javascript/hybrid_encrypt.js

// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

goog.module('tink.HybridEncrypt');

/**
 * Interface for hybrid encryption.
 *
 * Hybrid Encryption combines the efficiency of symmetric encryption with the
 * convenience of public-key encryption: to encrypt a message a fresh symmetric
 * key is generated and used to encrypt the actual plaintext data, while the
 * recipient’s public key is used to encrypt the symmetric key only, and the
 * final ciphertext consists of the symmetric ciphertext and the encrypted
 * symmetric key.
 *
 * WARNING: Hybrid Encryption does not provide authenticity, that is the
 * recipient of an encrypted message does not know the identity of the sender.
 * Similar to general public-key encryption schemes the security goal of Hybrid
 * Encryption is to provide privacy only. In other words, Hybrid Encryption is
 * secure if and only if the recipient can accept anonymous messages or can rely
 * on other mechanisms to authenticate the sender.
 *
 * Security guarantees: The functionality of Hybrid Encryption is represented as
 * a pair of primitives (interfaces): `HybridEncrypt` for encryption of data,
 * and `HybridDecrypt` for decryption. Implementations of these interfaces are
 * secure against adaptive chosen ciphertext attacks.
 *
 * In addition to `plaintext` the encryption takes an extra, optional parameter
 * `opt_contextInfo`, which usually is public data implicit from the context,
 * but should be bound to the resulting ciphertext, i.e. the ciphertext allows
 * for checking the integrity of `opt_contextInfo` (but there are no guarantees
 * wrt. the secrecy or authenticity of `opt_contextInfo`).
 *
 * `opt_contextInfo` can be empty or null, but to ensure the correct
 * decryption of a ciphertext the same value must be provided for the decryption
 * operation as was used during encryption (cf. `HybridEncrypt`}).
 *
 * A concrete instantiation of this interface can implement the binding of
 * contextInfo to the ciphertext in various ways, for example:
 *     * use `opt_contextInfo` as "associated data"-input for the employed
 *     AEAD symmetric encryption (cf. https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5116).
 *     * use `opt_contextInfo` as "CtxInfo"-input for HKDF (if the
 * implementation uses HKDF as key derivation function, cf.
 *      https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5869).
 *
 * @record
 */
class HybridEncrypt {
  /**
   * Encryption operation: encrypts `plaintext` binding `opt_contextInfo` to the
   * resulting ciphertext.
   *
   * @param {!Uint8Array} plaintext the plaintext to be encrypted, must be
   *     non-null.
   * @param {?Uint8Array=} opt_contextInfo optional context info to be
   *     authenticated. It can be null, which is equivalent to an empty
   *     (zero-length) byte array.
   * @return {!Promise<!Uint8Array>} resulting ciphertext
   */
  encrypt(plaintext, opt_contextInfo) {}
}

goog.exportSymbol('tink.HybridEncrypt', HybridEncrypt);
exports = HybridEncrypt;