Merge "Snap for 9560500 from 15d7230ed614a6a379c7aa78fcdb21197885ebaf to sdk-release" into sdk-release
diff --git a/debuggerd/debuggerd_test.cpp b/debuggerd/debuggerd_test.cpp
index 9c1b136..a8d7de6 100644
--- a/debuggerd/debuggerd_test.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/debuggerd_test.cpp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <thread>
 
+#include <android/dlext.h>
 #include <android/fdsan.h>
 #include <android/set_abort_message.h>
 #include <bionic/malloc.h>
@@ -1909,7 +1910,7 @@
   ASSERT_MATCH(result, R"(Cause: stack pointer[^\n]*stack overflow.\n)");
 }
 
-static bool CopySharedLibrary(const char* tmp_dir, std::string* tmp_so_name) {
+static std::string GetTestLibraryPath() {
   std::string test_lib(testing::internal::GetArgvs()[0]);
   auto const value = test_lib.find_last_of('/');
   if (value == std::string::npos) {
@@ -1917,7 +1918,62 @@
   } else {
     test_lib = test_lib.substr(0, value + 1) + "./";
   }
-  test_lib += "libcrash_test.so";
+  return test_lib + "libcrash_test.so";
+}
+
+static void CreateEmbeddedLibrary(int out_fd) {
+  std::string test_lib(GetTestLibraryPath());
+  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(test_lib.c_str(), O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC));
+  ASSERT_NE(fd.get(), -1);
+  off_t file_size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
+  ASSERT_EQ(lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET), 0);
+  std::vector<uint8_t> contents(file_size);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(android::base::ReadFully(fd, contents.data(), contents.size()));
+
+  // Put the shared library data at a pagesize() offset.
+  ASSERT_EQ(lseek(out_fd, 4 * getpagesize(), SEEK_CUR), 4 * getpagesize());
+  ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(write(out_fd, contents.data(), contents.size())), contents.size());
+}
+
+TEST_F(CrasherTest, non_zero_offset_in_library) {
+  int intercept_result;
+  unique_fd output_fd;
+  TemporaryFile tf;
+  CreateEmbeddedLibrary(tf.fd);
+  StartProcess([&tf]() {
+    android_dlextinfo extinfo{};
+    extinfo.flags = ANDROID_DLEXT_USE_LIBRARY_FD | ANDROID_DLEXT_USE_LIBRARY_FD_OFFSET;
+    extinfo.library_fd = tf.fd;
+    extinfo.library_fd_offset = 4 * getpagesize();
+    void* handle = android_dlopen_ext(tf.path, RTLD_NOW, &extinfo);
+    if (handle == nullptr) {
+      _exit(1);
+    }
+    void (*crash_func)() = reinterpret_cast<void (*)()>(dlsym(handle, "crash"));
+    if (crash_func == nullptr) {
+      _exit(1);
+    }
+    crash_func();
+  });
+
+  StartIntercept(&output_fd);
+  FinishCrasher();
+  AssertDeath(SIGSEGV);
+  FinishIntercept(&intercept_result);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(1, intercept_result) << "tombstoned reported failure";
+
+  std::string result;
+  ConsumeFd(std::move(output_fd), &result);
+
+  // Verify the crash includes an offset value in the backtrace.
+  std::string match_str = android::base::StringPrintf("%s\\!libcrash_test.so \\(offset 0x%x\\)",
+                                                      tf.path, 4 * getpagesize());
+  ASSERT_MATCH(result, match_str);
+}
+
+static bool CopySharedLibrary(const char* tmp_dir, std::string* tmp_so_name) {
+  std::string test_lib(GetTestLibraryPath());
 
   *tmp_so_name = std::string(tmp_dir) + "/libcrash_test.so";
   std::string cp_cmd = android::base::StringPrintf("cp %s %s", test_lib.c_str(), tmp_dir);
diff --git a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone_proto_to_text.cpp b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone_proto_to_text.cpp
index a05bcec..e4d68f8 100644
--- a/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone_proto_to_text.cpp
+++ b/debuggerd/libdebuggerd/tombstone_proto_to_text.cpp
@@ -176,8 +176,14 @@
       build_id = StringPrintf(" (BuildId: %s)", frame.build_id().c_str());
     }
 
-    CB(should_log, "      #%02d pc %0*" PRIx64 "  %s%s%s", index++, pointer_width(tombstone) * 2,
-       frame.rel_pc(), frame.file_name().c_str(), function.c_str(), build_id.c_str());
+    std::string line =
+        StringPrintf("      #%02d pc %0*" PRIx64 "  %s", index++, pointer_width(tombstone) * 2,
+                     frame.rel_pc(), frame.file_name().c_str());
+    if (frame.file_map_offset() != 0) {
+      line += StringPrintf(" (offset 0x%" PRIx64 ")", frame.file_map_offset());
+    }
+    line += function + build_id;
+    CB(should_log, "%s", line.c_str());
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/fastboot/Android.bp b/fastboot/Android.bp
index a801900..9512e7e 100644
--- a/fastboot/Android.bp
+++ b/fastboot/Android.bp
@@ -286,6 +286,7 @@
         "fastboot.cpp",
         "fs.cpp",
         "socket.cpp",
+        "super_flash_helper.cpp",
         "tcp.cpp",
         "udp.cpp",
         "util.cpp",
diff --git a/fastboot/fastboot.cpp b/fastboot/fastboot.cpp
index 9676f87..8f7cced 100644
--- a/fastboot/fastboot.cpp
+++ b/fastboot/fastboot.cpp
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/endian.h>
 #include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/macros.h>
 #include <android-base/parseint.h>
 #include <android-base/parsenetaddress.h>
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@
 #include <build/version.h>
 #include <libavb/libavb.h>
 #include <liblp/liblp.h>
+#include <liblp/super_layout_builder.h>
 #include <platform_tools_version.h>
 #include <sparse/sparse.h>
 #include <ziparchive/zip_archive.h>
@@ -71,6 +73,7 @@
 #include "diagnose_usb.h"
 #include "fastboot_driver.h"
 #include "fs.h"
+#include "super_flash_helper.h"
 #include "tcp.h"
 #include "transport.h"
 #include "udp.h"
@@ -113,7 +116,7 @@
 
 struct fastboot_buffer {
     enum fb_buffer_type type;
-    void* data;
+    std::vector<SparsePtr> files;
     int64_t sz;
     unique_fd fd;
     int64_t image_size;
@@ -246,14 +249,6 @@
     fprintf(stderr, "(bootloader) %s\n", info.c_str());
 }
 
-static int64_t get_file_size(borrowed_fd fd) {
-    struct stat sb;
-    if (fstat(fd.get(), &sb) == -1) {
-        die("could not get file size");
-    }
-    return sb.st_size;
-}
-
 bool ReadFileToVector(const std::string& file, std::vector<char>* out) {
     out->clear();
 
@@ -824,27 +819,32 @@
     fprintf(stderr, "--------------------------------------------\n");
 }
 
-static struct sparse_file** load_sparse_files(int fd, int64_t max_size) {
-    struct sparse_file* s = sparse_file_import_auto(fd, false, true);
-    if (!s) die("cannot sparse read file");
-
+static std::vector<SparsePtr> resparse_file(sparse_file* s, int64_t max_size) {
     if (max_size <= 0 || max_size > std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
         die("invalid max size %" PRId64, max_size);
     }
 
-    int files = sparse_file_resparse(s, max_size, nullptr, 0);
+    const int files = sparse_file_resparse(s, max_size, nullptr, 0);
     if (files < 0) die("Failed to resparse");
 
-    sparse_file** out_s =
-            reinterpret_cast<sparse_file**>(calloc(sizeof(struct sparse_file*), files + 1));
-    if (!out_s) die("Failed to allocate sparse file array");
+    auto temp = std::make_unique<sparse_file*[]>(files);
+    const int rv = sparse_file_resparse(s, max_size, temp.get(), files);
+    if (rv < 0) die("Failed to resparse");
 
-    files = sparse_file_resparse(s, max_size, out_s, files);
-    if (files < 0) die("Failed to resparse");
-
+    std::vector<SparsePtr> out_s;
+    for (int i = 0; i < files; i++) {
+        out_s.emplace_back(temp[i], sparse_file_destroy);
+    }
     return out_s;
 }
 
+static std::vector<SparsePtr> load_sparse_files(int fd, int64_t max_size) {
+    SparsePtr s(sparse_file_import_auto(fd, false, true), sparse_file_destroy);
+    if (!s) die("cannot sparse read file");
+
+    return resparse_file(s.get(), max_size);
+}
+
 static uint64_t get_uint_var(const char* var_name) {
     std::string value_str;
     if (fb->GetVar(var_name, &value_str) != fastboot::SUCCESS || value_str.empty()) {
@@ -903,15 +903,13 @@
     int64_t limit = get_sparse_limit(sz);
     buf->fd = std::move(fd);
     if (limit) {
-        sparse_file** s = load_sparse_files(buf->fd.get(), limit);
-        if (s == nullptr) {
+        buf->files = load_sparse_files(buf->fd.get(), limit);
+        if (buf->files.empty()) {
             return false;
         }
         buf->type = FB_BUFFER_SPARSE;
-        buf->data = s;
     } else {
         buf->type = FB_BUFFER_FD;
-        buf->data = nullptr;
         buf->sz = sz;
     }
 
@@ -996,6 +994,8 @@
            fb->GetVar("partition-type:vbmeta_b", &partition_type) == fastboot::SUCCESS;
 }
 
+// Note: this only works in userspace fastboot. In the bootloader, use
+// should_flash_in_userspace().
 static bool is_logical(const std::string& partition) {
     std::string value;
     return fb->GetVar("is-logical:" + partition, &value) == fastboot::SUCCESS && value == "yes";
@@ -1078,9 +1078,16 @@
     lseek(buf->fd.get(), 0, SEEK_SET);
 }
 
-static void flash_buf(const std::string& partition, struct fastboot_buffer* buf) {
-    sparse_file** s;
+static void flash_partition_files(const std::string& partition,
+                                  const std::vector<SparsePtr>& files) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < files.size(); i++) {
+        sparse_file* s = files[i].get();
+        int64_t sz = sparse_file_len(s, true, false);
+        fb->FlashPartition(partition, s, sz, i + 1, files.size());
+    }
+}
 
+static void flash_buf(const std::string& partition, struct fastboot_buffer* buf) {
     if (partition == "boot" || partition == "boot_a" || partition == "boot_b" ||
         partition == "init_boot" || partition == "init_boot_a" || partition == "init_boot_b" ||
         partition == "recovery" || partition == "recovery_a" || partition == "recovery_b") {
@@ -1103,18 +1110,7 @@
 
     switch (buf->type) {
         case FB_BUFFER_SPARSE: {
-            std::vector<std::pair<sparse_file*, int64_t>> sparse_files;
-            s = reinterpret_cast<sparse_file**>(buf->data);
-            while (*s) {
-                int64_t sz = sparse_file_len(*s, true, false);
-                sparse_files.emplace_back(*s, sz);
-                ++s;
-            }
-
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < sparse_files.size(); ++i) {
-                const auto& pair = sparse_files[i];
-                fb->FlashPartition(partition, pair.first, pair.second, i + 1, sparse_files.size());
-            }
+            flash_partition_files(partition, buf->files);
             break;
         }
         case FB_BUFFER_FD:
@@ -1402,13 +1398,6 @@
     }
 }
 
-class ImageSource {
-  public:
-    virtual ~ImageSource(){};
-    virtual bool ReadFile(const std::string& name, std::vector<char>* out) const = 0;
-    virtual unique_fd OpenFile(const std::string& name) const = 0;
-};
-
 class FlashAllTool {
   public:
     FlashAllTool(const ImageSource& source, const std::string& slot_override, bool skip_secondary,
@@ -1418,20 +1407,30 @@
 
   private:
     void CheckRequirements();
-    void DetermineSecondarySlot();
+    void DetermineSlot();
     void CollectImages();
     void FlashImages(const std::vector<std::pair<const Image*, std::string>>& images);
     void FlashImage(const Image& image, const std::string& slot, fastboot_buffer* buf);
     void UpdateSuperPartition();
+    bool OptimizedFlashSuper();
+
+    // If the image uses the default slot, or the user specified "all", then
+    // the paired string will be empty. If the image requests a specific slot
+    // (for example, system_other) it is specified instead.
+    using ImageEntry = std::pair<const Image*, std::string>;
+
+    std::string GetPartitionName(const ImageEntry& entry);
 
     const ImageSource& source_;
     std::string slot_override_;
     bool skip_secondary_;
     bool wipe_;
     bool force_flash_;
+    std::string current_slot_;
     std::string secondary_slot_;
-    std::vector<std::pair<const Image*, std::string>> boot_images_;
-    std::vector<std::pair<const Image*, std::string>> os_images_;
+
+    std::vector<ImageEntry> boot_images_;
+    std::vector<ImageEntry> os_images_;
 };
 
 FlashAllTool::FlashAllTool(const ImageSource& source, const std::string& slot_override,
@@ -1454,7 +1453,7 @@
         set_active(slot_override_);
     }
 
-    DetermineSecondarySlot();
+    DetermineSlot();
     CollectImages();
 
     CancelSnapshotIfNeeded();
@@ -1463,24 +1462,92 @@
     // or in bootloader fastboot.
     FlashImages(boot_images_);
 
-    // Sync the super partition. This will reboot to userspace fastboot if needed.
-    UpdateSuperPartition();
+    if (!OptimizedFlashSuper()) {
+        // Sync the super partition. This will reboot to userspace fastboot if needed.
+        UpdateSuperPartition();
 
-    // Resize any logical partition to 0, so each partition is reset to 0
-    // extents, and will achieve more optimal allocation.
-    for (const auto& [image, slot] : os_images_) {
-        auto resize_partition = [](const std::string& partition) -> void {
-            if (is_logical(partition)) {
-                fb->ResizePartition(partition, "0");
-            }
-        };
-        do_for_partitions(image->part_name, slot, resize_partition, false);
+        // Resize any logical partition to 0, so each partition is reset to 0
+        // extents, and will achieve more optimal allocation.
+        for (const auto& [image, slot] : os_images_) {
+            auto resize_partition = [](const std::string& partition) -> void {
+                if (is_logical(partition)) {
+                    fb->ResizePartition(partition, "0");
+                }
+            };
+            do_for_partitions(image->part_name, slot, resize_partition, false);
+        }
     }
 
     // Flash OS images, resizing logical partitions as needed.
     FlashImages(os_images_);
 }
 
+bool FlashAllTool::OptimizedFlashSuper() {
+    if (!supports_AB()) {
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << "Cannot optimize flashing super on non-AB device";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (slot_override_ == "all") {
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << "Cannot optimize flashing super for all slots";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Does this device use dynamic partitions at all?
+    unique_fd fd = source_.OpenFile("super_empty.img");
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << "could not open super_empty.img";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Try to find whether there is a super partition.
+    std::string super_name;
+    if (fb->GetVar("super-partition-name", &super_name) != fastboot::SUCCESS) {
+        super_name = "super";
+    }
+    std::string partition_size_str;
+    if (fb->GetVar("partition-size:" + super_name, &partition_size_str) != fastboot::SUCCESS) {
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << "Cannot optimize super flashing: could not determine super partition";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    SuperFlashHelper helper(source_);
+    if (!helper.Open(fd)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    for (const auto& entry : os_images_) {
+        auto partition = GetPartitionName(entry);
+        auto image = entry.first;
+
+        if (!helper.AddPartition(partition, image->img_name, image->optional_if_no_image)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    auto s = helper.GetSparseLayout();
+    if (!s) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    std::vector<SparsePtr> files;
+    if (int limit = get_sparse_limit(sparse_file_len(s.get(), false, false))) {
+        files = resparse_file(s.get(), limit);
+    } else {
+        files.emplace_back(std::move(s));
+    }
+
+    // Send the data to the device.
+    flash_partition_files(super_name, files);
+
+    // Remove images that we already flashed, just in case we have non-dynamic OS images.
+    auto remove_if_callback = [&, this](const ImageEntry& entry) -> bool {
+        return helper.WillFlash(GetPartitionName(entry));
+    };
+    os_images_.erase(std::remove_if(os_images_.begin(), os_images_.end(), remove_if_callback),
+                     os_images_.end());
+    return true;
+}
+
 void FlashAllTool::CheckRequirements() {
     std::vector<char> contents;
     if (!source_.ReadFile("android-info.txt", &contents)) {
@@ -1489,7 +1556,13 @@
     ::CheckRequirements({contents.data(), contents.size()}, force_flash_);
 }
 
-void FlashAllTool::DetermineSecondarySlot() {
+void FlashAllTool::DetermineSlot() {
+    if (slot_override_.empty()) {
+        current_slot_ = get_current_slot();
+    } else {
+        current_slot_ = slot_override_;
+    }
+
     if (skip_secondary_) {
         return;
     }
@@ -1588,6 +1661,20 @@
     }
 }
 
+std::string FlashAllTool::GetPartitionName(const ImageEntry& entry) {
+    auto slot = entry.second;
+    if (slot.empty()) {
+        slot = current_slot_;
+    }
+    if (slot.empty()) {
+        return entry.first->part_name;
+    }
+    if (slot == "all") {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "Cannot retrieve a singular name when using all slots";
+    }
+    return entry.first->part_name + "_" + slot;
+}
+
 class ZipImageSource final : public ImageSource {
   public:
     explicit ZipImageSource(ZipArchiveHandle zip) : zip_(zip) {}
@@ -1782,20 +1869,7 @@
     if (!metadata) {
         return false;
     }
-    for (const auto& partition : metadata->partitions) {
-        auto candidate = android::fs_mgr::GetPartitionName(partition);
-        if (partition.attributes & LP_PARTITION_ATTR_SLOT_SUFFIXED) {
-            // On retrofit devices, we don't know if, or whether, the A or B
-            // slot has been flashed for dynamic partitions. Instead we add
-            // both names to the list as a conservative guess.
-            if (candidate + "_a" == partition_name || candidate + "_b" == partition_name) {
-                return true;
-            }
-        } else if (candidate == partition_name) {
-            return true;
-        }
-    }
-    return false;
+    return should_flash_in_userspace(*metadata.get(), partition_name);
 }
 
 static bool wipe_super(const android::fs_mgr::LpMetadata& metadata, const std::string& slot,
@@ -1868,7 +1942,19 @@
     }
 }
 
+static void FastbootLogger(android::base::LogId /* id */, android::base::LogSeverity /* severity */,
+                           const char* /* tag */, const char* /* file */, unsigned int /* line */,
+                           const char* message) {
+    verbose("%s", message);
+}
+
+static void FastbootAborter(const char* message) {
+    die("%s", message);
+}
+
 int FastBootTool::Main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+    android::base::InitLogging(argv, FastbootLogger, FastbootAborter);
+
     bool wants_wipe = false;
     bool wants_reboot = false;
     bool wants_reboot_bootloader = false;
diff --git a/fastboot/super_flash_helper.cpp b/fastboot/super_flash_helper.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b617ce8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fastboot/super_flash_helper.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+#include "super_flash_helper.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include "util.h"
+
+using android::base::borrowed_fd;
+using android::base::unique_fd;
+using android::fs_mgr::SuperImageExtent;
+
+SuperFlashHelper::SuperFlashHelper(const ImageSource& source) : source_(source) {}
+
+bool SuperFlashHelper::Open(borrowed_fd fd) {
+    if (!builder_.Open(fd)) {
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << "device does not support optimized super flashing";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    base_metadata_ = builder_.Export();
+    return !!base_metadata_;
+}
+
+bool SuperFlashHelper::IncludeInSuper(const std::string& partition) {
+    return should_flash_in_userspace(*base_metadata_.get(), partition);
+}
+
+bool SuperFlashHelper::AddPartition(const std::string& partition, const std::string& image_name,
+                                    bool optional) {
+    if (!IncludeInSuper(partition)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    auto iter = image_fds_.find(image_name);
+    if (iter == image_fds_.end()) {
+        unique_fd fd = source_.OpenFile(image_name);
+        if (fd < 0) {
+            if (!optional) {
+                LOG(VERBOSE) << "could not find partition image: " << image_name;
+                return false;
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (is_sparse_file(fd)) {
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << "cannot optimize dynamic partitions with sparse images";
+            return false;
+        }
+        iter = image_fds_.emplace(image_name, std::move(fd)).first;
+    }
+
+    if (!builder_.AddPartition(partition, image_name, get_file_size(iter->second))) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    will_flash_.emplace(partition);
+    return true;
+}
+
+SparsePtr SuperFlashHelper::GetSparseLayout() {
+    // Cache extents since the sparse ptr depends on data pointers.
+    if (extents_.empty()) {
+        extents_ = builder_.GetImageLayout();
+        if (extents_.empty()) {
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << "device does not support optimized super flashing";
+            return {nullptr, nullptr};
+        }
+    }
+
+    unsigned int block_size = base_metadata_->geometry.logical_block_size;
+    int64_t flashed_size = extents_.back().offset + extents_.back().size;
+    SparsePtr s(sparse_file_new(block_size, flashed_size), sparse_file_destroy);
+
+    for (const auto& extent : extents_) {
+        if (extent.offset / block_size > UINT_MAX) {
+            // Super image is too big to send via sparse files (>8TB).
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << "super image is too big to flash";
+            return {nullptr, nullptr};
+        }
+        unsigned int block = extent.offset / block_size;
+
+        int rv = 0;
+        switch (extent.type) {
+            case SuperImageExtent::Type::DONTCARE:
+                break;
+            case SuperImageExtent::Type::ZERO:
+                rv = sparse_file_add_fill(s.get(), 0, extent.size, block);
+                break;
+            case SuperImageExtent::Type::DATA:
+                rv = sparse_file_add_data(s.get(), extent.blob->data(), extent.size, block);
+                break;
+            case SuperImageExtent::Type::PARTITION: {
+                auto iter = image_fds_.find(extent.image_name);
+                if (iter == image_fds_.end()) {
+                    LOG(FATAL) << "image added but not found: " << extent.image_name;
+                    return {nullptr, nullptr};
+                }
+                rv = sparse_file_add_fd(s.get(), iter->second.get(), extent.image_offset,
+                                        extent.size, block);
+                break;
+            }
+            default:
+                LOG(VERBOSE) << "unrecognized extent type in super image layout";
+                return {nullptr, nullptr};
+        }
+        if (rv) {
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << "sparse failure building super image layout";
+            return {nullptr, nullptr};
+        }
+    }
+    return s;
+}
diff --git a/fastboot/super_flash_helper.h b/fastboot/super_flash_helper.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..29c15d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fastboot/super_flash_helper.h
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
+
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <liblp/liblp.h>
+#include <liblp/super_layout_builder.h>
+
+#include "util.h"
+
+class SuperFlashHelper final {
+  public:
+    explicit SuperFlashHelper(const ImageSource& source);
+
+    bool Open(android::base::borrowed_fd fd);
+    bool IncludeInSuper(const std::string& partition);
+    bool AddPartition(const std::string& partition, const std::string& image_name, bool optional);
+
+    // Note: the SparsePtr if non-null should not outlive SuperFlashHelper, since
+    // it depends on open fds and data pointers.
+    SparsePtr GetSparseLayout();
+
+    bool WillFlash(const std::string& partition) const {
+        return will_flash_.find(partition) != will_flash_.end();
+    }
+
+  private:
+    const ImageSource& source_;
+    android::fs_mgr::SuperLayoutBuilder builder_;
+    std::unique_ptr<android::fs_mgr::LpMetadata> base_metadata_;
+    std::vector<android::fs_mgr::SuperImageExtent> extents_;
+
+    // Cache open image fds. This keeps them alive while we flash the sparse
+    // file.
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, android::base::unique_fd> image_fds_;
+    std::unordered_set<std::string> will_flash_;
+};
diff --git a/fastboot/util.cpp b/fastboot/util.cpp
index 900d6ea..ded54a5 100644
--- a/fastboot/util.cpp
+++ b/fastboot/util.cpp
@@ -30,11 +30,13 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-
+#include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 
 #include "util.h"
 
+using android::base::borrowed_fd;
+
 static bool g_verbose = false;
 
 double now() {
@@ -73,3 +75,34 @@
     }
     fprintf(stderr, "\n");
 }
+
+bool should_flash_in_userspace(const android::fs_mgr::LpMetadata& metadata,
+                               const std::string& partition_name) {
+    for (const auto& partition : metadata.partitions) {
+        auto candidate = android::fs_mgr::GetPartitionName(partition);
+        if (partition.attributes & LP_PARTITION_ATTR_SLOT_SUFFIXED) {
+            // On retrofit devices, we don't know if, or whether, the A or B
+            // slot has been flashed for dynamic partitions. Instead we add
+            // both names to the list as a conservative guess.
+            if (candidate + "_a" == partition_name || candidate + "_b" == partition_name) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        } else if (candidate == partition_name) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool is_sparse_file(borrowed_fd fd) {
+    SparsePtr s(sparse_file_import(fd.get(), false, false), sparse_file_destroy);
+    return !!s;
+}
+
+int64_t get_file_size(borrowed_fd fd) {
+    struct stat sb;
+    if (fstat(fd.get(), &sb) == -1) {
+        die("could not get file size");
+    }
+    return sb.st_size;
+}
diff --git a/fastboot/util.h b/fastboot/util.h
index c719df2..290d0d5 100644
--- a/fastboot/util.h
+++ b/fastboot/util.h
@@ -4,8 +4,14 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 
 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <bootimg.h>
+#include <liblp/liblp.h>
+#include <sparse/sparse.h>
+
+using SparsePtr = std::unique_ptr<sparse_file, decltype(&sparse_file_destroy)>;
 
 /* util stuff */
 double now();
@@ -19,3 +25,15 @@
 void verbose(const char* fmt, ...) __attribute__((__format__(__printf__, 1, 2)));
 
 void die(const std::string& str) __attribute__((__noreturn__));
+
+bool should_flash_in_userspace(const android::fs_mgr::LpMetadata& metadata,
+                               const std::string& partition_name);
+bool is_sparse_file(android::base::borrowed_fd fd);
+int64_t get_file_size(android::base::borrowed_fd fd);
+
+class ImageSource {
+  public:
+    virtual ~ImageSource(){};
+    virtual bool ReadFile(const std::string& name, std::vector<char>* out) const = 0;
+    virtual android::base::unique_fd OpenFile(const std::string& name) const = 0;
+};
diff --git a/fs_mgr/libfiemap/metadata.cpp b/fs_mgr/libfiemap/metadata.cpp
index b0dfb5c..22b8afb 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/libfiemap/metadata.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/libfiemap/metadata.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 namespace fiemap {
 
 using namespace android::fs_mgr;
+using android::base::unique_fd;
 
 static constexpr uint32_t kMaxMetadataSize = 256 * 1024;
 
@@ -109,10 +110,18 @@
     if (exported->partitions.empty() && android::base::RemoveFileIfExists(metadata_file)) {
         return true;
     }
-    if (!WriteToImageFile(metadata_file, *exported.get())) {
+
+    unique_fd fd(open(metadata_file.c_str(), O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_TRUNC | O_CLOEXEC | O_BINARY | O_SYNC, 0644));
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "open failed: " << metadata_file;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!WriteToImageFile(fd, *exported.get())) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Unable to save new metadata";
         return false;
     }
+
     return true;
 }
 
diff --git a/fs_mgr/libfs_avb/avb_ops.cpp b/fs_mgr/libfs_avb/avb_ops.cpp
index 088749d..a119bfc 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/libfs_avb/avb_ops.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/libfs_avb/avb_ops.cpp
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@
     }
     int err = ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, out_size_num_byte);
     if (err) {
-        out_size_num_byte = 0;
+        *out_size_num_byte = 0;
         return AVB_IO_RESULT_ERROR_IO;
     }
     return AVB_IO_RESULT_OK;
diff --git a/fs_mgr/liblp/Android.bp b/fs_mgr/liblp/Android.bp
index 4b81c2c..996ffd7 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/liblp/Android.bp
+++ b/fs_mgr/liblp/Android.bp
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
     ],
     srcs: [
         "builder.cpp",
+        "super_layout_builder.cpp",
         "images.cpp",
         "partition_opener.cpp",
         "property_fetcher.cpp",
@@ -62,17 +63,6 @@
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
 }
 
-filegroup {
-    name: "liblp_test_srcs",
-    srcs: [
-        "builder_test.cpp",
-        "device_test.cpp",
-        "io_test.cpp",
-        "test_partition_opener.cpp",
-        "utility_test.cpp",
-    ],
-}
-
 cc_defaults {
     name: "liblp_test_defaults",
     defaults: ["fs_mgr_defaults"],
@@ -82,22 +72,39 @@
     static_libs: [
         "libcutils",
         "libgmock",
-        "libfs_mgr",
         "liblp",
         "libcrypto_static",
     ] + liblp_lib_deps,
     header_libs: [
         "libstorage_literals_headers",
     ],
+    target: {
+        android: {
+            srcs: [
+                "device_test.cpp",
+                "io_test.cpp",
+            ],
+            static_libs: [
+                "libfs_mgr",
+            ],
+        }
+    },
     stl: "libc++_static",
-    srcs: [":liblp_test_srcs"],
+    srcs: [
+        "builder_test.cpp",
+        "super_layout_builder_test.cpp",
+        "test_partition_opener.cpp",
+        "utility_test.cpp",
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
     name: "liblp_test",
     defaults: ["liblp_test_defaults"],
-    test_config: "liblp_test.xml",
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
+    auto_gen_config: true,
+    require_root: true,
+    host_supported: true
 }
 
 cc_test {
diff --git a/fs_mgr/liblp/include/liblp/super_layout_builder.h b/fs_mgr/liblp/include/liblp/super_layout_builder.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d920855
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs_mgr/liblp/include/liblp/super_layout_builder.h
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+#pragma once
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <liblp/builder.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace fs_mgr {
+
+struct SuperImageExtent {
+    enum class Type { INVALID, DATA, PARTITION, ZERO, DONTCARE };
+
+    SuperImageExtent(const SuperImageExtent& other) = default;
+    SuperImageExtent(SuperImageExtent&& other) = default;
+    SuperImageExtent(uint64_t offset, uint64_t size, Type type)
+        : offset(offset), size(size), type(type) {}
+
+    SuperImageExtent(uint64_t offset, std::shared_ptr<std::string> blob)
+        : SuperImageExtent(offset, blob->size(), Type::DATA) {
+        this->blob = blob;
+    }
+
+    SuperImageExtent(uint64_t offset, uint64_t size, const std::string& image_name,
+                     uint64_t image_offset)
+        : SuperImageExtent(offset, size, Type::PARTITION) {
+        this->image_name = image_name;
+        this->image_offset = image_offset;
+    }
+
+    SuperImageExtent& operator=(const SuperImageExtent& other) = default;
+    SuperImageExtent& operator=(SuperImageExtent&& other) = default;
+
+    bool operator<(const SuperImageExtent& other) const { return offset < other.offset; }
+    bool operator==(const SuperImageExtent& other) const;
+
+    // Location, size, and type of the extent.
+    uint64_t offset = 0;
+    uint64_t size = 0;
+    Type type = Type::INVALID;
+
+    // If type == DATA, this contains the bytes to write.
+    std::shared_ptr<std::string> blob;
+    // If type == PARTITION, this contains the partition image name and
+    // offset within that file.
+    std::string image_name;
+    uint64_t image_offset = 0;
+};
+
+// The SuperLayoutBuilder allows building a sparse view of a super image. This
+// is useful for efficient flashing, eg to bypass fastbootd and directly flash
+// super without physically building and storing the image.
+class SuperLayoutBuilder final {
+  public:
+    // Open a super_empty.img, return false on failure. This must be called to
+    // initialize the tool. If it returns false, either the image failed to
+    // parse, or the tool is not compatible with how the device is configured
+    // (in which case fastbootd should be preferred).
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Open(android::base::borrowed_fd fd);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Open(const void* data, size_t bytes);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Open(const LpMetadata& metadata);
+
+    // Add a partition's image and size to the work list. If false is returned,
+    // there was either a duplicate partition or not enough space in super.
+    bool AddPartition(const std::string& partition_name, const std::string& image_name,
+                      uint64_t partition_size);
+
+    // Return the list of extents describing the super image. If this list is
+    // empty, then there was an unrecoverable error in building the list.
+    std::vector<SuperImageExtent> GetImageLayout();
+
+    // Return the current metadata.
+    std::unique_ptr<LpMetadata> Export() const { return builder_->Export(); }
+
+  private:
+    std::unique_ptr<MetadataBuilder> builder_;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> image_map_;
+};
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& stream, const SuperImageExtent& extent);
+
+}  // namespace fs_mgr
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/fs_mgr/liblp/liblp_test.xml b/fs_mgr/liblp/liblp_test.xml
deleted file mode 100644
index 98414b1..0000000
--- a/fs_mgr/liblp/liblp_test.xml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
-<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
-
-     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-     You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
-          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
-     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-     limitations under the License.
--->
-<configuration description="Config for liblp_test">
-    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer"/>
-    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
-        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
-        <option name="push" value="liblp_test->/data/local/tmp/liblp_test" />
-    </target_preparer>
-    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
-        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
-        <option name="module-name" value="liblp_test" />
-    </test>
-</configuration>
diff --git a/fs_mgr/liblp/super_layout_builder.cpp b/fs_mgr/liblp/super_layout_builder.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37f28e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs_mgr/liblp/super_layout_builder.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+#include <liblp/super_layout_builder.h>
+
+#include <liblp/liblp.h>
+
+#include "images.h"
+#include "utility.h"
+#include "writer.h"
+
+using android::base::borrowed_fd;
+using android::base::unique_fd;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace fs_mgr {
+
+bool SuperLayoutBuilder::Open(borrowed_fd fd) {
+    auto metadata = ReadFromImageFile(fd.get());
+    if (!metadata) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return Open(*metadata.get());
+}
+
+bool SuperLayoutBuilder::Open(const void* data, size_t size) {
+    auto metadata = ReadFromImageBlob(data, size);
+    if (!metadata) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return Open(*metadata.get());
+}
+
+bool SuperLayoutBuilder::Open(const LpMetadata& metadata) {
+    for (const auto& partition : metadata.partitions) {
+        if (partition.attributes & LP_PARTITION_ATTR_SLOT_SUFFIXED) {
+            // Retrofit devices are not supported.
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!(partition.attributes & LP_PARTITION_ATTR_READONLY)) {
+            // Writable partitions are not supported.
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!metadata.extents.empty()) {
+        // Partitions that already have extents are not supported (should
+        // never be true of super_empty.img).
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (metadata.block_devices.size() != 1) {
+        // Only one "super" is supported.
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    builder_ = MetadataBuilder::New(metadata);
+    return !!builder_;
+}
+
+bool SuperLayoutBuilder::AddPartition(const std::string& partition_name,
+                                      const std::string& image_name, uint64_t partition_size) {
+    auto p = builder_->FindPartition(partition_name);
+    if (!p) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!builder_->ResizePartition(p, partition_size)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    image_map_.emplace(partition_name, image_name);
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Fill the space between each extent, if any, with either a fill or dontcare
+// extent. The caller constructs a sample extent to re-use.
+static bool AddGapExtents(std::vector<SuperImageExtent>* extents, SuperImageExtent::Type gap_type) {
+    std::vector<SuperImageExtent> old = std::move(*extents);
+    std::sort(old.begin(), old.end());
+
+    *extents = {};
+
+    uint64_t current_offset = 0;
+    for (const auto& extent : old) {
+        // Check for overlapping extents - this would be a serious error.
+        if (current_offset > extent.offset) {
+            LOG(INFO) << "Overlapping extents detected; cannot layout temporary super image";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (extent.offset != current_offset) {
+            uint64_t gap_size = extent.offset - current_offset;
+            extents->emplace_back(current_offset, gap_size, gap_type);
+            current_offset = extent.offset;
+        }
+
+        extents->emplace_back(extent);
+        current_offset += extent.size;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+std::vector<SuperImageExtent> SuperLayoutBuilder::GetImageLayout() {
+    auto metadata = builder_->Export();
+    if (!metadata) {
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    std::vector<SuperImageExtent> extents;
+
+    // Write the primary and backup copies of geometry.
+    std::string geometry_bytes = SerializeGeometry(metadata->geometry);
+    auto blob = std::make_shared<std::string>(std::move(geometry_bytes));
+
+    extents.emplace_back(0, GetPrimaryGeometryOffset(), SuperImageExtent::Type::ZERO);
+    extents.emplace_back(GetPrimaryGeometryOffset(), blob);
+    extents.emplace_back(GetBackupGeometryOffset(), blob);
+
+    // Write the primary and backup copies of each metadata slot. When flashing,
+    // all metadata copies are the same, even for different slots.
+    std::string metadata_bytes = SerializeMetadata(*metadata.get());
+
+    // Align metadata size to 4KB. This makes the layout easily compatible with
+    // libsparse.
+    static constexpr size_t kSparseAlignment = 4096;
+    size_t metadata_aligned_bytes;
+    if (!AlignTo(metadata_bytes.size(), kSparseAlignment, &metadata_aligned_bytes)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Unable to align metadata size " << metadata_bytes.size() << " to "
+                   << kSparseAlignment;
+        return {};
+    }
+    metadata_bytes.resize(metadata_aligned_bytes, '\0');
+
+    // However, alignment can cause larger-than-supported metadata blocks. Fall
+    // back to fastbootd/update-super.
+    if (metadata_bytes.size() > metadata->geometry.metadata_max_size) {
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << "Aligned metadata size " << metadata_bytes.size()
+                     << " is larger than maximum metadata size "
+                     << metadata->geometry.metadata_max_size;
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    blob = std::make_shared<std::string>(std::move(metadata_bytes));
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < metadata->geometry.metadata_slot_count; i++) {
+        int64_t metadata_primary = GetPrimaryMetadataOffset(metadata->geometry, i);
+        int64_t metadata_backup = GetBackupMetadataOffset(metadata->geometry, i);
+        extents.emplace_back(metadata_primary, blob);
+        extents.emplace_back(metadata_backup, blob);
+    }
+
+    // Add extents for each partition.
+    for (const auto& partition : metadata->partitions) {
+        auto partition_name = GetPartitionName(partition);
+        auto image_name_iter = image_map_.find(partition_name);
+        if (image_name_iter == image_map_.end()) {
+            if (partition.num_extents != 0) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Partition " << partition_name
+                           << " has extents but no image filename";
+                return {};
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+        const auto& image_name = image_name_iter->second;
+
+        uint64_t image_offset = 0;
+        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < partition.num_extents; i++) {
+            const auto& e = metadata->extents[partition.first_extent_index + i];
+
+            if (e.target_type != LP_TARGET_TYPE_LINEAR) {
+                // Any type other than LINEAR isn't understood here. We don't even
+                // bother with ZERO, which is never generated.
+                LOG(INFO) << "Unknown extent type from liblp: " << e.target_type;
+                return {};
+            }
+
+            size_t size = e.num_sectors * LP_SECTOR_SIZE;
+            uint64_t super_offset = e.target_data * LP_SECTOR_SIZE;
+            extents.emplace_back(super_offset, size, image_name, image_offset);
+
+            image_offset += size;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!AddGapExtents(&extents, SuperImageExtent::Type::DONTCARE)) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    return extents;
+}
+
+bool SuperImageExtent::operator==(const SuperImageExtent& other) const {
+    if (offset != other.offset) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (size != other.size) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (type != other.type) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    switch (type) {
+        case Type::DATA:
+            return *blob == *other.blob;
+        case Type::PARTITION:
+            return image_name == other.image_name && image_offset == other.image_offset;
+        default:
+            return true;
+    }
+}
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& stream, const SuperImageExtent& extent) {
+    stream << "extent:" << extent.offset << ":" << extent.size << ":";
+    switch (extent.type) {
+        case SuperImageExtent::Type::DATA:
+            stream << "data";
+            break;
+        case SuperImageExtent::Type::PARTITION:
+            stream << "partition:" << extent.image_name << ":" << extent.image_offset;
+            break;
+        case SuperImageExtent::Type::ZERO:
+            stream << "zero";
+            break;
+        case SuperImageExtent::Type::DONTCARE:
+            stream << "dontcare";
+            break;
+        default:
+            stream << "invalid";
+    }
+    return stream;
+}
+
+}  // namespace fs_mgr
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/fs_mgr/liblp/super_layout_builder_test.cpp b/fs_mgr/liblp/super_layout_builder_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..714b6b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs_mgr/liblp/super_layout_builder_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <liblp/builder.h>
+#include <liblp/super_layout_builder.h>
+#include <storage_literals/storage_literals.h>
+
+#include "images.h"
+#include "writer.h"
+
+using namespace android::fs_mgr;
+using namespace android::storage_literals;
+
+TEST(SuperImageTool, Layout) {
+    auto builder = MetadataBuilder::New(4_MiB, 8_KiB, 2);
+    ASSERT_NE(builder, nullptr);
+
+    Partition* p = builder->AddPartition("system_a", LP_PARTITION_ATTR_READONLY);
+    ASSERT_NE(p, nullptr);
+
+    auto metadata = builder->Export();
+    ASSERT_NE(metadata, nullptr);
+
+    SuperLayoutBuilder tool;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(tool.Open(*metadata.get()));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(tool.AddPartition("system_a", "system.img", 16_KiB));
+
+    // Get a copy of the metadata we'd expect if flashing.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(builder->ResizePartition(p, 16_KiB));
+    metadata = builder->Export();
+    ASSERT_NE(metadata, nullptr);
+
+    auto geometry_blob = std::make_shared<std::string>(SerializeGeometry(metadata->geometry));
+    auto metadata_blob = std::make_shared<std::string>(SerializeMetadata(*metadata.get()));
+    metadata_blob->resize(4_KiB, '\0');
+
+    auto extents = tool.GetImageLayout();
+    ASSERT_EQ(extents.size(), 12);
+    EXPECT_EQ(extents[0], SuperImageExtent(0, 4096, SuperImageExtent::Type::ZERO));
+    EXPECT_EQ(extents[1], SuperImageExtent(4096, geometry_blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(extents[2], SuperImageExtent(8192, geometry_blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(extents[3], SuperImageExtent(12288, metadata_blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(extents[4], SuperImageExtent(16384, 4096, SuperImageExtent::Type::DONTCARE));
+    EXPECT_EQ(extents[5], SuperImageExtent(20480, metadata_blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(extents[6], SuperImageExtent(24576, 4096, SuperImageExtent::Type::DONTCARE));
+    EXPECT_EQ(extents[7], SuperImageExtent(28672, metadata_blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(extents[8], SuperImageExtent(32768, 4096, SuperImageExtent::Type::DONTCARE));
+    EXPECT_EQ(extents[9], SuperImageExtent(36864, metadata_blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(extents[10], SuperImageExtent(40960, 4096, SuperImageExtent::Type::DONTCARE));
+    EXPECT_EQ(extents[11], SuperImageExtent(45056, 16384, "system.img", 0));
+}
+
+TEST(SuperImageTool, NoWritablePartitions) {
+    auto builder = MetadataBuilder::New(4_MiB, 8_KiB, 2);
+    ASSERT_NE(builder, nullptr);
+
+    Partition* p = builder->AddPartition("system_a", 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(p, nullptr);
+
+    auto metadata = builder->Export();
+    ASSERT_NE(metadata, nullptr);
+
+    SuperLayoutBuilder tool;
+    ASSERT_FALSE(tool.Open(*metadata.get()));
+}
+
+TEST(SuperImageTool, NoRetrofit) {
+    auto builder = MetadataBuilder::New(4_MiB, 8_KiB, 2);
+    ASSERT_NE(builder, nullptr);
+
+    Partition* p = builder->AddPartition("system_a", LP_PARTITION_ATTR_READONLY);
+    ASSERT_NE(p, nullptr);
+
+    auto metadata = builder->Export();
+    ASSERT_NE(metadata, nullptr);
+
+    // Add an extra block device.
+    metadata->block_devices.emplace_back(metadata->block_devices[0]);
+
+    SuperLayoutBuilder tool;
+    ASSERT_FALSE(tool.Open(*metadata.get()));
+}
+
+TEST(SuperImageTool, NoRetrofit2) {
+    auto builder = MetadataBuilder::New(4_MiB, 8_KiB, 2);
+    ASSERT_NE(builder, nullptr);
+
+    Partition* p = builder->AddPartition(
+            "system_a", LP_PARTITION_ATTR_READONLY | LP_PARTITION_ATTR_SLOT_SUFFIXED);
+    ASSERT_NE(p, nullptr);
+
+    auto metadata = builder->Export();
+    ASSERT_NE(metadata, nullptr);
+
+    SuperLayoutBuilder tool;
+    ASSERT_FALSE(tool.Open(*metadata.get()));
+}
+
+TEST(SuperImageTool, NoFixedPartitions) {
+    auto builder = MetadataBuilder::New(4_MiB, 8_KiB, 2);
+    ASSERT_NE(builder, nullptr);
+
+    Partition* p = builder->AddPartition("system_a", LP_PARTITION_ATTR_READONLY);
+    ASSERT_NE(p, nullptr);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(builder->ResizePartition(p, 4_KiB));
+
+    auto metadata = builder->Export();
+    ASSERT_NE(metadata, nullptr);
+
+    SuperLayoutBuilder tool;
+    ASSERT_FALSE(tool.Open(*metadata.get()));
+}
+
+TEST(SuperImageTool, LargeAlignedMetadata) {
+    auto builder = MetadataBuilder::New(4_MiB, 512, 2);
+    ASSERT_NE(builder, nullptr);
+
+    auto metadata = builder->Export();
+    ASSERT_NE(metadata, nullptr);
+
+    SuperLayoutBuilder tool;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(tool.Open(*metadata.get()));
+
+    auto extents = tool.GetImageLayout();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(extents.empty());
+}
diff --git a/init/init.cpp b/init/init.cpp
index 4262191..f964c60 100644
--- a/init/init.cpp
+++ b/init/init.cpp
@@ -952,6 +952,8 @@
     InitKernelLogging(argv);
     LOG(INFO) << "init second stage started!";
 
+    SelinuxSetupKernelLogging();
+
     // Update $PATH in the case the second stage init is newer than first stage init, where it is
     // first set.
     if (setenv("PATH", _PATH_DEFPATH, 1) != 0) {
@@ -1012,7 +1014,6 @@
     MountExtraFilesystems();
 
     // Now set up SELinux for second stage.
-    SelinuxSetupKernelLogging();
     SelabelInitialize();
     SelinuxRestoreContext();
 
diff --git a/libcutils/sched_policy_test.cpp b/libcutils/sched_policy_test.cpp
index b9e2832..50bd6d0 100644
--- a/libcutils/sched_policy_test.cpp
+++ b/libcutils/sched_policy_test.cpp
@@ -75,9 +75,11 @@
     }
 
     ASSERT_EQ(0, set_sched_policy(0, SP_BACKGROUND));
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, set_cpuset_policy(0, SP_BACKGROUND));
     AssertPolicy(SP_BACKGROUND);
 
     ASSERT_EQ(0, set_sched_policy(0, SP_FOREGROUND));
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, set_cpuset_policy(0, SP_FOREGROUND));
     AssertPolicy(SP_FOREGROUND);
 }