| <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>xmllint</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry"><a name="idm1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>xmllint — command line <acronym class="acronym">XML</acronym> tool</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">xmllint</code> [ <code class="option">--version</code> | <code class="option">--debug</code> | <code class="option">--shell</code> | <code class="option">--xpath "<em class="replaceable"><code>XPath_expression</code></em>"</code> | <code class="option">--debugent</code> | <code class="option">--copy</code> | <code class="option">--recover</code> | <code class="option">--noent</code> | <code class="option">--noout</code> | <code class="option">--nonet</code> | <code class="option">--path "<em class="replaceable"><code>PATH(S)</code></em>"</code> | <code class="option">--load-trace</code> | <code class="option">--htmlout</code> | <code class="option">--nowrap</code> | <code class="option">--valid</code> | <code class="option">--postvalid</code> | <code class="option">--dtdvalid <em class="replaceable"><code>URL</code></em></code> | <code class="option">--dtdvalidfpi <em class="replaceable"><code>FPI</code></em></code> | <code class="option">--timing</code> | <code class="option">--output <em class="replaceable"><code>FILE</code></em></code> | <code class="option">--repeat</code> | <code class="option">--insert</code> | <code class="option">--compress</code> | <code class="option">--html</code> | <code class="option">--xmlout</code> | <code class="option">--push</code> | <code class="option">--memory</code> | <code class="option">--maxmem <em class="replaceable"><code>NBBYTES</code></em></code> | <code class="option">--nowarning</code> | <code class="option">--noblanks</code> | <code class="option">--nocdata</code> | <code class="option">--format</code> | <code class="option">--encode <em class="replaceable"><code>ENCODING</code></em></code> | <code class="option">--dropdtd</code> | <code class="option">--nsclean</code> | <code class="option">--testIO</code> | <code class="option">--catalogs</code> | <code class="option">--nocatalogs</code> | <code class="option">--auto</code> | <code class="option">--xinclude</code> | <code class="option">--noxincludenode</code> | <code class="option">--loaddtd</code> | <code class="option">--dtdattr</code> | <code class="option">--stream</code> | <code class="option">--walker</code> | <code class="option">--pattern <em class="replaceable"><code>PATTERNVALUE</code></em></code> | <code class="option">--chkregister</code> | <code class="option">--relaxng <em class="replaceable"><code>SCHEMA</code></em></code> | <code class="option">--schema <em class="replaceable"><code>SCHEMA</code></em></code> | <code class="option">--c14n</code> ] { <em class="replaceable"><code>XML-FILE(S)</code></em>... | - }</p></div><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="command">xmllint</code> <code class="option">--help</code> </p></div></div><div class="refsect1"><a name="description"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p> | |
| The <span class="command"><strong>xmllint</strong></span> program parses one or more <acronym class="acronym">XML</acronym> files, | |
| specified on the command line as <em class="replaceable"><code>XML-FILE</code></em> | |
| (or the standard input if the filename provided | |
| is <span class="bold"><strong>-</strong></span> ). It prints various types of | |
| output, depending upon the options selected. It is useful for detecting | |
| errors both in <acronym class="acronym">XML</acronym> code and in | |
| the <acronym class="acronym">XML</acronym> parser itself. | |
| </p><p><span class="command"><strong>xmllint</strong></span> is included in <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">libxml</span>(3)</span>.</p></div><div class="refsect1"><a name="options"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2><p> | |
| <span class="command"><strong>xmllint</strong></span> accepts the following options (in alphabetical order): | |
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--auto</code></span></dt><dd><p>Generate a small document for testing purposes.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--catalogs</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Use the <acronym class="acronym">SGML</acronym> catalog(s) from <code class="envar">SGML_CATALOG_FILES</code>. | |
| Otherwise <acronym class="acronym">XML</acronym> catalogs starting | |
| from <code class="filename">/etc/xml/catalog</code> are used by default. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--chkregister</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Turn on node registration. Useful for developers testing <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">libxml</span>(3)</span> node tracking code. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--compress</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Turn on <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">gzip</span>(1)</span> compression of output. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--copy</code></span></dt><dd><p>Test the internal copy implementation.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--c14n</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Use the W3C <acronym class="acronym">XML</acronym> Canonicalisation (<acronym class="acronym">C14N</acronym>) to | |
| serialize the result of parsing to <code class="filename">stdout</code>. | |
| It keeps comments in the result. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--dtdvalid <em class="replaceable"><code>URL</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Use the <acronym class="acronym">DTD</acronym> specified by | |
| an <em class="replaceable"><code>URL</code></em> for validation. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--dtdvalidfpi <em class="replaceable"><code>FPI</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Use the <acronym class="acronym">DTD</acronym> specified by a Formal Public | |
| Identifier <em class="replaceable"><code>FPI</code></em> for validation, note that this | |
| will require a catalog exporting that Formal Public Identifier to work. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--debug</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Parse a file and output an annotated tree of the | |
| in-memory version of the document. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--debugent</code></span></dt><dd><p>Debug the entities defined in the document.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--dropdtd</code></span></dt><dd><p>Remove <acronym class="acronym">DTD</acronym> from output.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--dtdattr</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Fetch external <acronym class="acronym">DTD</acronym> and populate the tree with | |
| inherited attributes. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--encode <em class="replaceable"><code>ENCODING</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p>Output in the given encoding. Note that this works for full document not fragments or result from XPath queries.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--format</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Reformat and reindent the output. The <code class="envar">XMLLINT_INDENT</code> | |
| environment variable controls the indentation. The default value is two | |
| spaces " "). | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--help</code></span></dt><dd><p>Print out a short usage summary for <span class="command"><strong>xmllint</strong></span>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--html</code></span></dt><dd><p>Use the <acronym class="acronym">HTML</acronym> parser.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--htmlout</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Output results as an <acronym class="acronym">HTML</acronym> file. This | |
| causes <span class="command"><strong>xmllint</strong></span> to output the necessary <acronym class="acronym">HTML</acronym> | |
| tags surrounding the result tree output so the results can be | |
| displayed/viewed in a browser. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--insert</code></span></dt><dd><p>Test for valid insertions.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--loaddtd</code></span></dt><dd><p>Fetch an external <acronym class="acronym">DTD</acronym>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--load-trace</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Display all the documents loaded during the processing | |
| to <code class="filename">stderr</code>. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--maxmem <em class="replaceable"><code>NNBYTES</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Test the parser memory support. <em class="replaceable"><code>NNBYTES</code></em> | |
| is the maximum number of bytes the library is allowed to allocate. | |
| This can also be used to make sure batch processing | |
| of <acronym class="acronym">XML</acronym> files will not exhaust the virtual memory | |
| of the server running them. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--memory</code></span></dt><dd><p>Parse from memory.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--noblanks</code></span></dt><dd><p>Drop ignorable blank spaces.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--nocatalogs</code></span></dt><dd><p>Do not use any catalogs.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--nocdata</code></span></dt><dd><p>Substitute CDATA section by equivalent text nodes.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--noent</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Substitute entity values for entity references. By default, <span class="command"><strong>xmllint</strong></span> | |
| leaves entity references in place. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--nonet</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Do not use the Internet to fetch <acronym class="acronym">DTD</acronym>s or entities. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--noout</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Suppress output. By default, <span class="command"><strong>xmllint</strong></span> outputs the result tree. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--nowarning</code></span></dt><dd><p>Do not emit warnings from the parser and/or validator.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--nowrap</code></span></dt><dd><p>Do not output <acronym class="acronym">HTML</acronym> doc wrapper.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--noxincludenode</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Do XInclude processing but do not generate XInclude start and end nodes. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--nsclean</code></span></dt><dd><p>Remove redundant namespace declarations.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--output <em class="replaceable"><code>FILE</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Define a file path where <span class="command"><strong>xmllint</strong></span> will save the result of parsing. | |
| Usually the programs build a tree and save it | |
| on <code class="filename">stdout</code>, with this option | |
| the result <acronym class="acronym">XML</acronym> instance will be saved onto a file. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--path "<em class="replaceable"><code>PATH(S)</code></em>"</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Use the (space- or colon-separated) list of filesystem paths specified | |
| by <em class="replaceable"><code>PATHS</code></em> to load <acronym class="acronym">DTD</acronym>s or | |
| entities. Enclose space-separated lists by quotation marks. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--pattern <em class="replaceable"><code>PATTERNVALUE</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Used to exercise the pattern recognition engine, which can be used | |
| with the reader interface to the parser. It allows to select some | |
| nodes in the document based on an XPath (subset) expression. Used | |
| for debugging. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--postvalid</code></span></dt><dd><p>Validate after parsing has completed.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--push</code></span></dt><dd><p>Use the push mode of the parser.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--recover</code></span></dt><dd><p>Output any parsable portions of an invalid document.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--relaxng <em class="replaceable"><code>SCHEMA</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Use RelaxNG file named <em class="replaceable"><code>SCHEMA</code></em> | |
| for validation. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--repeat</code></span></dt><dd><p>Repeat 100 times, for timing or profiling.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--schema <em class="replaceable"><code>SCHEMA</code></em></code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Use a W3C <acronym class="acronym">XML</acronym> Schema file | |
| named <em class="replaceable"><code>SCHEMA</code></em> for validation. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--shell</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Run a navigating shell. Details on available commands in shell mode | |
| are below (see <a class="xref" href="#shell" title="SHELL COMMANDS">the section called “SHELL COMMANDS”</a>). | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--xpath "<em class="replaceable"><code>XPath_expression</code></em>"</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Run an XPath expression given as argument and print the | |
| result. In case of a nodeset result, each node in the | |
| node set is serialized in full in the output. In case | |
| of an empty node set the "XPath set is empty" result | |
| will be shown and an error exit code will be returned. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--stream</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Use streaming <acronym class="acronym">API</acronym> - useful when used in combination | |
| with <code class="option">--relaxng</code> or <code class="option">--valid</code> options | |
| for validation of files that are too large to be held in memory. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--testIO</code></span></dt><dd><p>Test user input/output support.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--timing</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Output information about the time it takes <span class="command"><strong>xmllint</strong></span> to perform the | |
| various steps. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--valid</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Determine if the document is a valid instance of the included | |
| Document Type Definition (<acronym class="acronym">DTD</acronym>). | |
| A <acronym class="acronym">DTD</acronym> to be validated against also can be | |
| specified at the command line using the <code class="option">--dtdvalid</code> | |
| option. By default, <span class="command"><strong>xmllint</strong></span> also checks to determine if the | |
| document is well-formed. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--version</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Display the version of <span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">libxml</span>(3)</span> used. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--walker</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Test the walker module, which is a reader interface but for a | |
| document tree, instead of using the reader <acronym class="acronym">API</acronym> on | |
| an unparsed document it works on an existing in-memory tree. Used for | |
| debugging. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--xinclude</code></span></dt><dd><p>Do XInclude processing.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">--xmlout</code></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Used in conjunction with <code class="option">--html</code>. Usually | |
| when <acronym class="acronym">HTML</acronym> is parsed the document is saved with | |
| the <acronym class="acronym">HTML</acronym> serializer. But with this option the | |
| resulting document is saved with the <acronym class="acronym">XML</acronym> | |
| serializer. This is primarily used to | |
| generate <acronym class="acronym">XHTML</acronym> from <acronym class="acronym">HTML</acronym> input. | |
| </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1"><a name="shell"></a><h2>SHELL COMMANDS</h2><p> | |
| <span class="command"><strong>xmllint</strong></span> offers an interactive shell mode invoked with | |
| the <code class="option">--shell</code> command. Available commands in shell mode | |
| include (in alphabetical order): | |
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>base</strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>Display <acronym class="acronym">XML</acronym> base of the node.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>bye</strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>Leave the shell.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>cat <em class="replaceable"><code>NODE</code></em></strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>Display the given node or the current one.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>cd <em class="replaceable"><code>PATH</code></em></strong></span></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Change the current node to the given path (if unique) or root if no | |
| argument is given. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>dir <em class="replaceable"><code>PATH</code></em></strong></span></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Dumps information about the node (namespace, attributes, content). | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>du <em class="replaceable"><code>PATH</code></em></strong></span></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Show the structure of the subtree under the given path or the current node. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>exit</strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>Leave the shell.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>help</strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>Show this help.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>free</strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>Display memory usage.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>load <em class="replaceable"><code>FILENAME</code></em></strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>Load a new document with the given filename.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>ls <em class="replaceable"><code>PATH</code></em></strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>List contents of the given path or the current directory.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>pwd</strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>Display the path to the current node.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>quit</strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>Leave the shell.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>save <em class="replaceable"><code>FILENAME</code></em></strong></span></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Save the current document to the given filename or to the original name. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">validate</code></span></dt><dd><p>Check the document for errors.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="command"><strong>write <em class="replaceable"><code>FILENAME</code></em></strong></span></span></dt><dd><p>Write the current node to the given filename.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1"><a name="environment"></a><h2>ENVIRONMENT</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="envar">SGML_CATALOG_FILES</code></span></dt><dd><p><acronym class="acronym">SGML</acronym> catalog behavior can be changed by redirecting | |
| queries to the user's own set of catalogs. This can be done by setting | |
| the <code class="envar">SGML_CATALOG_FILES</code> environment variable to a list | |
| of catalogs. An empty one should deactivate loading the | |
| default <code class="filename">/etc/sgml/catalog</code> catalog. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="envar">XML_CATALOG_FILES</code></span></dt><dd><p><acronym class="acronym">XML</acronym> catalog behavior can be changed by redirecting | |
| queries to the user's own set of catalogs. This can be done by setting | |
| the <code class="envar">XML_CATALOG_FILES</code> environment variable to a list | |
| of catalogs. An empty one should deactivate loading the | |
| default <code class="filename">/etc/xml/catalog</code> catalog. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="envar">XML_DEBUG_CATALOG</code></span></dt><dd><p>Setting the environment variable <code class="envar">XML_DEBUG_CATALOG</code> | |
| to <em class="parameter"><code>non-zero</code></em> using the <span class="command"><strong>export</strong></span> | |
| command outputs debugging information related to catalog operations. | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="envar">XMLLINT_INDENT</code></span></dt><dd><p>Setting the environment variable <code class="envar">XMLLINT_INDENT</code> | |
| controls the indentation. The default value is two spaces " ". | |
| </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1"><a name="diagnostics"></a><h2>DIAGNOSTICS</h2><p> | |
| <span class="command"><strong>xmllint</strong></span> return codes provide information that can be used when | |
| calling it from scripts. | |
| </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><span class="errorcode">0</span></span></dt><dd><p>No error</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="errorcode">1</span></span></dt><dd><p>Unclassified</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="errorcode">2</span></span></dt><dd><p>Error in <acronym class="acronym">DTD</acronym></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="errorcode">3</span></span></dt><dd><p>Validation error</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="errorcode">4</span></span></dt><dd><p>Validation error</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="errorcode">5</span></span></dt><dd><p>Error in schema compilation</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="errorcode">6</span></span></dt><dd><p>Error writing output</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="errorcode">7</span></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Error in pattern (generated when <code class="option">--pattern</code> option is used) | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="errorcode">8</span></span></dt><dd><p> | |
| Error in Reader registration (generated | |
| when <code class="option">--chkregister</code> option is used) | |
| </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><span class="errorcode">9</span></span></dt><dd><p>Out of memory error</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1"><a name="seealso"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">libxml</span>(3)</span> | |
| </p><p> | |
| More information can be found at | |
| </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">libxml</span>(3)</span> web page <a class="ulink" href="http://www.xmlsoft.org/" target="_top">http://www.xmlsoft.org/</a> | |
| </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>W3C <acronym class="acronym">XSLT</acronym> page <a class="ulink" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt" target="_top">http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt</a> | |
| </p></li></ul></div><p> | |
| </p></div></div></body></html> |