hw/char/cmsdk-apb-uart.c - third_party/qemu - Git at Google

 /*
  * ARM CMSDK APB UART emulation
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2017 Linaro Limited
  * Written by Peter Maydell
  *
  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or
  *  (at your option) any later version.
  */

 /* This is a model of the "APB UART" which is part of the Cortex-M
  * System Design Kit (CMSDK) and documented in the Cortex-M System
  * Design Kit Technical Reference Manual (ARM DDI0479C):
  * https://developer.arm.com/products/system-design/system-design-kits/cortex-m-system-design-kit
  */

 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 #include "qemu/log.h"
 #include "qemu/module.h"
 #include "qapi/error.h"
 #include "trace.h"
 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
 #include "migration/vmstate.h"
 #include "hw/registerfields.h"
 #include "chardev/char-fe.h"
 #include "chardev/char-serial.h"
 #include "hw/char/cmsdk-apb-uart.h"
 #include "hw/irq.h"
 #include "hw/qdev-properties-system.h"

 REG32(DATA, 0)
 REG32(STATE, 4)
     FIELD(STATE, TXFULL, 0, 1)
     FIELD(STATE, RXFULL, 1, 1)
     FIELD(STATE, TXOVERRUN, 2, 1)
     FIELD(STATE, RXOVERRUN, 3, 1)
 REG32(CTRL, 8)
     FIELD(CTRL, TX_EN, 0, 1)
     FIELD(CTRL, RX_EN, 1, 1)
     FIELD(CTRL, TX_INTEN, 2, 1)
     FIELD(CTRL, RX_INTEN, 3, 1)
     FIELD(CTRL, TXO_INTEN, 4, 1)
     FIELD(CTRL, RXO_INTEN, 5, 1)
     FIELD(CTRL, HSTEST, 6, 1)
 REG32(INTSTATUS, 0xc)
     FIELD(INTSTATUS, TX, 0, 1)
     FIELD(INTSTATUS, RX, 1, 1)
     FIELD(INTSTATUS, TXO, 2, 1)
     FIELD(INTSTATUS, RXO, 3, 1)
 REG32(BAUDDIV, 0x10)
 REG32(PID4, 0xFD0)
 REG32(PID5, 0xFD4)
 REG32(PID6, 0xFD8)
 REG32(PID7, 0xFDC)
 REG32(PID0, 0xFE0)
 REG32(PID1, 0xFE4)
 REG32(PID2, 0xFE8)
 REG32(PID3, 0xFEC)
 REG32(CID0, 0xFF0)
 REG32(CID1, 0xFF4)
 REG32(CID2, 0xFF8)
 REG32(CID3, 0xFFC)

 /* PID/CID values */
 static const int uart_id[] = {
     0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* PID4..PID7 */
     0x21, 0xb8, 0x1b, 0x00, /* PID0..PID3 */
     0x0d, 0xf0, 0x05, 0xb1, /* CID0..CID3 */
 };

 static bool uart_baudrate_ok(CMSDKAPBUART *s)
 {
     /* The minimum permitted bauddiv setting is 16, so we just ignore
      * settings below that (usually this means the device has just
      * been reset and not yet programmed).
      */
     return s->bauddiv >= 16 && s->bauddiv <= s->pclk_frq;
 }

 static void uart_update_parameters(CMSDKAPBUART *s)
 {
     QEMUSerialSetParams ssp;

     /* This UART is always 8N1 but the baud rate is programmable. */
     if (!uart_baudrate_ok(s)) {
         return;
     }

     ssp.data_bits = 8;
     ssp.parity = 'N';
     ssp.stop_bits = 1;
     ssp.speed = s->pclk_frq / s->bauddiv;
     qemu_chr_fe_ioctl(&s->chr, CHR_IOCTL_SERIAL_SET_PARAMS, &ssp);
     trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_set_params(ssp.speed);
 }

 static void cmsdk_apb_uart_update(CMSDKAPBUART *s)
 {
     /* update outbound irqs, including handling the way the rxo and txo
      * interrupt status bits are just logical AND of the overrun bit in
      * STATE and the overrun interrupt enable bit in CTRL.
      */
     uint32_t omask = (R_INTSTATUS_RXO_MASK | R_INTSTATUS_TXO_MASK);
     s->intstatus &= ~omask;
     s->intstatus |= (s->state & (s->ctrl >> 2) & omask);

     qemu_set_irq(s->txint, !!(s->intstatus & R_INTSTATUS_TX_MASK));
     qemu_set_irq(s->rxint, !!(s->intstatus & R_INTSTATUS_RX_MASK));
     qemu_set_irq(s->txovrint, !!(s->intstatus & R_INTSTATUS_TXO_MASK));
     qemu_set_irq(s->rxovrint, !!(s->intstatus & R_INTSTATUS_RXO_MASK));
     qemu_set_irq(s->uartint, !!(s->intstatus));
 }

 static int uart_can_receive(void *opaque)
 {
     CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(opaque);

     /* We can take a char if RX is enabled and the buffer is empty */
     if (s->ctrl & R_CTRL_RX_EN_MASK && !(s->state & R_STATE_RXFULL_MASK)) {
         return 1;
     }
     return 0;
 }

 static void uart_receive(void *opaque, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
 {
     CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(opaque);

     trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_receive(*buf);

     /* In fact uart_can_receive() ensures that we can't be
      * called unless RX is enabled and the buffer is empty,
      * but we include this logic as documentation of what the
      * hardware does if a character arrives in these circumstances.
      */
     if (!(s->ctrl & R_CTRL_RX_EN_MASK)) {
         /* Just drop the character on the floor */
         return;
     }

     if (s->state & R_STATE_RXFULL_MASK) {
         s->state |= R_STATE_RXOVERRUN_MASK;
     }

     s->rxbuf = *buf;
     s->state |= R_STATE_RXFULL_MASK;
     if (s->ctrl & R_CTRL_RX_INTEN_MASK) {
         s->intstatus |= R_INTSTATUS_RX_MASK;
     }
     cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
 }

 static uint64_t uart_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
 {
     CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(opaque);
     uint64_t r;

     switch (offset) {
     case A_DATA:
         r = s->rxbuf;
         s->state &= ~R_STATE_RXFULL_MASK;
         cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
         qemu_chr_fe_accept_input(&s->chr);
         break;
     case A_STATE:
         r = s->state;
         break;
     case A_CTRL:
         r = s->ctrl;
         break;
     case A_INTSTATUS:
         r = s->intstatus;
         break;
     case A_BAUDDIV:
         r = s->bauddiv;
         break;
     case A_PID4 ... A_CID3:
         r = uart_id[(offset - A_PID4) / 4];
         break;
     default:
         qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
                       "CMSDK APB UART read: bad offset %x\n", (int) offset);
         r = 0;
         break;
     }
     trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_read(offset, r, size);
     return r;
 }

 /* Try to send tx data, and arrange to be called back later if
  * we can't (ie the char backend is busy/blocking).
  */
 static gboolean uart_transmit(void *do_not_use, GIOCondition cond, void *opaque)
 {
     CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(opaque);
     int ret;

     s->watch_tag = 0;

     if (!(s->ctrl & R_CTRL_TX_EN_MASK) || !(s->state & R_STATE_TXFULL_MASK)) {
         return FALSE;
     }

     ret = qemu_chr_fe_write(&s->chr, &s->txbuf, 1);
     if (ret <= 0) {
         s->watch_tag = qemu_chr_fe_add_watch(&s->chr, G_IO_OUT | G_IO_HUP,
                                              uart_transmit, s);
         if (!s->watch_tag) {
             /* Most common reason to be here is "no chardev backend":
              * just insta-drain the buffer, so the serial output
              * goes into a void, rather than blocking the guest.
              */
             goto buffer_drained;
         }
         /* Transmit pending */
         trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_tx_pending();
         return FALSE;
     }

 buffer_drained:
     /* Character successfully sent */
     trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_tx(s->txbuf);
     s->state &= ~R_STATE_TXFULL_MASK;
     /* Going from TXFULL set to clear triggers the tx interrupt */
     if (s->ctrl & R_CTRL_TX_INTEN_MASK) {
         s->intstatus |= R_INTSTATUS_TX_MASK;
     }
     cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
     return FALSE;
 }

 static void uart_cancel_transmit(CMSDKAPBUART *s)
 {
     if (s->watch_tag) {
         g_source_remove(s->watch_tag);
         s->watch_tag = 0;
     }
 }

 static void uart_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, uint64_t value,
                        unsigned size)
 {
     CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(opaque);

     trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_write(offset, value, size);

     switch (offset) {
     case A_DATA:
         s->txbuf = value;
         if (s->state & R_STATE_TXFULL_MASK) {
             /* Buffer already full -- note the overrun and let the
              * existing pending transmit callback handle the new char.
              */
             s->state |= R_STATE_TXOVERRUN_MASK;
             cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
         } else {
             s->state |= R_STATE_TXFULL_MASK;
             uart_transmit(NULL, G_IO_OUT, s);
         }
         break;
     case A_STATE:
         /* Bits 0 and 1 are read only; bits 2 and 3 are W1C */
         s->state &= ~(value &
                       (R_STATE_TXOVERRUN_MASK | R_STATE_RXOVERRUN_MASK));
         cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
         break;
     case A_CTRL:
         s->ctrl = value & 0x7f;
         if ((s->ctrl & R_CTRL_TX_EN_MASK) && !uart_baudrate_ok(s)) {
             qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
                           "CMSDK APB UART: Tx enabled with invalid baudrate\n");
         }
         cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
         break;
     case A_INTSTATUS:
         /* All bits are W1C. Clearing the overrun interrupt bits really
          * clears the overrun status bits in the STATE register (which
          * is then reflected into the intstatus value by the update function).
          */
         s->state &= ~(value & (R_INTSTATUS_TXO_MASK | R_INTSTATUS_RXO_MASK));
         s->intstatus &= ~value;
         cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
         break;
     case A_BAUDDIV:
         s->bauddiv = value & 0xFFFFF;
         uart_update_parameters(s);
         break;
     case A_PID4 ... A_CID3:
         qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
                       "CMSDK APB UART write: write to RO offset 0x%x\n",
                       (int)offset);
         break;
     default:
         qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
                       "CMSDK APB UART write: bad offset 0x%x\n", (int) offset);
         break;
     }
 }

 static const MemoryRegionOps uart_ops = {
     .read = uart_read,
     .write = uart_write,
     .endianness = DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
 };

 static void cmsdk_apb_uart_reset(DeviceState *dev)
 {
     CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(dev);

     trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_reset();
     uart_cancel_transmit(s);
     s->state = 0;
     s->ctrl = 0;
     s->intstatus = 0;
     s->bauddiv = 0;
     s->txbuf = 0;
     s->rxbuf = 0;
 }

 static void cmsdk_apb_uart_init(Object *obj)
 {
     SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
     CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(obj);

     memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, obj, &uart_ops, s, "uart", 0x1000);
     sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->iomem);
     sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->txint);
     sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->rxint);
     sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->txovrint);
     sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->rxovrint);
     sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->uartint);
 }

 static void cmsdk_apb_uart_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
 {
     CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(dev);

     if (s->pclk_frq == 0) {
         error_setg(errp, "CMSDK APB UART: pclk-frq property must be set");
         return;
     }

     /* This UART has no flow control, so we do not need to register
      * an event handler to deal with CHR_EVENT_BREAK.
      */
     qemu_chr_fe_set_handlers(&s->chr, uart_can_receive, uart_receive,
                              NULL, NULL, s, NULL, true);
 }

 static int cmsdk_apb_uart_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id)
 {
     CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(opaque);

     /* If we have a pending character, arrange to resend it. */
     if (s->state & R_STATE_TXFULL_MASK) {
         s->watch_tag = qemu_chr_fe_add_watch(&s->chr, G_IO_OUT | G_IO_HUP,
                                              uart_transmit, s);
     }
     uart_update_parameters(s);
     return 0;
 }

 static const VMStateDescription cmsdk_apb_uart_vmstate = {
     .name = "cmsdk-apb-uart",
     .version_id = 1,
     .minimum_version_id = 1,
     .post_load = cmsdk_apb_uart_post_load,
     .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
         VMSTATE_UINT32(state, CMSDKAPBUART),
         VMSTATE_UINT32(ctrl, CMSDKAPBUART),
         VMSTATE_UINT32(intstatus, CMSDKAPBUART),
         VMSTATE_UINT32(bauddiv, CMSDKAPBUART),
         VMSTATE_UINT8(txbuf, CMSDKAPBUART),
         VMSTATE_UINT8(rxbuf, CMSDKAPBUART),
         VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
     }
 };

 static Property cmsdk_apb_uart_properties[] = {
     DEFINE_PROP_CHR("chardev", CMSDKAPBUART, chr),
     DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("pclk-frq", CMSDKAPBUART, pclk_frq, 0),
     DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
 };

 static void cmsdk_apb_uart_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
 {
     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

     dc->realize = cmsdk_apb_uart_realize;
     dc->vmsd = &cmsdk_apb_uart_vmstate;
     dc->reset = cmsdk_apb_uart_reset;
     device_class_set_props(dc, cmsdk_apb_uart_properties);
 }

 static const TypeInfo cmsdk_apb_uart_info = {
     .name = TYPE_CMSDK_APB_UART,
     .parent = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
     .instance_size = sizeof(CMSDKAPBUART),
     .instance_init = cmsdk_apb_uart_init,
     .class_init = cmsdk_apb_uart_class_init,
 };

 static void cmsdk_apb_uart_register_types(void)
 {
     type_register_static(&cmsdk_apb_uart_info);
 }

 type_init(cmsdk_apb_uart_register_types);
	/*
	* ARM CMSDK APB UART emulation
	*
	* Copyright (c) 2017 Linaro Limited
	* Written by Peter Maydell
	*
	* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
	* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 or
	* (at your option) any later version.
	*/

	/* This is a model of the "APB UART" which is part of the Cortex-M
	* System Design Kit (CMSDK) and documented in the Cortex-M System
	* Design Kit Technical Reference Manual (ARM DDI0479C):
	* https://developer.arm.com/products/system-design/system-design-kits/cortex-m-system-design-kit
	*/

	#include "qemu/osdep.h"
	#include "qemu/log.h"
	#include "qemu/module.h"
	#include "qapi/error.h"
	#include "trace.h"
	#include "hw/sysbus.h"
	#include "migration/vmstate.h"
	#include "hw/registerfields.h"
	#include "chardev/char-fe.h"
	#include "chardev/char-serial.h"
	#include "hw/char/cmsdk-apb-uart.h"
	#include "hw/irq.h"
	#include "hw/qdev-properties-system.h"

	REG32(DATA, 0)
	REG32(STATE, 4)
	FIELD(STATE, TXFULL, 0, 1)
	FIELD(STATE, RXFULL, 1, 1)
	FIELD(STATE, TXOVERRUN, 2, 1)
	FIELD(STATE, RXOVERRUN, 3, 1)
	REG32(CTRL, 8)
	FIELD(CTRL, TX_EN, 0, 1)
	FIELD(CTRL, RX_EN, 1, 1)
	FIELD(CTRL, TX_INTEN, 2, 1)
	FIELD(CTRL, RX_INTEN, 3, 1)
	FIELD(CTRL, TXO_INTEN, 4, 1)
	FIELD(CTRL, RXO_INTEN, 5, 1)
	FIELD(CTRL, HSTEST, 6, 1)
	REG32(INTSTATUS, 0xc)
	FIELD(INTSTATUS, TX, 0, 1)
	FIELD(INTSTATUS, RX, 1, 1)
	FIELD(INTSTATUS, TXO, 2, 1)
	FIELD(INTSTATUS, RXO, 3, 1)
	REG32(BAUDDIV, 0x10)
	REG32(PID4, 0xFD0)
	REG32(PID5, 0xFD4)
	REG32(PID6, 0xFD8)
	REG32(PID7, 0xFDC)
	REG32(PID0, 0xFE0)
	REG32(PID1, 0xFE4)
	REG32(PID2, 0xFE8)
	REG32(PID3, 0xFEC)
	REG32(CID0, 0xFF0)
	REG32(CID1, 0xFF4)
	REG32(CID2, 0xFF8)
	REG32(CID3, 0xFFC)

	/* PID/CID values */
	static const int uart_id[] = {
	0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* PID4..PID7 */
	0x21, 0xb8, 0x1b, 0x00, /* PID0..PID3 */
	0x0d, 0xf0, 0x05, 0xb1, /* CID0..CID3 */
	};

	static bool uart_baudrate_ok(CMSDKAPBUART *s)
	{
	/* The minimum permitted bauddiv setting is 16, so we just ignore
	* settings below that (usually this means the device has just
	* been reset and not yet programmed).
	*/
	return s->bauddiv >= 16 && s->bauddiv <= s->pclk_frq;
	}

	static void uart_update_parameters(CMSDKAPBUART *s)
	{
	QEMUSerialSetParams ssp;

	/* This UART is always 8N1 but the baud rate is programmable. */
	if (!uart_baudrate_ok(s)) {
	return;
	}

	ssp.data_bits = 8;
	ssp.parity = 'N';
	ssp.stop_bits = 1;
	ssp.speed = s->pclk_frq / s->bauddiv;
	qemu_chr_fe_ioctl(&s->chr, CHR_IOCTL_SERIAL_SET_PARAMS, &ssp);
	trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_set_params(ssp.speed);
	}

	static void cmsdk_apb_uart_update(CMSDKAPBUART *s)
	{
	/* update outbound irqs, including handling the way the rxo and txo
	* interrupt status bits are just logical AND of the overrun bit in
	* STATE and the overrun interrupt enable bit in CTRL.
	*/
	uint32_t omask = (R_INTSTATUS_RXO_MASK \| R_INTSTATUS_TXO_MASK);
	s->intstatus &= ~omask;
	s->intstatus \|= (s->state & (s->ctrl >> 2) & omask);

	qemu_set_irq(s->txint, !!(s->intstatus & R_INTSTATUS_TX_MASK));
	qemu_set_irq(s->rxint, !!(s->intstatus & R_INTSTATUS_RX_MASK));
	qemu_set_irq(s->txovrint, !!(s->intstatus & R_INTSTATUS_TXO_MASK));
	qemu_set_irq(s->rxovrint, !!(s->intstatus & R_INTSTATUS_RXO_MASK));
	qemu_set_irq(s->uartint, !!(s->intstatus));
	}

	static int uart_can_receive(void *opaque)
	{
	CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(opaque);

	/* We can take a char if RX is enabled and the buffer is empty */
	if (s->ctrl & R_CTRL_RX_EN_MASK && !(s->state & R_STATE_RXFULL_MASK)) {
	return 1;
	}
	return 0;
	}

	static void uart_receive(void opaque, const uint8_t buf, int size)
	{
	CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(opaque);

	trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_receive(*buf);

	/* In fact uart_can_receive() ensures that we can't be
	* called unless RX is enabled and the buffer is empty,
	* but we include this logic as documentation of what the
	* hardware does if a character arrives in these circumstances.
	*/
	if (!(s->ctrl & R_CTRL_RX_EN_MASK)) {
	/* Just drop the character on the floor */
	return;
	}

	if (s->state & R_STATE_RXFULL_MASK) {
	s->state \|= R_STATE_RXOVERRUN_MASK;
	}

	s->rxbuf = *buf;
	s->state \|= R_STATE_RXFULL_MASK;
	if (s->ctrl & R_CTRL_RX_INTEN_MASK) {
	s->intstatus \|= R_INTSTATUS_RX_MASK;
	}
	cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
	}

	static uint64_t uart_read(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, unsigned size)
	{
	CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(opaque);
	uint64_t r;

	switch (offset) {
	case A_DATA:
	r = s->rxbuf;
	s->state &= ~R_STATE_RXFULL_MASK;
	cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
	qemu_chr_fe_accept_input(&s->chr);
	break;
	case A_STATE:
	r = s->state;
	break;
	case A_CTRL:
	r = s->ctrl;
	break;
	case A_INTSTATUS:
	r = s->intstatus;
	break;
	case A_BAUDDIV:
	r = s->bauddiv;
	break;
	case A_PID4 ... A_CID3:
	r = uart_id[(offset - A_PID4) / 4];
	break;
	default:
	qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
	"CMSDK APB UART read: bad offset %x\n", (int) offset);
	r = 0;
	break;
	}
	trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_read(offset, r, size);
	return r;
	}

	/* Try to send tx data, and arrange to be called back later if
	* we can't (ie the char backend is busy/blocking).
	*/
	static gboolean uart_transmit(void do_not_use, GIOCondition cond, void opaque)
	{
	CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(opaque);
	int ret;

	s->watch_tag = 0;

	if (!(s->ctrl & R_CTRL_TX_EN_MASK) \|\| !(s->state & R_STATE_TXFULL_MASK)) {
	return FALSE;
	}

	ret = qemu_chr_fe_write(&s->chr, &s->txbuf, 1);
	if (ret <= 0) {
	s->watch_tag = qemu_chr_fe_add_watch(&s->chr, G_IO_OUT \| G_IO_HUP,
	uart_transmit, s);
	if (!s->watch_tag) {
	/* Most common reason to be here is "no chardev backend":
	* just insta-drain the buffer, so the serial output
	* goes into a void, rather than blocking the guest.
	*/
	goto buffer_drained;
	}
	/* Transmit pending */
	trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_tx_pending();
	return FALSE;
	}

	buffer_drained:
	/* Character successfully sent */
	trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_tx(s->txbuf);
	s->state &= ~R_STATE_TXFULL_MASK;
	/* Going from TXFULL set to clear triggers the tx interrupt */
	if (s->ctrl & R_CTRL_TX_INTEN_MASK) {
	s->intstatus \|= R_INTSTATUS_TX_MASK;
	}
	cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
	return FALSE;
	}

	static void uart_cancel_transmit(CMSDKAPBUART *s)
	{
	if (s->watch_tag) {
	g_source_remove(s->watch_tag);
	s->watch_tag = 0;
	}
	}

	static void uart_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, uint64_t value,
	unsigned size)
	{
	CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(opaque);

	trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_write(offset, value, size);

	switch (offset) {
	case A_DATA:
	s->txbuf = value;
	if (s->state & R_STATE_TXFULL_MASK) {
	/* Buffer already full -- note the overrun and let the
	* existing pending transmit callback handle the new char.
	*/
	s->state \|= R_STATE_TXOVERRUN_MASK;
	cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
	} else {
	s->state \|= R_STATE_TXFULL_MASK;
	uart_transmit(NULL, G_IO_OUT, s);
	}
	break;
	case A_STATE:
	/* Bits 0 and 1 are read only; bits 2 and 3 are W1C */
	s->state &= ~(value &
	(R_STATE_TXOVERRUN_MASK \| R_STATE_RXOVERRUN_MASK));
	cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
	break;
	case A_CTRL:
	s->ctrl = value & 0x7f;
	if ((s->ctrl & R_CTRL_TX_EN_MASK) && !uart_baudrate_ok(s)) {
	qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
	"CMSDK APB UART: Tx enabled with invalid baudrate\n");
	}
	cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
	break;
	case A_INTSTATUS:
	/* All bits are W1C. Clearing the overrun interrupt bits really
	* clears the overrun status bits in the STATE register (which
	* is then reflected into the intstatus value by the update function).
	*/
	s->state &= ~(value & (R_INTSTATUS_TXO_MASK \| R_INTSTATUS_RXO_MASK));
	s->intstatus &= ~value;
	cmsdk_apb_uart_update(s);
	break;
	case A_BAUDDIV:
	s->bauddiv = value & 0xFFFFF;
	uart_update_parameters(s);
	break;
	case A_PID4 ... A_CID3:
	qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
	"CMSDK APB UART write: write to RO offset 0x%x\n",
	(int)offset);
	break;
	default:
	qemu_log_mask(LOG_GUEST_ERROR,
	"CMSDK APB UART write: bad offset 0x%x\n", (int) offset);
	break;
	}
	}

	static const MemoryRegionOps uart_ops = {
	.read = uart_read,
	.write = uart_write,
	.endianness = DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
	};

	static void cmsdk_apb_uart_reset(DeviceState *dev)
	{
	CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(dev);

	trace_cmsdk_apb_uart_reset();
	uart_cancel_transmit(s);
	s->state = 0;
	s->ctrl = 0;
	s->intstatus = 0;
	s->bauddiv = 0;
	s->txbuf = 0;
	s->rxbuf = 0;
	}

	static void cmsdk_apb_uart_init(Object *obj)
	{
	SysBusDevice *sbd = SYS_BUS_DEVICE(obj);
	CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(obj);

	memory_region_init_io(&s->iomem, obj, &uart_ops, s, "uart", 0x1000);
	sysbus_init_mmio(sbd, &s->iomem);
	sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->txint);
	sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->rxint);
	sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->txovrint);
	sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->rxovrint);
	sysbus_init_irq(sbd, &s->uartint);
	}

	static void cmsdk_apb_uart_realize(DeviceState dev, Error *errp)
	{
	CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(dev);

	if (s->pclk_frq == 0) {
	error_setg(errp, "CMSDK APB UART: pclk-frq property must be set");
	return;
	}

	/* This UART has no flow control, so we do not need to register
	* an event handler to deal with CHR_EVENT_BREAK.
	*/
	qemu_chr_fe_set_handlers(&s->chr, uart_can_receive, uart_receive,
	NULL, NULL, s, NULL, true);
	}

	static int cmsdk_apb_uart_post_load(void *opaque, int version_id)
	{
	CMSDKAPBUART *s = CMSDK_APB_UART(opaque);

	/* If we have a pending character, arrange to resend it. */
	if (s->state & R_STATE_TXFULL_MASK) {
	s->watch_tag = qemu_chr_fe_add_watch(&s->chr, G_IO_OUT \| G_IO_HUP,
	uart_transmit, s);
	}
	uart_update_parameters(s);
	return 0;
	}

	static const VMStateDescription cmsdk_apb_uart_vmstate = {
	.name = "cmsdk-apb-uart",
	.version_id = 1,
	.minimum_version_id = 1,
	.post_load = cmsdk_apb_uart_post_load,
	.fields = (VMStateField[]) {
	VMSTATE_UINT32(state, CMSDKAPBUART),
	VMSTATE_UINT32(ctrl, CMSDKAPBUART),
	VMSTATE_UINT32(intstatus, CMSDKAPBUART),
	VMSTATE_UINT32(bauddiv, CMSDKAPBUART),
	VMSTATE_UINT8(txbuf, CMSDKAPBUART),
	VMSTATE_UINT8(rxbuf, CMSDKAPBUART),
	VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
	}
	};

	static Property cmsdk_apb_uart_properties[] = {
	DEFINE_PROP_CHR("chardev", CMSDKAPBUART, chr),
	DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("pclk-frq", CMSDKAPBUART, pclk_frq, 0),
	DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
	};

	static void cmsdk_apb_uart_class_init(ObjectClass klass, void data)
	{
	DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);

	dc->realize = cmsdk_apb_uart_realize;
	dc->vmsd = &cmsdk_apb_uart_vmstate;
	dc->reset = cmsdk_apb_uart_reset;
	device_class_set_props(dc, cmsdk_apb_uart_properties);
	}

	static const TypeInfo cmsdk_apb_uart_info = {
	.name = TYPE_CMSDK_APB_UART,
	.parent = TYPE_SYS_BUS_DEVICE,
	.instance_size = sizeof(CMSDKAPBUART),
	.instance_init = cmsdk_apb_uart_init,
	.class_init = cmsdk_apb_uart_class_init,
	};

	static void cmsdk_apb_uart_register_types(void)
	{
	type_register_static(&cmsdk_apb_uart_info);
	}

	type_init(cmsdk_apb_uart_register_types);