QA output created by 051
Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=134217728
Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=134217728 backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT.base

=== Unknown option ===

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=,if=none,id=drive0
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=,if=none,id=drive0: Block format 'qcow2' does not support the option 'unknown_opt'

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=on,if=none,id=drive0
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=on,if=none,id=drive0: Block format 'qcow2' does not support the option 'unknown_opt'

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=1234,if=none,id=drive0
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=1234,if=none,id=drive0: Block format 'qcow2' does not support the option 'unknown_opt'

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=foo,if=none,id=drive0
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,unknown_opt=foo,if=none,id=drive0: Block format 'qcow2' does not support the option 'unknown_opt'


=== Unknown protocol option ===

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=: Block protocol 'file' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=on
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=on: Block protocol 'file' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=1234
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=1234: Block protocol 'file' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=foo
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,file.unknown_opt=foo: Block protocol 'file' doesn't support the option 'unknown_opt'


=== Invalid format ===

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=foo
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=foo: Unknown driver 'foo'

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=foo
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=foo: Unknown driver 'foo'

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=raw,format=qcow2
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=raw,format=qcow2: Cannot specify both 'driver' and 'format'

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,format=qcow2
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,format=qcow2: Cannot specify both 'driver' and 'format'


=== Node names ===

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,node-name=x123456789012345678901234567890
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,node-name=x1234567890123456789012345678901
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,node-name=x1234567890123456789012345678901: Node name too long

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,node-name=All-Types.of_all0wed_chars
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,node-name=123foo
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,node-name=123foo: Invalid node name

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,node-name=_foo
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,node-name=_foo: Invalid node name

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,node-name=foo#12
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,node-name=foo#12: Invalid node name


=== Device without drive ===

Testing: -device VIRTIO_SCSI -device scsi-hd
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -device scsi-hd: drive property not set


=== Overriding backing file ===

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig,if=none,id=drive0 -nodefaults
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) info block
drive0 (NODE_NAME): json:{"backing": {"driver": "qcow2", "file": {"driver": "file", "filename": "TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig"}}, "driver": "qcow2", "file": {"driver": "file", "filename": "TEST_DIR/t.qcow2"}} (qcow2)
    Removable device: not locked, tray closed
    Cache mode:       writeback
    Backing file:     TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig (chain depth: 1)
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=raw,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=raw,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig: Driver doesn't support backing files

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,file.backing.driver=file,file.backing.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,file.backing.driver=file,file.backing.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig: Driver doesn't support backing files

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,file.backing.driver=qcow2,file.backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,file.backing.driver=qcow2,file.backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.orig: Driver doesn't support backing files


=== Enable and disable lazy refcounting on the command line, plus some invalid values ===

Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=134217728
Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=on
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=off
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=: Parameter 'lazy-refcounts' expects 'on' or 'off'

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=42
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=42: Parameter 'lazy-refcounts' expects 'on' or 'off'

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=foo
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=foo: Parameter 'lazy-refcounts' expects 'on' or 'off'


=== With version 2 images enabling lazy refcounts must fail ===

Formatting 'TEST_DIR/t.IMGFMT', fmt=IMGFMT size=134217728
Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=on
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=on: Lazy refcounts require a qcow2 image with at least qemu 1.1 compatibility level

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,format=qcow2,lazy-refcounts=off
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit


=== No medium ===

Testing: -drive if=virtio
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) QEMU_PROG: -drive if=virtio: Device needs media, but drive is empty


=== Attach to node in non-default iothread ===


=== Read-only ===

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=virtio,readonly=on
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit


=== Cache modes ===

Testing: -drive driver=null-co,read-zeroes=on,cache=none
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive driver=null-co,read-zeroes=on,cache=directsync
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive driver=null-co,read-zeroes=on,cache=writeback
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive driver=null-co,read-zeroes=on,cache=writethrough
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive driver=null-co,read-zeroes=on,cache=unsafe
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive driver=null-co,cache=invalid_value
QEMU_PROG: -drive driver=null-co,cache=invalid_value: invalid cache option

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=writeback,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file,if=none,id=drive0 -nodefaults
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) info block
drive0 (NODE_NAME): json:{"backing": {"driver": "qcow2", "file": {"driver": "file", "filename": "TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base"}}, "driver": "qcow2", "file": {"driver": "file", "filename": "TEST_DIR/t.qcow2"}} (qcow2)
    Removable device: not locked, tray closed
    Cache mode:       writeback
    Backing file:     TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (chain depth: 1)
(qemu) info block file

file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (file)
    Cache mode:       writeback
(qemu) info block backing
backing: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (qcow2, read-only)
    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
(qemu) info block backing-file

backing-file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (file, read-only)
    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=writethrough,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file,if=none,id=drive0 -nodefaults
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) info block
drive0 (NODE_NAME): json:{"backing": {"driver": "qcow2", "file": {"driver": "file", "filename": "TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base"}}, "driver": "qcow2", "file": {"driver": "file", "filename": "TEST_DIR/t.qcow2"}} (qcow2)
    Removable device: not locked, tray closed
    Cache mode:       writethrough
    Backing file:     TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (chain depth: 1)
(qemu) info block file

file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (file)
    Cache mode:       writeback
(qemu) info block backing
backing: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (qcow2, read-only)
    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
(qemu) info block backing-file

backing-file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (file, read-only)
    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=unsafe,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file,if=none,id=drive0 -nodefaults
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) info block
drive0 (NODE_NAME): json:{"backing": {"driver": "qcow2", "file": {"driver": "file", "filename": "TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base"}}, "driver": "qcow2", "file": {"driver": "file", "filename": "TEST_DIR/t.qcow2"}} (qcow2)
    Removable device: not locked, tray closed
    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
    Backing file:     TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (chain depth: 1)
(qemu) info block file

file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (file)
    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
(qemu) info block backing
backing: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (qcow2, read-only)
    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
(qemu) info block backing-file

backing-file: TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base (file, read-only)
    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=invalid_value,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file,if=none,id=drive0 -nodefaults
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,cache=invalid_value,backing.file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base,backing.cache.no-flush=on,backing.node-name=backing,backing.file.node-name=backing-file,file.node-name=file,if=none,id=drive0: invalid cache option


=== Specifying the protocol layer ===

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,file.driver=file
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit


=== Leaving out required options ===

Testing: -drive driver=file
QEMU_PROG: -drive driver=file: The 'file' block driver requires a file name

Testing: -drive driver=file,filename=
QEMU_PROG: -drive driver=file,filename=: The 'file' block driver requires a file name

Testing: -drive driver=nbd
QEMU_PROG: -drive driver=nbd: NBD server address missing

Testing: -drive driver=raw
QEMU_PROG: -drive driver=raw: A block device must be specified for "file"

Testing: -drive file.driver=file
QEMU_PROG: -drive file.driver=file: The 'file' block driver requires a file name

Testing: -drive file.driver=nbd
QEMU_PROG: -drive file.driver=nbd: NBD server address missing

Testing: -drive file.driver=raw
QEMU_PROG: -drive file.driver=raw: A block device must be specified for "file"

Testing: -drive foo=bar
QEMU_PROG: -drive foo=bar: Must specify either driver or file


=== Specifying both an option and its legacy alias ===

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops=1234,throttling.iops-total=5678
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops=1234,throttling.iops-total=5678: 'throttling.iops-total' and its alias 'iops' can't be used at the same time

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_rd=1234,throttling.iops-read=5678
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_rd=1234,throttling.iops-read=5678: 'throttling.iops-read' and its alias 'iops_rd' can't be used at the same time

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_wr=1234,throttling.iops-write=5678
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_wr=1234,throttling.iops-write=5678: 'throttling.iops-write' and its alias 'iops_wr' can't be used at the same time

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps=1234,throttling.bps-total=5678
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps=1234,throttling.bps-total=5678: 'throttling.bps-total' and its alias 'bps' can't be used at the same time

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_rd=1234,throttling.bps-read=5678
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_rd=1234,throttling.bps-read=5678: 'throttling.bps-read' and its alias 'bps_rd' can't be used at the same time

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_wr=1234,throttling.bps-write=5678
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_wr=1234,throttling.bps-write=5678: 'throttling.bps-write' and its alias 'bps_wr' can't be used at the same time

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_max=1234,throttling.iops-total-max=5678
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_max=1234,throttling.iops-total-max=5678: 'throttling.iops-total-max' and its alias 'iops_max' can't be used at the same time

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_rd_max=1234,throttling.iops-read-max=5678
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_rd_max=1234,throttling.iops-read-max=5678: 'throttling.iops-read-max' and its alias 'iops_rd_max' can't be used at the same time

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_wr_max=1234,throttling.iops-write-max=5678
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_wr_max=1234,throttling.iops-write-max=5678: 'throttling.iops-write-max' and its alias 'iops_wr_max' can't be used at the same time

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_max=1234,throttling.bps-total-max=5678
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_max=1234,throttling.bps-total-max=5678: 'throttling.bps-total-max' and its alias 'bps_max' can't be used at the same time

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_rd_max=1234,throttling.bps-read-max=5678
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_rd_max=1234,throttling.bps-read-max=5678: 'throttling.bps-read-max' and its alias 'bps_rd_max' can't be used at the same time

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_wr_max=1234,throttling.bps-write-max=5678
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_wr_max=1234,throttling.bps-write-max=5678: 'throttling.bps-write-max' and its alias 'bps_wr_max' can't be used at the same time

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_size=1234,throttling.iops-size=5678
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops_size=1234,throttling.iops-size=5678: 'throttling.iops-size' and its alias 'iops_size' can't be used at the same time

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,readonly=on,read-only=off
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,readonly=on,read-only=off: 'read-only' and its alias 'readonly' can't be used at the same time


=== Catching negative/large throttling values ===

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops=-1
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,iops=-1: bps/iops/max values must be within [0, 1000000000000000]

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps=-2
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps=-2: bps/iops/max values must be within [0, 1000000000000000]

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_rd=-3
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_rd=-3: bps/iops/max values must be within [0, 1000000000000000]

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_rd_max=-3
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps_rd_max=-3: bps/iops/max values must be within [0, 1000000000000000]

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,throttling.iops-total=-4
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,throttling.iops-total=-4: bps/iops/max values must be within [0, 1000000000000000]

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,throttling.bps-total=-5
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,throttling.bps-total=-5: bps/iops/max values must be within [0, 1000000000000000]

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps=0
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps=1
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps=1000000000000000
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps=1000000000000001
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps=1000000000000001: bps/iops/max values must be within [0, 1000000000000000]

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps=9999999999999999
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,bps=9999999999999999: bps/iops/max values must be within [0, 1000000000000000]


=== Parsing protocol from file name ===

Testing: -hda foo:bar
QEMU_PROG: -hda foo:bar: Unknown protocol 'foo'

Testing: -drive file=foo:bar
QEMU_PROG: -drive file=foo:bar: Unknown protocol 'foo'

Testing: -drive file.filename=foo:bar
QEMU_PROG: -drive file.filename=foo:bar: Could not open 'foo:bar': No such file or directory

Testing: -hda file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file.filename=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
QEMU_PROG: -drive file.filename=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2: Could not open 'file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2': No such file or directory


=== Snapshot mode ===

wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=drive0 -snapshot
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file.filename=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,driver=qcow2,if=none,id=drive0 -snapshot
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=drive0 -snapshot
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=file:TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,if=none,id=drive0 -snapshot
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
(qemu) quit

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
(qemu) quit

read 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=off,if=none,id=drive0
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x22 0 4k"
wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
(qemu) quit

read 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on,if=none,id=drive0
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) qemu-io drive0 "write -P 0x33 0 4k"
wrote 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
(qemu) commit drive0
(qemu) quit

read 4096/4096 bytes at offset 0
4 KiB, X ops; XX:XX:XX.X (XXX YYY/sec and XXX ops/sec)
Testing: -drive driver=null-co,snapshot=on
QEMU_PROG: -drive driver=null-co,snapshot=on: Could not get temporary filename: No such file or directory

Testing: -drive file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,snapshot=on,read-only=on,if=none,id=drive0
QEMU X.Y.Z monitor - type 'help' for more information
(qemu) info block
drive0 (NODE_NAME): json:{"backing": {"driver": "qcow2", "file": {"driver": "file", "filename": "TEST_DIR/t.qcow2"}}, "driver": "qcow2", "file": {"driver": "file", "filename": SNAPSHOT_PATH}} (qcow2, read-only)
    Removable device: not locked, tray closed
    Cache mode:       writeback, ignore flushes
    Backing file:     TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 (chain depth: 1)
(qemu) quit

*** done