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/*
*
* Copyright 2014 gRPC authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*
*/
package transport
import (
"bufio"
"encoding/base64"
"errors"
"fmt"
"io"
"math"
"net"
"net/http"
"net/url"
"strconv"
"strings"
"sync"
"time"
"unicode/utf8"
"golang.org/x/net/http2"
"golang.org/x/net/http2/hpack"
"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
)
const (
// http2MaxFrameLen specifies the max length of a HTTP2 frame.
http2MaxFrameLen = 16384 // 16KB frame
// https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc7540.html#SettingValues
http2InitHeaderTableSize = 4096
)
var (
clientPreface = []byte(http2.ClientPreface)
http2ErrConvTab = map[http2.ErrCode]codes.Code{
http2.ErrCodeNo: codes.Internal,
http2.ErrCodeProtocol: codes.Internal,
http2.ErrCodeInternal: codes.Internal,
http2.ErrCodeFlowControl: codes.ResourceExhausted,
http2.ErrCodeSettingsTimeout: codes.Internal,
http2.ErrCodeStreamClosed: codes.Internal,
http2.ErrCodeFrameSize: codes.Internal,
http2.ErrCodeRefusedStream: codes.Unavailable,
http2.ErrCodeCancel: codes.Canceled,
http2.ErrCodeCompression: codes.Internal,
http2.ErrCodeConnect: codes.Internal,
http2.ErrCodeEnhanceYourCalm: codes.ResourceExhausted,
http2.ErrCodeInadequateSecurity: codes.PermissionDenied,
http2.ErrCodeHTTP11Required: codes.Internal,
}
// HTTPStatusConvTab is the HTTP status code to gRPC error code conversion table.
HTTPStatusConvTab = map[int]codes.Code{
// 400 Bad Request - INTERNAL.
http.StatusBadRequest: codes.Internal,
// 401 Unauthorized - UNAUTHENTICATED.
http.StatusUnauthorized: codes.Unauthenticated,
// 403 Forbidden - PERMISSION_DENIED.
http.StatusForbidden: codes.PermissionDenied,
// 404 Not Found - UNIMPLEMENTED.
http.StatusNotFound: codes.Unimplemented,
// 429 Too Many Requests - UNAVAILABLE.
http.StatusTooManyRequests: codes.Unavailable,
// 502 Bad Gateway - UNAVAILABLE.
http.StatusBadGateway: codes.Unavailable,
// 503 Service Unavailable - UNAVAILABLE.
http.StatusServiceUnavailable: codes.Unavailable,
// 504 Gateway timeout - UNAVAILABLE.
http.StatusGatewayTimeout: codes.Unavailable,
}
)
var grpcStatusDetailsBinHeader = "grpc-status-details-bin"
// isReservedHeader checks whether hdr belongs to HTTP2 headers
// reserved by gRPC protocol. Any other headers are classified as the
// user-specified metadata.
func isReservedHeader(hdr string) bool {
if hdr != "" && hdr[0] == ':' {
return true
}
switch hdr {
case "content-type",
"user-agent",
"grpc-message-type",
"grpc-encoding",
"grpc-message",
"grpc-status",
"grpc-timeout",
// Intentionally exclude grpc-previous-rpc-attempts and
// grpc-retry-pushback-ms, which are "reserved", but their API
// intentionally works via metadata.
"te":
return true
default:
return false
}
}
// isWhitelistedHeader checks whether hdr should be propagated into metadata
// visible to users, even though it is classified as "reserved", above.
func isWhitelistedHeader(hdr string) bool {
switch hdr {
case ":authority", "user-agent":
return true
default:
return false
}
}
const binHdrSuffix = "-bin"
func encodeBinHeader(v []byte) string {
return base64.RawStdEncoding.EncodeToString(v)
}
func decodeBinHeader(v string) ([]byte, error) {
if len(v)%4 == 0 {
// Input was padded, or padding was not necessary.
return base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(v)
}
return base64.RawStdEncoding.DecodeString(v)
}
func encodeMetadataHeader(k, v string) string {
if strings.HasSuffix(k, binHdrSuffix) {
return encodeBinHeader(([]byte)(v))
}
return v
}
func decodeMetadataHeader(k, v string) (string, error) {
if strings.HasSuffix(k, binHdrSuffix) {
b, err := decodeBinHeader(v)
return string(b), err
}
return v, nil
}
type timeoutUnit uint8
const (
hour timeoutUnit = 'H'
minute timeoutUnit = 'M'
second timeoutUnit = 'S'
millisecond timeoutUnit = 'm'
microsecond timeoutUnit = 'u'
nanosecond timeoutUnit = 'n'
)
func timeoutUnitToDuration(u timeoutUnit) (d time.Duration, ok bool) {
switch u {
case hour:
return time.Hour, true
case minute:
return time.Minute, true
case second:
return time.Second, true
case millisecond:
return time.Millisecond, true
case microsecond:
return time.Microsecond, true
case nanosecond:
return time.Nanosecond, true
default:
}
return
}
func decodeTimeout(s string) (time.Duration, error) {
size := len(s)
if size < 2 {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("transport: timeout string is too short: %q", s)
}
if size > 9 {
// Spec allows for 8 digits plus the unit.
return 0, fmt.Errorf("transport: timeout string is too long: %q", s)
}
unit := timeoutUnit(s[size-1])
d, ok := timeoutUnitToDuration(unit)
if !ok {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("transport: timeout unit is not recognized: %q", s)
}
t, err := strconv.ParseInt(s[:size-1], 10, 64)
if err != nil {
return 0, err
}
const maxHours = math.MaxInt64 / int64(time.Hour)
if d == time.Hour && t > maxHours {
// This timeout would overflow math.MaxInt64; clamp it.
return time.Duration(math.MaxInt64), nil
}
return d * time.Duration(t), nil
}
const (
spaceByte = ' '
tildeByte = '~'
percentByte = '%'
)
// encodeGrpcMessage is used to encode status code in header field
// "grpc-message". It does percent encoding and also replaces invalid utf-8
// characters with Unicode replacement character.
//
// It checks to see if each individual byte in msg is an allowable byte, and
// then either percent encoding or passing it through. When percent encoding,
// the byte is converted into hexadecimal notation with a '%' prepended.
func encodeGrpcMessage(msg string) string {
if msg == "" {
return ""
}
lenMsg := len(msg)
for i := 0; i < lenMsg; i++ {
c := msg[i]
if !(c >= spaceByte && c <= tildeByte && c != percentByte) {
return encodeGrpcMessageUnchecked(msg)
}
}
return msg
}
func encodeGrpcMessageUnchecked(msg string) string {
var sb strings.Builder
for len(msg) > 0 {
r, size := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(msg)
for _, b := range []byte(string(r)) {
if size > 1 {
// If size > 1, r is not ascii. Always do percent encoding.
fmt.Fprintf(&sb, "%%%02X", b)
continue
}
// The for loop is necessary even if size == 1. r could be
// utf8.RuneError.
//
// fmt.Sprintf("%%%02X", utf8.RuneError) gives "%FFFD".
if b >= spaceByte && b <= tildeByte && b != percentByte {
sb.WriteByte(b)
} else {
fmt.Fprintf(&sb, "%%%02X", b)
}
}
msg = msg[size:]
}
return sb.String()
}
// decodeGrpcMessage decodes the msg encoded by encodeGrpcMessage.
func decodeGrpcMessage(msg string) string {
if msg == "" {
return ""
}
lenMsg := len(msg)
for i := 0; i < lenMsg; i++ {
if msg[i] == percentByte && i+2 < lenMsg {
return decodeGrpcMessageUnchecked(msg)
}
}
return msg
}
func decodeGrpcMessageUnchecked(msg string) string {
var sb strings.Builder
lenMsg := len(msg)
for i := 0; i < lenMsg; i++ {
c := msg[i]
if c == percentByte && i+2 < lenMsg {
parsed, err := strconv.ParseUint(msg[i+1:i+3], 16, 8)
if err != nil {
sb.WriteByte(c)
} else {
sb.WriteByte(byte(parsed))
i += 2
}
} else {
sb.WriteByte(c)
}
}
return sb.String()
}
type bufWriter struct {
pool *sync.Pool
buf []byte
offset int
batchSize int
conn net.Conn
err error
}
func newBufWriter(conn net.Conn, batchSize int, pool *sync.Pool) *bufWriter {
w := &bufWriter{
batchSize: batchSize,
conn: conn,
pool: pool,
}
// this indicates that we should use non shared buf
if pool == nil {
w.buf = make([]byte, batchSize)
}
return w
}
func (w *bufWriter) Write(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
if w.err != nil {
return 0, w.err
}
if w.batchSize == 0 { // Buffer has been disabled.
n, err = w.conn.Write(b)
return n, toIOError(err)
}
if w.buf == nil {
b := w.pool.Get().(*[]byte)
w.buf = *b
}
for len(b) > 0 {
nn := copy(w.buf[w.offset:], b)
b = b[nn:]
w.offset += nn
n += nn
if w.offset >= w.batchSize {
err = w.flushKeepBuffer()
}
}
return n, err
}
func (w *bufWriter) Flush() error {
err := w.flushKeepBuffer()
// Only release the buffer if we are in a "shared" mode
if w.buf != nil && w.pool != nil {
b := w.buf
w.pool.Put(&b)
w.buf = nil
}
return err
}
func (w *bufWriter) flushKeepBuffer() error {
if w.err != nil {
return w.err
}
if w.offset == 0 {
return nil
}
_, w.err = w.conn.Write(w.buf[:w.offset])
w.err = toIOError(w.err)
w.offset = 0
return w.err
}
type ioError struct {
error
}
func (i ioError) Unwrap() error {
return i.error
}
func isIOError(err error) bool {
return errors.As(err, &ioError{})
}
func toIOError(err error) error {
if err == nil {
return nil
}
return ioError{error: err}
}
type framer struct {
writer *bufWriter
fr *http2.Framer
}
var writeBufferPoolMap map[int]*sync.Pool = make(map[int]*sync.Pool)
var writeBufferMutex sync.Mutex
func newFramer(conn net.Conn, writeBufferSize, readBufferSize int, sharedWriteBuffer bool, maxHeaderListSize uint32) *framer {
if writeBufferSize < 0 {
writeBufferSize = 0
}
var r io.Reader = conn
if readBufferSize > 0 {
r = bufio.NewReaderSize(r, readBufferSize)
}
var pool *sync.Pool
if sharedWriteBuffer {
pool = getWriteBufferPool(writeBufferSize)
}
w := newBufWriter(conn, writeBufferSize, pool)
f := &framer{
writer: w,
fr: http2.NewFramer(w, r),
}
f.fr.SetMaxReadFrameSize(http2MaxFrameLen)
// Opt-in to Frame reuse API on framer to reduce garbage.
// Frames aren't safe to read from after a subsequent call to ReadFrame.
f.fr.SetReuseFrames()
f.fr.MaxHeaderListSize = maxHeaderListSize
f.fr.ReadMetaHeaders = hpack.NewDecoder(http2InitHeaderTableSize, nil)
return f
}
func getWriteBufferPool(writeBufferSize int) *sync.Pool {
writeBufferMutex.Lock()
defer writeBufferMutex.Unlock()
size := writeBufferSize * 2
pool, ok := writeBufferPoolMap[size]
if ok {
return pool
}
pool = &sync.Pool{
New: func() any {
b := make([]byte, size)
return &b
},
}
writeBufferPoolMap[size] = pool
return pool
}
// parseDialTarget returns the network and address to pass to dialer.
func parseDialTarget(target string) (string, string) {
net := "tcp"
m1 := strings.Index(target, ":")
m2 := strings.Index(target, ":/")
// handle unix:addr which will fail with url.Parse
if m1 >= 0 && m2 < 0 {
if n := target[0:m1]; n == "unix" {
return n, target[m1+1:]
}
}
if m2 >= 0 {
t, err := url.Parse(target)
if err != nil {
return net, target
}
scheme := t.Scheme
addr := t.Path
if scheme == "unix" {
if addr == "" {
addr = t.Host
}
return scheme, addr
}
}
return net, target
}