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/*
* Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
// The bootstat command provides options to persist boot events with the current
// timestamp, dump the persisted events, and log all events to EventLog to be
// uploaded to Android log storage via Tron.
#include <getopt.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <chrono>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdio>
#include <ctime>
#include <map>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <android-base/chrono_utils.h>
#include <android-base/logging.h>
#include <android-base/parseint.h>
#include <android-base/strings.h>
#include <android/log.h>
#include <cutils/properties.h>
#include <metricslogger/metrics_logger.h>
#include "boot_event_record_store.h"
namespace {
// Scans the boot event record store for record files and logs each boot event
// via EventLog.
void LogBootEvents() {
BootEventRecordStore boot_event_store;
auto events = boot_event_store.GetAllBootEvents();
for (auto i = events.cbegin(); i != events.cend(); ++i) {
android::metricslogger::LogHistogram(i->first, i->second);
}
}
// Records the named boot |event| to the record store. If |value| is non-empty
// and is a proper string representation of an integer value, the converted
// integer value is associated with the boot event.
void RecordBootEventFromCommandLine(
const std::string& event, const std::string& value_str) {
BootEventRecordStore boot_event_store;
if (!value_str.empty()) {
int32_t value = 0;
if (android::base::ParseInt(value_str, &value)) {
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(event, value);
}
} else {
boot_event_store.AddBootEvent(event);
}
}
void PrintBootEvents() {
printf("Boot events:\n");
printf("------------\n");
BootEventRecordStore boot_event_store;
auto events = boot_event_store.GetAllBootEvents();
for (auto i = events.cbegin(); i != events.cend(); ++i) {
printf("%s\t%d\n", i->first.c_str(), i->second);
}
}
void ShowHelp(const char *cmd) {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [options]\n", cmd);
fprintf(stderr,
"options include:\n"
" -h, --help Show this help\n"
" -l, --log Log all metrics to logstorage\n"
" -p, --print Dump the boot event records to the console\n"
" -r, --record Record the timestamp of a named boot event\n"
" --value Optional value to associate with the boot event\n"
" --record_boot_complete Record metrics related to the time for the device boot\n"
" --record_boot_reason Record the reason why the device booted\n"
" --record_time_since_factory_reset Record the time since the device was reset\n");
}
// Constructs a readable, printable string from the givencommand line
// arguments.
std::string GetCommandLine(int argc, char **argv) {
std::string cmd;
for (int i = 0; i < argc; ++i) {
cmd += argv[i];
cmd += " ";
}
return cmd;
}
// Convenience wrapper over the property API that returns an
// std::string.
std::string GetProperty(const char* key) {
std::vector<char> temp(PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX);
const int len = property_get(key, &temp[0], nullptr);
if (len < 0) {
return "";
}
return std::string(&temp[0], len);
}
constexpr int32_t kUnknownBootReason = 1;
// A mapping from boot reason string, as read from the ro.boot.bootreason
// system property, to a unique integer ID. Viewers of log data dashboards for
// the boot_reason metric may refer to this mapping to discern the histogram
// values.
const std::map<std::string, int32_t> kBootReasonMap = {
{"unknown", kUnknownBootReason},
{"normal", 2},
{"recovery", 3},
{"reboot", 4},
{"PowerKey", 5},
{"hard_reset", 6},
{"kernel_panic", 7},
{"rpm_err", 8},
{"hw_reset", 9},
{"tz_err", 10},
{"adsp_err", 11},
{"modem_err", 12},
{"mba_err", 13},
{"Watchdog", 14},
{"Panic", 15},
{"power_key", 16},
{"power_on", 17},
{"Reboot", 18},
{"rtc", 19},
{"edl", 20},
{"oem_pon1", 21},
{"oem_powerkey", 22},
{"oem_unknown_reset", 23},
{"srto: HWWDT reset SC", 24},
{"srto: HWWDT reset platform", 25},
{"srto: bootloader", 26},
{"srto: kernel panic", 27},
{"srto: kernel watchdog reset", 28},
{"srto: normal", 29},
{"srto: reboot", 30},
{"srto: reboot-bootloader", 31},
{"srto: security watchdog reset", 32},
{"srto: wakesrc", 33},
{"srto: watchdog", 34},
{"srto:1-1", 35},
{"srto:omap_hsmm", 36},
{"srto:phy0", 37},
{"srto:rtc0", 38},
{"srto:touchpad", 39},
{"watchdog", 40},
{"watchdogr", 41},
{"wdog_bark", 42},
{"wdog_bite", 43},
{"wdog_reset", 44},
{"shutdown,", 45}, // Trailing comma is intentional.
{"shutdown,userrequested", 46},
{"reboot,bootloader", 47},
{"reboot,cold", 48},
{"reboot,recovery", 49},
{"thermal_shutdown", 50},
{"s3_wakeup", 51}
};
// Converts a string value representing the reason the system booted to an
// integer representation. This is necessary for logging the boot_reason metric
// via Tron, which does not accept non-integer buckets in histograms.
int32_t BootReasonStrToEnum(const std::string& boot_reason) {
auto mapping = kBootReasonMap.find(boot_reason);
if (mapping != kBootReasonMap.end()) {
return mapping->second;
}
LOG(INFO) << "Unknown boot reason: " << boot_reason;
return kUnknownBootReason;
}
// Returns the appropriate metric key prefix for the boot_complete metric such
// that boot metrics after a system update are labeled as ota_boot_complete;
// otherwise, they are labeled as boot_complete. This method encapsulates the
// bookkeeping required to track when a system update has occurred by storing
// the UTC timestamp of the system build date and comparing against the current
// system build date.
std::string CalculateBootCompletePrefix() {
static const std::string kBuildDateKey = "build_date";
std::string boot_complete_prefix = "boot_complete";
std::string build_date_str = GetProperty("ro.build.date.utc");
int32_t build_date;
if (!android::base::ParseInt(build_date_str, &build_date)) {
return std::string();
}
BootEventRecordStore boot_event_store;
BootEventRecordStore::BootEventRecord record;
if (!boot_event_store.GetBootEvent(kBuildDateKey, &record)) {
boot_complete_prefix = "factory_reset_" + boot_complete_prefix;
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(kBuildDateKey, build_date);
} else if (build_date != record.second) {
boot_complete_prefix = "ota_" + boot_complete_prefix;
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(kBuildDateKey, build_date);
}
return boot_complete_prefix;
}
// Records the value of a given ro.boottime.init property in milliseconds.
void RecordInitBootTimeProp(
BootEventRecordStore* boot_event_store, const char* property) {
std::string value = GetProperty(property);
int32_t time_in_ms;
if (android::base::ParseInt(value, &time_in_ms)) {
boot_event_store->AddBootEventWithValue(property, time_in_ms);
}
}
// A map from bootloader timing stage to the time that stage took during boot.
typedef std::map<std::string, int32_t> BootloaderTimingMap;
// Returns a mapping from bootloader stage names to the time those stages
// took to boot.
const BootloaderTimingMap GetBootLoaderTimings() {
BootloaderTimingMap timings;
// |ro.boot.boottime| is of the form 'stage1:time1,...,stageN:timeN',
// where timeN is in milliseconds.
std::string value = GetProperty("ro.boot.boottime");
if (value.empty()) {
// ro.boot.boottime is not reported on all devices.
return BootloaderTimingMap();
}
auto stages = android::base::Split(value, ",");
for (const auto& stageTiming : stages) {
// |stageTiming| is of the form 'stage:time'.
auto stageTimingValues = android::base::Split(stageTiming, ":");
DCHECK_EQ(2U, stageTimingValues.size());
std::string stageName = stageTimingValues[0];
int32_t time_ms;
if (android::base::ParseInt(stageTimingValues[1], &time_ms)) {
timings[stageName] = time_ms;
}
}
return timings;
}
// Parses and records the set of bootloader stages and associated boot times
// from the ro.boot.boottime system property.
void RecordBootloaderTimings(BootEventRecordStore* boot_event_store,
const BootloaderTimingMap& bootloader_timings) {
int32_t total_time = 0;
for (const auto& timing : bootloader_timings) {
total_time += timing.second;
boot_event_store->AddBootEventWithValue("boottime.bootloader." + timing.first, timing.second);
}
boot_event_store->AddBootEventWithValue("boottime.bootloader.total", total_time);
}
// Records the closest estimation to the absolute device boot time, i.e.,
// from power on to boot_complete, including bootloader times.
void RecordAbsoluteBootTime(BootEventRecordStore* boot_event_store,
const BootloaderTimingMap& bootloader_timings,
std::chrono::milliseconds uptime) {
int32_t bootloader_time_ms = 0;
for (const auto& timing : bootloader_timings) {
if (timing.first.compare("SW") != 0) {
bootloader_time_ms += timing.second;
}
}
auto bootloader_duration = std::chrono::milliseconds(bootloader_time_ms);
auto absolute_total =
std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(bootloader_duration + uptime);
boot_event_store->AddBootEventWithValue("absolute_boot_time", absolute_total.count());
}
// Records several metrics related to the time it takes to boot the device,
// including disambiguating boot time on encrypted or non-encrypted devices.
void RecordBootComplete() {
BootEventRecordStore boot_event_store;
BootEventRecordStore::BootEventRecord record;
auto time_since_epoch = android::base::boot_clock::now().time_since_epoch();
auto uptime = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::seconds>(time_since_epoch);
time_t current_time_utc = time(nullptr);
if (boot_event_store.GetBootEvent("last_boot_time_utc", &record)) {
time_t last_boot_time_utc = record.second;
time_t time_since_last_boot = difftime(current_time_utc,
last_boot_time_utc);
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("time_since_last_boot",
time_since_last_boot);
}
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("last_boot_time_utc", current_time_utc);
// The boot_complete metric has two variants: boot_complete and
// ota_boot_complete. The latter signifies that the device is booting after
// a system update.
std::string boot_complete_prefix = CalculateBootCompletePrefix();
if (boot_complete_prefix.empty()) {
// The system is hosed because the build date property could not be read.
return;
}
// post_decrypt_time_elapsed is only logged on encrypted devices.
if (boot_event_store.GetBootEvent("post_decrypt_time_elapsed", &record)) {
// Log the amount of time elapsed until the device is decrypted, which
// includes the variable amount of time the user takes to enter the
// decryption password.
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("boot_decryption_complete", uptime.count());
// Subtract the decryption time to normalize the boot cycle timing.
std::chrono::seconds boot_complete = std::chrono::seconds(uptime.count() - record.second);
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(boot_complete_prefix + "_post_decrypt",
boot_complete.count());
} else {
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(boot_complete_prefix + "_no_encryption",
uptime.count());
}
// Record the total time from device startup to boot complete, regardless of
// encryption state.
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(boot_complete_prefix, uptime.count());
RecordInitBootTimeProp(&boot_event_store, "ro.boottime.init");
RecordInitBootTimeProp(&boot_event_store, "ro.boottime.init.selinux");
RecordInitBootTimeProp(&boot_event_store, "ro.boottime.init.cold_boot_wait");
const BootloaderTimingMap bootloader_timings = GetBootLoaderTimings();
RecordBootloaderTimings(&boot_event_store, bootloader_timings);
auto uptime_ms = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(time_since_epoch);
RecordAbsoluteBootTime(&boot_event_store, bootloader_timings, uptime_ms);
}
// Records the boot_reason metric by querying the ro.boot.bootreason system
// property.
void RecordBootReason() {
int32_t boot_reason = BootReasonStrToEnum(GetProperty("ro.boot.bootreason"));
BootEventRecordStore boot_event_store;
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("boot_reason", boot_reason);
}
// Records two metrics related to the user resetting a device: the time at
// which the device is reset, and the time since the user last reset the
// device. The former is only set once per-factory reset.
void RecordFactoryReset() {
BootEventRecordStore boot_event_store;
BootEventRecordStore::BootEventRecord record;
time_t current_time_utc = time(nullptr);
if (current_time_utc < 0) {
// UMA does not display negative values in buckets, so convert to positive.
android::metricslogger::LogHistogram(
"factory_reset_current_time_failure", std::abs(current_time_utc));
// Logging via BootEventRecordStore to see if using android::metricslogger::LogHistogram
// is losing records somehow.
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(
"factory_reset_current_time_failure", std::abs(current_time_utc));
return;
} else {
android::metricslogger::LogHistogram("factory_reset_current_time", current_time_utc);
// Logging via BootEventRecordStore to see if using android::metricslogger::LogHistogram
// is losing records somehow.
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(
"factory_reset_current_time", current_time_utc);
}
// The factory_reset boot event does not exist after the device is reset, so
// use this signal to mark the time of the factory reset.
if (!boot_event_store.GetBootEvent("factory_reset", &record)) {
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("factory_reset", current_time_utc);
// Don't log the time_since_factory_reset until some time has elapsed.
// The data is not meaningful yet and skews the histogram buckets.
return;
}
// Calculate and record the difference in time between now and the
// factory_reset time.
time_t factory_reset_utc = record.second;
android::metricslogger::LogHistogram("factory_reset_record_value", factory_reset_utc);
// Logging via BootEventRecordStore to see if using android::metricslogger::LogHistogram
// is losing records somehow.
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue(
"factory_reset_record_value", factory_reset_utc);
time_t time_since_factory_reset = difftime(current_time_utc,
factory_reset_utc);
boot_event_store.AddBootEventWithValue("time_since_factory_reset",
time_since_factory_reset);
}
} // namespace
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
android::base::InitLogging(argv);
const std::string cmd_line = GetCommandLine(argc, argv);
LOG(INFO) << "Service started: " << cmd_line;
int option_index = 0;
static const char value_str[] = "value";
static const char boot_complete_str[] = "record_boot_complete";
static const char boot_reason_str[] = "record_boot_reason";
static const char factory_reset_str[] = "record_time_since_factory_reset";
static const struct option long_options[] = {
{ "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
{ "log", no_argument, NULL, 'l' },
{ "print", no_argument, NULL, 'p' },
{ "record", required_argument, NULL, 'r' },
{ value_str, required_argument, NULL, 0 },
{ boot_complete_str, no_argument, NULL, 0 },
{ boot_reason_str, no_argument, NULL, 0 },
{ factory_reset_str, no_argument, NULL, 0 },
{ NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
};
std::string boot_event;
std::string value;
int opt = 0;
while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hlpr:", long_options, &option_index)) != -1) {
switch (opt) {
// This case handles long options which have no single-character mapping.
case 0: {
const std::string option_name = long_options[option_index].name;
if (option_name == value_str) {
// |optarg| is an external variable set by getopt representing
// the option argument.
value = optarg;
} else if (option_name == boot_complete_str) {
RecordBootComplete();
} else if (option_name == boot_reason_str) {
RecordBootReason();
} else if (option_name == factory_reset_str) {
RecordFactoryReset();
} else {
LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid option: " << option_name;
}
break;
}
case 'h': {
ShowHelp(argv[0]);
break;
}
case 'l': {
LogBootEvents();
break;
}
case 'p': {
PrintBootEvents();
break;
}
case 'r': {
// |optarg| is an external variable set by getopt representing
// the option argument.
boot_event = optarg;
break;
}
default: {
DCHECK_EQ(opt, '?');
// |optopt| is an external variable set by getopt representing
// the value of the invalid option.
LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid option: " << optopt;
ShowHelp(argv[0]);
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
}
}
if (!boot_event.empty()) {
RecordBootEventFromCommandLine(boot_event, value);
}
return 0;
}