// Copyright (C) 2018-2019, Cloudflare, Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
//       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
//       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
//       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
// IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
// THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
// PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR
// CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
// EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
// PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
// PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
// NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
// SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>

#include <ev.h>
#include <uthash.h>

#include <quiche.h>

#define LOCAL_CONN_ID_LEN 16

#define MAX_DATAGRAM_SIZE 1350

#define MAX_TOKEN_LEN \
    sizeof("quiche") - 1 + \
    sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage) + \
    QUICHE_MAX_CONN_ID_LEN

struct connections {
    int sock;

    struct conn_io *h;
};

struct conn_io {
    ev_timer timer;

    int sock;

    uint8_t cid[LOCAL_CONN_ID_LEN];

    quiche_conn *conn;
    quiche_h3_conn *http3;

    struct sockaddr_storage peer_addr;
    socklen_t peer_addr_len;

    UT_hash_handle hh;
};

static quiche_config *config = NULL;

static quiche_h3_config *http3_config = NULL;

static struct connections *conns = NULL;

static void timeout_cb(EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents);

static void debug_log(const char *line, void *argp) {
    fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", line);
}

static void flush_egress(struct ev_loop *loop, struct conn_io *conn_io) {
    static uint8_t out[MAX_DATAGRAM_SIZE];

    while (1) {
        ssize_t written = quiche_conn_send(conn_io->conn, out, sizeof(out));

        if (written == QUICHE_ERR_DONE) {
            fprintf(stderr, "done writing\n");
            break;
        }

        if (written < 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, "failed to create packet: %zd\n", written);
            return;
        }

        ssize_t sent = sendto(conn_io->sock, out, written, 0,
                              (struct sockaddr *) &conn_io->peer_addr,
                              conn_io->peer_addr_len);
        if (sent != written) {
            perror("failed to send");
            return;
        }

        fprintf(stderr, "sent %zd bytes\n", sent);
    }

    double t = quiche_conn_timeout_as_nanos(conn_io->conn) / 1e9f;
    conn_io->timer.repeat = t;
    ev_timer_again(loop, &conn_io->timer);
}

static void mint_token(const uint8_t *dcid, size_t dcid_len,
                       struct sockaddr_storage *addr, socklen_t addr_len,
                       uint8_t *token, size_t *token_len) {
    memcpy(token, "quiche", sizeof("quiche") - 1);
    memcpy(token + sizeof("quiche") - 1, addr, addr_len);
    memcpy(token + sizeof("quiche") - 1 + addr_len, dcid, dcid_len);

    *token_len = sizeof("quiche") - 1 + addr_len + dcid_len;
}

static bool validate_token(const uint8_t *token, size_t token_len,
                           struct sockaddr_storage *addr, socklen_t addr_len,
                           uint8_t *odcid, size_t *odcid_len) {
    if ((token_len < sizeof("quiche") - 1) ||
         memcmp(token, "quiche", sizeof("quiche") - 1)) {
        return false;
    }

    token += sizeof("quiche") - 1;
    token_len -= sizeof("quiche") - 1;

    if ((token_len < addr_len) || memcmp(token, addr, addr_len)) {
        return false;
    }

    token += addr_len;
    token_len -= addr_len;

    if (*odcid_len < token_len) {
        return false;
    }

    memcpy(odcid, token, token_len);
    *odcid_len = token_len;

    return true;
}

static uint8_t *gen_cid(uint8_t *cid, size_t cid_len) {
    int rng = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY);
    if (rng < 0) {
        perror("failed to open /dev/urandom");
        return NULL;
    }

    ssize_t rand_len = read(rng, cid, cid_len);
    if (rand_len < 0) {
        perror("failed to create connection ID");
        return NULL;
    }

    return cid;
}

static struct conn_io *create_conn(uint8_t *scid, size_t scid_len,
                                   uint8_t *odcid, size_t odcid_len) {
    struct conn_io *conn_io = calloc(1, sizeof(*conn_io));
    if (conn_io == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "failed to allocate connection IO\n");
        return NULL;
    }

    if (scid_len != LOCAL_CONN_ID_LEN) {
        fprintf(stderr, "failed, scid length too short\n");
    }

    memcpy(conn_io->cid, scid, LOCAL_CONN_ID_LEN);

    quiche_conn *conn = quiche_accept(conn_io->cid, LOCAL_CONN_ID_LEN,
                                      odcid, odcid_len, config);
    if (conn == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "failed to create connection\n");
        return NULL;
    }

    conn_io->sock = conns->sock;
    conn_io->conn = conn;

    ev_init(&conn_io->timer, timeout_cb);
    conn_io->timer.data = conn_io;

    HASH_ADD(hh, conns->h, cid, LOCAL_CONN_ID_LEN, conn_io);

    fprintf(stderr, "new connection\n");

    return conn_io;
}

static int for_each_header(uint8_t *name, size_t name_len,
                           uint8_t *value, size_t value_len,
                           void *argp) {
    fprintf(stderr, "got HTTP header: %.*s=%.*s\n",
            (int) name_len, name, (int) value_len, value);

    return 0;
}

static void recv_cb(EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents) {
    struct conn_io *tmp, *conn_io = NULL;

    static uint8_t buf[65535];
    static uint8_t out[MAX_DATAGRAM_SIZE];

    while (1) {
        struct sockaddr_storage peer_addr;
        socklen_t peer_addr_len = sizeof(peer_addr);
        memset(&peer_addr, 0, peer_addr_len);

        ssize_t read = recvfrom(conns->sock, buf, sizeof(buf), 0,
                                (struct sockaddr *) &peer_addr,
                                &peer_addr_len);

        if (read < 0) {
            if ((errno == EWOULDBLOCK) || (errno == EAGAIN)) {
                fprintf(stderr, "recv would block\n");
                break;
            }

            perror("failed to read");
            return;
        }

        uint8_t type;
        uint32_t version;

        uint8_t scid[QUICHE_MAX_CONN_ID_LEN];
        size_t scid_len = sizeof(scid);

        uint8_t dcid[QUICHE_MAX_CONN_ID_LEN];
        size_t dcid_len = sizeof(dcid);

        uint8_t odcid[QUICHE_MAX_CONN_ID_LEN];
        size_t odcid_len = sizeof(odcid);

        uint8_t token[MAX_TOKEN_LEN];
        size_t token_len = sizeof(token);

        int rc = quiche_header_info(buf, read, LOCAL_CONN_ID_LEN, &version,
                                    &type, scid, &scid_len, dcid, &dcid_len,
                                    token, &token_len);
        if (rc < 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, "failed to parse header: %d\n", rc);
            return;
        }

        HASH_FIND(hh, conns->h, dcid, dcid_len, conn_io);

        if (conn_io == NULL) {
            if (!quiche_version_is_supported(version)) {
                fprintf(stderr, "version negotiation\n");

                ssize_t written = quiche_negotiate_version(scid, scid_len,
                                                           dcid, dcid_len,
                                                           out, sizeof(out));

                if (written < 0) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "failed to create vneg packet: %zd\n",
                            written);
                    continue;
                }

                ssize_t sent = sendto(conns->sock, out, written, 0,
                                      (struct sockaddr *) &peer_addr,
                                      peer_addr_len);
                if (sent != written) {
                    perror("failed to send");
                    continue;
                }

                fprintf(stderr, "sent %zd bytes\n", sent);
                continue;
            }

            if (token_len == 0) {
                fprintf(stderr, "stateless retry\n");

                mint_token(dcid, dcid_len, &peer_addr, peer_addr_len,
                           token, &token_len);

                uint8_t new_cid[LOCAL_CONN_ID_LEN];

                if (gen_cid(new_cid, LOCAL_CONN_ID_LEN) == NULL) {
                    continue;
                }

                ssize_t written = quiche_retry(scid, scid_len,
                                               dcid, dcid_len,
                                               new_cid, LOCAL_CONN_ID_LEN,
                                               token, token_len,
                                               version, out, sizeof(out));

                if (written < 0) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "failed to create retry packet: %zd\n",
                            written);
                    continue;
                }

                ssize_t sent = sendto(conns->sock, out, written, 0,
                                      (struct sockaddr *) &peer_addr,
                                      peer_addr_len);
                if (sent != written) {
                    perror("failed to send");
                    continue;
                }

                fprintf(stderr, "sent %zd bytes\n", sent);
                continue;
            }


            if (!validate_token(token, token_len, &peer_addr, peer_addr_len,
                               odcid, &odcid_len)) {
                fprintf(stderr, "invalid address validation token\n");
                continue;
            }

            conn_io = create_conn(dcid, dcid_len, odcid, odcid_len);
            if (conn_io == NULL) {
                continue;
            }

            memcpy(&conn_io->peer_addr, &peer_addr, peer_addr_len);
            conn_io->peer_addr_len = peer_addr_len;
        }

        ssize_t done = quiche_conn_recv(conn_io->conn, buf, read);

        if (done < 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, "failed to process packet: %zd\n", done);
            continue;
        }

        fprintf(stderr, "recv %zd bytes\n", done);

        if (quiche_conn_is_established(conn_io->conn)) {
            quiche_h3_event *ev;

            if (conn_io->http3 == NULL) {
                conn_io->http3 = quiche_h3_conn_new_with_transport(conn_io->conn,
                                                                   http3_config);
                if (conn_io->http3 == NULL) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "failed to create HTTP/3 connection\n");
                    continue;
                }
            }

            while (1) {
                int64_t s = quiche_h3_conn_poll(conn_io->http3,
                                                conn_io->conn,
                                                &ev);

                if (s < 0) {
                    break;
                }

                switch (quiche_h3_event_type(ev)) {
                    case QUICHE_H3_EVENT_HEADERS: {
                        int rc = quiche_h3_event_for_each_header(ev,
                                                                 for_each_header,
                                                                 NULL);

                        if (rc != 0) {
                            fprintf(stderr, "failed to process headers\n");
                        }

                        quiche_h3_header headers[] = {
                            {
                                .name = (const uint8_t *) ":status",
                                .name_len = sizeof(":status") - 1,

                                .value = (const uint8_t *) "200",
                                .value_len = sizeof("200") - 1,
                            },

                            {
                                .name = (const uint8_t *) "server",
                                .name_len = sizeof("server") - 1,

                                .value = (const uint8_t *) "quiche",
                                .value_len = sizeof("quiche") - 1,
                            },

                            {
                                .name = (const uint8_t *) "content-length",
                                .name_len = sizeof("content-length") - 1,

                                .value = (const uint8_t *) "5",
                                .value_len = sizeof("5") - 1,
                            },
                        };

                        quiche_h3_send_response(conn_io->http3, conn_io->conn,
                                                s, headers, 3, false);

                        quiche_h3_send_body(conn_io->http3, conn_io->conn,
                                            s, (uint8_t *) "byez\n", 5, true);
                        break;
                    }

                    case QUICHE_H3_EVENT_DATA: {
                        fprintf(stderr, "got HTTP data\n");
                        break;
                    }

                    case QUICHE_H3_EVENT_FINISHED:
                        break;
                }

                quiche_h3_event_free(ev);
            }
        }
    }

    HASH_ITER(hh, conns->h, conn_io, tmp) {
        flush_egress(loop, conn_io);

        if (quiche_conn_is_closed(conn_io->conn)) {
            quiche_stats stats;

            quiche_conn_stats(conn_io->conn, &stats);
            fprintf(stderr, "connection closed, recv=%zu sent=%zu lost=%zu rtt=%" PRIu64 "ns cwnd=%zu\n",
                    stats.recv, stats.sent, stats.lost, stats.rtt, stats.cwnd);

            HASH_DELETE(hh, conns->h, conn_io);

            ev_timer_stop(loop, &conn_io->timer);

            quiche_conn_free(conn_io->conn);
            free(conn_io);
        }
    }
}

static void timeout_cb(EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents) {
    struct conn_io *conn_io = w->data;
    quiche_conn_on_timeout(conn_io->conn);

    fprintf(stderr, "timeout\n");

    flush_egress(loop, conn_io);

    if (quiche_conn_is_closed(conn_io->conn)) {
        quiche_stats stats;

        quiche_conn_stats(conn_io->conn, &stats);
        fprintf(stderr, "connection closed, recv=%zu sent=%zu lost=%zu rtt=%" PRIu64 "ns cwnd=%zu\n",
                stats.recv, stats.sent, stats.lost, stats.rtt, stats.cwnd);

        HASH_DELETE(hh, conns->h, conn_io);

        ev_timer_stop(loop, &conn_io->timer);
        quiche_conn_free(conn_io->conn);
        free(conn_io);

        return;
    }
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    const char *host = argv[1];
    const char *port = argv[2];

    const struct addrinfo hints = {
        .ai_family = PF_UNSPEC,
        .ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM,
        .ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP
    };

    quiche_enable_debug_logging(debug_log, NULL);

    struct addrinfo *local;
    if (getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &local) != 0) {
        perror("failed to resolve host");
        return -1;
    }

    int sock = socket(local->ai_family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if (sock < 0) {
        perror("failed to create socket");
        return -1;
    }

    if (fcntl(sock, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK) != 0) {
        perror("failed to make socket non-blocking");
        return -1;
    }

    if (bind(sock, local->ai_addr, local->ai_addrlen) < 0) {
        perror("failed to connect socket");
        return -1;
    }

    config = quiche_config_new(QUICHE_PROTOCOL_VERSION);
    if (config == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "failed to create config\n");
        return -1;
    }

    quiche_config_load_cert_chain_from_pem_file(config, "./cert.crt");
    quiche_config_load_priv_key_from_pem_file(config, "./cert.key");

    quiche_config_set_application_protos(config,
        (uint8_t *) QUICHE_H3_APPLICATION_PROTOCOL,
        sizeof(QUICHE_H3_APPLICATION_PROTOCOL) - 1);

    quiche_config_set_max_idle_timeout(config, 5000);
    quiche_config_set_max_udp_payload_size(config, MAX_DATAGRAM_SIZE);
    quiche_config_set_initial_max_data(config, 10000000);
    quiche_config_set_initial_max_stream_data_bidi_local(config, 1000000);
    quiche_config_set_initial_max_stream_data_bidi_remote(config, 1000000);
    quiche_config_set_initial_max_stream_data_uni(config, 1000000);
    quiche_config_set_initial_max_streams_bidi(config, 100);
    quiche_config_set_initial_max_streams_uni(config, 100);
    quiche_config_set_disable_active_migration(config, true);
    quiche_config_set_cc_algorithm(config, QUICHE_CC_RENO);

    http3_config = quiche_h3_config_new();
    if (http3_config == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "failed to create HTTP/3 config\n");
        return -1;
    }

    struct connections c;
    c.sock = sock;
    c.h = NULL;

    conns = &c;

    ev_io watcher;

    struct ev_loop *loop = ev_default_loop(0);

    ev_io_init(&watcher, recv_cb, sock, EV_READ);
    ev_io_start(loop, &watcher);
    watcher.data = &c;

    ev_loop(loop, 0);

    freeaddrinfo(local);

    quiche_h3_config_free(http3_config);

    quiche_config_free(config);

    return 0;
}