn.
  // The "space" char is configurable but defaults to a normal space.
  subsec(spaceChar: string = ' '): string {
    return `${this.millis}${spaceChar}${this.micros}${spaceChar}${this.nanos}`;
  }

  // Formats the entire timecode to a string.
  toString(spaceChar: string = ' '): string {
    return `${this.dhhmmss}.${this.subsec(spaceChar)}`;
  }
}

export function currentDateHourAndMinute(): string {
  const date = new Date();
  return `${date
    .toISOString()
    .substr(0, 10)}-${date.getHours()}-${date.getMinutes()}`;
}

export class TimeSpan {
  static readonly ZERO = new TimeSpan(Time.ZERO, Time.ZERO);

  readonly start: time;
  readonly end: time;

  constructor(start: time, end: time) {
    assertTrue(
      start <= end,
      `Span start [${start}] cannot be greater than end [${end}]`,
    );
    this.start = start;
    this.end = end;
  }

  static fromTimeAndDuration(start: time, duration: duration): TimeSpan {
    return new TimeSpan(start, Time.add(start, duration));
  }

  get duration(): duration {
    return this.end - this.start;
  }

  get midpoint(): time {
    return Time.fromRaw((this.start + this.end) / 2n);
  }

  contains(t: time): boolean {
    return this.start <= t && t < this.end;
  }

  containsSpan(start: time, end: time): boolean {
    return this.start <= start && end <= this.end;
  }

  overlaps(start: time, end: time): boolean {
    return !(end <= this.start || start >= this.end);
  }

  equals(span: TimeSpan): boolean {
    return this.start === span.start && this.end === span.end;
  }

  translate(x: duration): TimeSpan {
    return new TimeSpan(Time.add(this.start, x), Time.add(this.end, x));
  }

  pad(padding: duration): TimeSpan {
    return new TimeSpan(
      Time.sub(this.start, padding),
      Time.add(this.end, padding),
    );
  }
}

/**
 * Formats a Date object (unix timestamp) to a string in a specified timezone.
 *
 * @description
 * The output format is a customizable combination of `YYYY-MM-DD`,
 * `HH:mm:ss.SSS`, and the timezone offset `(±HH:MM)`.
 *
 * @param date The original JavaScript `Date` object to format.
 * @param options An optional configuration object.
 * @param {number} [options.tzOffsetMins] - The timezone offset in minutes from
 * UTC. For example, -420 for UTC-7 or 330 for UTC+5:30. Defaults to 0 (UTC).
 * @param {boolean} [options.printDate] - Whether to include the date part
 * (`YYYY-MM-DD`).
 * @param {boolean} [options.printTime] - Whether to include the time part
 * (`HH:mm:ss.SSS`).
 * @param {boolean} [options.printTimezone] - Whether to include the timezone
 * offset.
 *
 * @returns A formatted string representing the date and time in the specified
 * timezone.
 *
 * @example
 * const myDate = new Date('2025-06-15T10:00:00.000Z');
 *
 * // Format for Indian Standard Time (UTC+5:30)
 * // tzOffsetMins = 5 * 60 + 30 = 330
 * const istString = formatDate(myDate, { tzOffsetMins: 330 });
 * console.log(istString); // "2025-06-15 15:30:00.000 UTC+05:30"
 *
 * // Format for Pacific Daylight Time (UTC-7)
 * // tzOffsetMins = -7 * 60 = -420
 * const pdtString = formatDate(myDate, { tzOffsetMins: -420 });
 * console.log(pdtString); // "2025-06-15 03:00:00.000 UTC-07:00"
 *
 * // Format with only the date and timezone
 * const dateOnly = formatDate(myDate, { tzOffsetMins: -420, printTime: false });
 * console.log(dateOnly); // "2025-06-15 UTC-07:00"
 *
 * // Format as UTC with no timezone part
 * const utcOnly = formatDate(myDate, { printTimezone: false });
 * console.log(utcOnly); // "2025-06-15 10:00:00.000"
 */
export function formatDate(
  date: Date,
  {
    tzOffsetMins = 0,
    printDate = true,
    printTime = true,
    printTimezone = true,
  }: {
    printDate?: boolean;
    printTime?: boolean;
    printTimezone?: boolean;
    tzOffsetMins?: number;
  } = {},
) {
  const originalTimestamp = date.getTime();
  const timezoneOffsetInMilliseconds = tzOffsetMins * 60 * 1000;
  const dateInTimezone = new Date(
    originalTimestamp + timezoneOffsetInMilliseconds,
  );

  const dateStringParts: string[] = [];

  if (printDate) {
    const year = dateInTimezone.getUTCFullYear();
    const month = String(dateInTimezone.getUTCMonth() + 1).padStart(2, '0');
    const day = String(dateInTimezone.getUTCDate()).padStart(2, '0');
    dateStringParts.push(`${year}-${month}-${day}`);
  }

  if (printTime) {
    const hours = String(dateInTimezone.getUTCHours()).padStart(2, '0');
    const mins = String(dateInTimezone.getUTCMinutes()).padStart(2, '0');
    const sec = String(dateInTimezone.getUTCSeconds()).padStart(2, '0');
    const ms = String(dateInTimezone.getUTCMilliseconds()).padStart(3, '0');
    dateStringParts.push(`${hours}:${mins}:${sec}.${ms}`);
  }

  if (printTimezone) {
    dateStringParts.push(formatTimezone(tzOffsetMins));
  }

  return dateStringParts.join(' ');
}

/**
 * Given a timezone as an offset from UTC in minutes, format it in the usual ISO
 * standard way. E.g.: UTC+01:00
 *
 * @param tzOffsetMins - The timezone offset in minutes.
 * @returns A string representing the timezone in ISO format.
 */
export function formatTimezone(tzOffsetMins: number): string {
  const sign = tzOffsetMins >= 0 ? '+' : '-';
  const absMins = Math.abs(tzOffsetMins);
  const hours = Math.floor(absMins / 60);
  const mins = absMins % 60;
  const hoursStr = String(hours).padStart(2, '0');
  const minsStr = String(mins).padStart(2, '0');
  return `UTC${sign}${hoursStr}:${minsStr}`;
}

/**
 * A TypeScript Map that pairs user-friendly timezone descriptions
 * with their corresponding UTC offset in minutes.
 */
export const timezoneOffsetMap: {[key: string]: number} = {
  '(UTC-12:00) International Date Line West': -720,
  '(UTC-11:00) Coordinated Universal Time-11': -660,
  '(UTC-10:00) Hawaii': -600,
  '(UTC-09:30) Marquesas Islands': -570,
  '(UTC-09:00) Alaska': -540,
  '(UTC-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada)': -480,
  '(UTC-07:00) Mountain Time (US & Canada)': -420,
  '(UTC-06:00) Central Time (US & Canada), Mexico City': -360,
  '(UTC-05:00) Eastern Time (US & Canada), Bogota, Lima': -300,
  '(UTC-04:00) Atlantic Time (Canada), La Paz': -240,
  '(UTC-03:30) Newfoundland': -210,
  '(UTC-03:00) Buenos Aires, São Paulo': -180,
  '(UTC-02:00) Coordinated Universal Time-02': -120,
  '(UTC-01:00) Azores, Cape Verde Is.': -60,
  '(UTC+00:00) London, Dublin, Lisbon, Casablanca': 0,
  '(UTC+01:00) Amsterdam, Berlin, Paris, Rome, Madrid': 60,
  '(UTC+02:00) Athens, Cairo, Johannesburg, Helsinki': 120,
  '(UTC+03:00) Moscow, Istanbul, Riyadh, Nairobi': 180,
  '(UTC+03:30) Tehran': 210,
  '(UTC+04:00) Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Muscat, Baku': 240,
  '(UTC+04:30) Kabul': 270,
  '(UTC+05:00) Karachi, Tashkent': 300,
  '(UTC+05:30) Mumbai, New Delhi, Kolkata, Colombo': 330,
  '(UTC+05:45) Kathmandu': 345,
  '(UTC+06:00) Almaty, Dhaka': 360,
  '(UTC+06:30) Yangon (Rangoon)': 390,
  '(UTC+07:00) Bangkok, Hanoi, Jakarta': 420,
  '(UTC+08:00) Beijing, Hong Kong, Singapore, Taipei, Perth': 480,
  '(UTC+08:45) Eucla': 525,
  '(UTC+09:00) Tokyo, Seoul, Osaka, Sapporo': 540,
  '(UTC+09:30) Adelaide, Darwin': 570,
  '(UTC+10:00) Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Guam': 600,
  '(UTC+10:30) Lord Howe Island': 630,
  '(UTC+11:00) Solomon Is., New Caledonia': 660,
  '(UTC+12:00) Auckland, Wellington, Fiji': 720,
  '(UTC+12:45) Chatham Islands': 765,
  "(UTC+13:00) Nuku'alofa": 780,
  '(UTC+14:00) Kiritimati': 840,
};