diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
index 2fe4ff5..e8f77c9 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 ## Are you a Googler?
 
-If you are a Googler, plese make an attempt to submit an internal change rather
+If you are a Googler, please make an attempt to submit an internal change rather
 than a GitHub Pull Request. If you are not able to submit an internal change a
 PR is acceptable as an alternative.
 
diff --git a/googlemock/docs/cheat_sheet.md b/googlemock/docs/cheat_sheet.md
index 6170965..540da39 100644
--- a/googlemock/docs/cheat_sheet.md
+++ b/googlemock/docs/cheat_sheet.md
@@ -886,12 +886,12 @@
 using ::testing::Mock;
 ...
 // Verifies and removes the expectations on mock_obj;
-// returns true iff successful.
+// returns true if successful.
 Mock::VerifyAndClearExpectations(&mock_obj);
 ...
 // Verifies and removes the expectations on mock_obj;
 // also removes the default actions set by ON_CALL();
-// returns true iff successful.
+// returns true if successful.
 Mock::VerifyAndClear(&mock_obj);
 ```
 
diff --git a/googlemock/docs/cook_book.md b/googlemock/docs/cook_book.md
index 17c2645..676560b 100644
--- a/googlemock/docs/cook_book.md
+++ b/googlemock/docs/cook_book.md
@@ -1038,7 +1038,7 @@
 Have you noticed that a matcher is just a fancy predicate that also knows how to
 describe itself? Many existing algorithms take predicates as arguments (e.g.
 those defined in STL's `<algorithm>` header), and it would be a shame if gMock
-matchers are not allowed to participate.
+matchers were not allowed to participate.
 
 Luckily, you can use a matcher where a unary predicate functor is expected by
 wrapping it inside the `Matches()` function. For example,
@@ -1245,7 +1245,7 @@
 the pointer itself, has a certain property? Well, you can use the `Pointee(m)`
 matcher.
 
-`Pointee(m)` matches a pointer iff `m` matches the value the pointer points to.
+`Pointee(m)` matches a pointer if `m` matches the value the pointer points to.
 For example:
 
 ```cpp
@@ -2603,7 +2603,7 @@
 action object. Suppose you have an action factory `IncrementCounter(init)` which
 creates an action that increments and returns a counter whose initial value is
 `init`, using two actions created from the same expression and using a shared
-action will exihibit different behaviors. Example:
+action will exhibit different behaviors. Example:
 
 ```cpp
   EXPECT_CALL(foo, DoThis())
@@ -3548,7 +3548,7 @@
  public:
   virtual ~MatcherInterface();
 
-  // Returns true iff the matcher matches x; also explains the match
+  // Returns true if the matcher matches x; also explains the match
   // result to 'listener'.
   virtual bool MatchAndExplain(T x, MatchResultListener* listener) const = 0;
 
@@ -3702,10 +3702,10 @@
  public:
   virtual ~CardinalityInterface();
 
-  // Returns true iff call_count calls will satisfy this cardinality.
+  // Returns true if call_count calls will satisfy this cardinality.
   virtual bool IsSatisfiedByCallCount(int call_count) const = 0;
 
-  // Returns true iff call_count calls will saturate this cardinality.
+  // Returns true if call_count calls will saturate this cardinality.
   virtual bool IsSaturatedByCallCount(int call_count) const = 0;
 
   // Describes self to an ostream.
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h
index 6895dfd..e921cf4 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 template <typename T>
 class BuiltInDefaultValue {
  public:
-  // This function returns true iff type T has a built-in default value.
+  // This function returns true if type T has a built-in default value.
   static bool Exists() {
     return ::std::is_default_constructible<T>::value;
   }
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@
     producer_ = nullptr;
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff the user has set the default value for type T.
+  // Returns true if the user has set the default value for type T.
   static bool IsSet() { return producer_ != nullptr; }
 
   // Returns true if T has a default return value set by the user or there
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
   // Unsets the default value for type T&.
   static void Clear() { address_ = nullptr; }
 
-  // Returns true iff the user has set the default value for type T&.
+  // Returns true if the user has set the default value for type T&.
   static bool IsSet() { return address_ != nullptr; }
 
   // Returns true if T has a default return value set by the user or there
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@
   template <typename Func>
   explicit Action(const Action<Func>& action) : fun_(action.fun_) {}
 
-  // Returns true iff this is the DoDefault() action.
+  // Returns true if this is the DoDefault() action.
   bool IsDoDefault() const { return fun_ == nullptr; }
 
   // Performs the action.  Note that this method is const even though
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@
   template <typename G>
   friend class Action;
 
-  // fun_ is an empty function iff this is the DoDefault() action.
+  // fun_ is an empty function if this is the DoDefault() action.
   ::std::function<F> fun_;
 };
 
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-cardinalities.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-cardinalities.h
index 8fa25eb..4b269a3 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-cardinalities.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-cardinalities.h
@@ -70,10 +70,10 @@
   virtual int ConservativeLowerBound() const { return 0; }
   virtual int ConservativeUpperBound() const { return INT_MAX; }
 
-  // Returns true iff call_count calls will satisfy this cardinality.
+  // Returns true if call_count calls will satisfy this cardinality.
   virtual bool IsSatisfiedByCallCount(int call_count) const = 0;
 
-  // Returns true iff call_count calls will saturate this cardinality.
+  // Returns true if call_count calls will saturate this cardinality.
   virtual bool IsSaturatedByCallCount(int call_count) const = 0;
 
   // Describes self to an ostream.
@@ -98,17 +98,17 @@
   int ConservativeLowerBound() const { return impl_->ConservativeLowerBound(); }
   int ConservativeUpperBound() const { return impl_->ConservativeUpperBound(); }
 
-  // Returns true iff call_count calls will satisfy this cardinality.
+  // Returns true if call_count calls will satisfy this cardinality.
   bool IsSatisfiedByCallCount(int call_count) const {
     return impl_->IsSatisfiedByCallCount(call_count);
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff call_count calls will saturate this cardinality.
+  // Returns true if call_count calls will saturate this cardinality.
   bool IsSaturatedByCallCount(int call_count) const {
     return impl_->IsSaturatedByCallCount(call_count);
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff call_count calls will over-saturate this
+  // Returns true if call_count calls will over-saturate this
   // cardinality, i.e. exceed the maximum number of allowed calls.
   bool IsOverSaturatedByCallCount(int call_count) const {
     return impl_->IsSaturatedByCallCount(call_count) &&
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
index fcf8cf2..7075082 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@
 class TuplePrefix {
  public:
   // TuplePrefix<N>::Matches(matcher_tuple, value_tuple) returns true
-  // iff the first N fields of matcher_tuple matches the first N
+  // if the first N fields of matcher_tuple matches the first N
   // fields of value_tuple, respectively.
   template <typename MatcherTuple, typename ValueTuple>
   static bool Matches(const MatcherTuple& matcher_tuple,
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@
                                      ::std::ostream* /* os */) {}
 };
 
-// TupleMatches(matcher_tuple, value_tuple) returns true iff all
+// TupleMatches(matcher_tuple, value_tuple) returns true if all
 // matchers in matcher_tuple match the corresponding fields in
 // value_tuple.  It is a compiler error if matcher_tuple and
 // value_tuple have different number of fields or incompatible field
@@ -2534,7 +2534,7 @@
           testing::SafeMatcherCast<const KeyType&>(inner_matcher)) {
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff 'key_value.first' (the key) matches the inner matcher.
+  // Returns true if 'key_value.first' (the key) matches the inner matcher.
   bool MatchAndExplain(PairType key_value,
                        MatchResultListener* listener) const override {
     StringMatchResultListener inner_listener;
@@ -2616,7 +2616,7 @@
     second_matcher_.DescribeNegationTo(os);
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff 'a_pair.first' matches first_matcher and 'a_pair.second'
+  // Returns true if 'a_pair.first' matches first_matcher and 'a_pair.second'
   // matches second_matcher.
   bool MatchAndExplain(PairType a_pair,
                        MatchResultListener* listener) const override {
@@ -3152,7 +3152,7 @@
 
 // Given a 2-tuple matcher tm of type Tuple2Matcher and a value second
 // of type Second, BoundSecondMatcher<Tuple2Matcher, Second>(tm,
-// second) is a polymorphic matcher that matches a value x iff tm
+// second) is a polymorphic matcher that matches a value x if tm
 // matches tuple (x, second).  Useful for implementing
 // UnorderedPointwise() in terms of UnorderedElementsAreArray().
 //
@@ -3217,7 +3217,7 @@
 
 // Given a 2-tuple matcher tm and a value second,
 // MatcherBindSecond(tm, second) returns a matcher that matches a
-// value x iff tm matches tuple (x, second).  Useful for implementing
+// value x if tm matches tuple (x, second).  Useful for implementing
 // UnorderedPointwise() in terms of UnorderedElementsAreArray().
 template <typename Tuple2Matcher, typename Second>
 BoundSecondMatcher<Tuple2Matcher, Second> MatcherBindSecond(
@@ -3710,7 +3710,7 @@
 // Creates a matcher that matches an object whose given field matches
 // 'matcher'.  For example,
 //   Field(&Foo::number, Ge(5))
-// matches a Foo object x iff x.number >= 5.
+// matches a Foo object x if x.number >= 5.
 template <typename Class, typename FieldType, typename FieldMatcher>
 inline PolymorphicMatcher<
   internal::FieldMatcher<Class, FieldType> > Field(
@@ -3737,7 +3737,7 @@
 // Creates a matcher that matches an object whose given property
 // matches 'matcher'.  For example,
 //   Property(&Foo::str, StartsWith("hi"))
-// matches a Foo object x iff x.str() starts with "hi".
+// matches a Foo object x if x.str() starts with "hi".
 template <typename Class, typename PropertyType, typename PropertyMatcher>
 inline PolymorphicMatcher<internal::PropertyMatcher<
     Class, PropertyType, PropertyType (Class::*)() const> >
@@ -3792,11 +3792,11 @@
           property_name, property, MatcherCast<const PropertyType&>(matcher)));
 }
 
-// Creates a matcher that matches an object iff the result of applying
+// Creates a matcher that matches an object if the result of applying
 // a callable to x matches 'matcher'.
 // For example,
 //   ResultOf(f, StartsWith("hi"))
-// matches a Foo object x iff f(x) starts with "hi".
+// matches a Foo object x if f(x) starts with "hi".
 // `callable` parameter can be a function, function pointer, or a functor. It is
 // required to keep no state affecting the results of the calls on it and make
 // no assumptions about how many calls will be made. Any state it keeps must be
@@ -4345,7 +4345,7 @@
   return internal::MatcherAsPredicate<M>(matcher);
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the value matches the matcher.
+// Returns true if the value matches the matcher.
 template <typename T, typename M>
 inline bool Value(const T& value, M matcher) {
   return testing::Matches(matcher)(value);
@@ -4551,7 +4551,7 @@
 
 // These macros allow using matchers to check values in Google Test
 // tests.  ASSERT_THAT(value, matcher) and EXPECT_THAT(value, matcher)
-// succeed iff the value matches the matcher.  If the assertion fails,
+// succeed if the value matches the matcher.  If the assertion fails,
 // the value and the description of the matcher will be printed.
 #define ASSERT_THAT(value, matcher) ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT1(\
     ::testing::internal::MakePredicateFormatterFromMatcher(matcher), value)
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h
index 255d6ad..81ee345 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@
     return *this;
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff the given arguments match the matchers.
+  // Returns true if the given arguments match the matchers.
   bool Matches(const ArgumentTuple& args) const {
     return TupleMatches(matchers_, args) && extra_matcher_.Matches(args);
   }
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@
       GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(internal::g_gmock_mutex);
 
   // Verifies all expectations on the given mock object and clears its
-  // default actions and expectations.  Returns true iff the
+  // default actions and expectations.  Returns true if the
   // verification was successful.
   static bool VerifyAndClear(void* mock_obj)
       GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(internal::g_gmock_mutex);
@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@
   // The compiler-generated copy ctor and operator= work exactly as
   // intended, so we don't need to define our own.
 
-  // Returns true iff rhs references the same expectation as this object does.
+  // Returns true if rhs references the same expectation as this object does.
   bool operator==(const Expectation& rhs) const {
     return expectation_base_ == rhs.expectation_base_;
   }
@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@
   // The compiler-generator ctor and operator= works exactly as
   // intended, so we don't need to define our own.
 
-  // Returns true iff rhs contains the same set of Expectation objects
+  // Returns true if rhs contains the same set of Expectation objects
   // as this does.
   bool operator==(const ExpectationSet& rhs) const {
     return expectations_ == rhs.expectations_;
@@ -759,7 +759,7 @@
   // by the subclasses to implement the .Times() clause.
   void SpecifyCardinality(const Cardinality& cardinality);
 
-  // Returns true iff the user specified the cardinality explicitly
+  // Returns true if the user specified the cardinality explicitly
   // using a .Times().
   bool cardinality_specified() const { return cardinality_specified_; }
 
@@ -776,7 +776,7 @@
   void RetireAllPreRequisites()
       GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(g_gmock_mutex);
 
-  // Returns true iff this expectation is retired.
+  // Returns true if this expectation is retired.
   bool is_retired() const
       GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(g_gmock_mutex) {
     g_gmock_mutex.AssertHeld();
@@ -790,28 +790,28 @@
     retired_ = true;
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff this expectation is satisfied.
+  // Returns true if this expectation is satisfied.
   bool IsSatisfied() const
       GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(g_gmock_mutex) {
     g_gmock_mutex.AssertHeld();
     return cardinality().IsSatisfiedByCallCount(call_count_);
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff this expectation is saturated.
+  // Returns true if this expectation is saturated.
   bool IsSaturated() const
       GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(g_gmock_mutex) {
     g_gmock_mutex.AssertHeld();
     return cardinality().IsSaturatedByCallCount(call_count_);
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff this expectation is over-saturated.
+  // Returns true if this expectation is over-saturated.
   bool IsOverSaturated() const
       GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(g_gmock_mutex) {
     g_gmock_mutex.AssertHeld();
     return cardinality().IsOverSaturatedByCallCount(call_count_);
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff all pre-requisites of this expectation are satisfied.
+  // Returns true if all pre-requisites of this expectation are satisfied.
   bool AllPrerequisitesAreSatisfied() const
       GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(g_gmock_mutex);
 
@@ -854,7 +854,7 @@
   const char* file_;          // The file that contains the expectation.
   int line_;                  // The line number of the expectation.
   const std::string source_text_;  // The EXPECT_CALL(...) source text.
-  // True iff the cardinality is specified explicitly.
+  // True if the cardinality is specified explicitly.
   bool cardinality_specified_;
   Cardinality cardinality_;            // The cardinality of the expectation.
   // The immediate pre-requisites (i.e. expectations that must be
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@
   // This group of fields are the current state of the expectation,
   // and can change as the mock function is called.
   int call_count_;  // How many times this expectation has been invoked.
-  bool retired_;    // True iff this expectation has retired.
+  bool retired_;    // True if this expectation has retired.
   UntypedActions untyped_actions_;
   bool extra_matcher_specified_;
   bool repeated_action_specified_;  // True if a WillRepeatedly() was specified.
@@ -1086,14 +1086,14 @@
   // statement finishes and when the current thread holds
   // g_gmock_mutex.
 
-  // Returns true iff this expectation matches the given arguments.
+  // Returns true if this expectation matches the given arguments.
   bool Matches(const ArgumentTuple& args) const
       GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(g_gmock_mutex) {
     g_gmock_mutex.AssertHeld();
     return TupleMatches(matchers_, args) && extra_matcher_.Matches(args);
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff this expectation should handle the given arguments.
+  // Returns true if this expectation should handle the given arguments.
   bool ShouldHandleArguments(const ArgumentTuple& args) const
       GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(g_gmock_mutex) {
     g_gmock_mutex.AssertHeld();
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h
index 01e96cf..ee00479 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h
@@ -176,11 +176,11 @@
   static_cast< ::testing::internal::TypeKind>( \
       ::testing::internal::KindOf<type>::value)
 
-// Evaluates to true iff integer type T is signed.
+// Evaluates to true if integer type T is signed.
 #define GMOCK_IS_SIGNED_(T) (static_cast<T>(-1) < 0)
 
 // LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<kFromKind, From, kToKind, To>::value
-// is true iff arithmetic type From can be losslessly converted to
+// is true if arithmetic type From can be losslessly converted to
 // arithmetic type To.
 //
 // It's the user's responsibility to ensure that both From and To are
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@
 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<kInteger, From, kBool, bool>
     : public false_type {};  // NOLINT
 
-// Converting an integer to another non-bool integer is lossless iff
+// Converting an integer to another non-bool integer is lossless if
 // the target type's range encloses the source type's range.
 template <typename From, typename To>
 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<kInteger, From, kInteger, To>
@@ -243,13 +243,13 @@
     : public false_type {};  // NOLINT
 
 // Converting a floating-point to another floating-point is lossless
-// iff the target type is at least as big as the source type.
+// if the target type is at least as big as the source type.
 template <typename From, typename To>
 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<
   kFloatingPoint, From, kFloatingPoint, To>
     : public bool_constant<sizeof(From) <= sizeof(To)> {};  // NOLINT
 
-// LosslessArithmeticConvertible<From, To>::value is true iff arithmetic
+// LosslessArithmeticConvertible<From, To>::value is true if arithmetic
 // type From can be losslessly converted to arithmetic type To.
 //
 // It's the user's responsibility to ensure that both From and To are
@@ -324,11 +324,11 @@
 // No logs are printed.
 const char kErrorVerbosity[] = "error";
 
-// Returns true iff a log with the given severity is visible according
+// Returns true if a log with the given severity is visible according
 // to the --gmock_verbose flag.
 GTEST_API_ bool LogIsVisible(LogSeverity severity);
 
-// Prints the given message to stdout iff 'severity' >= the level
+// Prints the given message to stdout if 'severity' >= the level
 // specified by the --gmock_verbose flag.  If stack_frames_to_skip >=
 // 0, also prints the stack trace excluding the top
 // stack_frames_to_skip frames.  In opt mode, any positive
@@ -355,11 +355,11 @@
 
 // Type traits.
 
-// is_reference<T>::value is non-zero iff T is a reference type.
+// is_reference<T>::value is non-zero if T is a reference type.
 template <typename T> struct is_reference : public false_type {};
 template <typename T> struct is_reference<T&> : public true_type {};
 
-// type_equals<T1, T2>::value is non-zero iff T1 and T2 are the same type.
+// type_equals<T1, T2>::value is non-zero if T1 and T2 are the same type.
 template <typename T1, typename T2> struct type_equals : public false_type {};
 template <typename T> struct type_equals<T, T> : public true_type {};
 
diff --git a/googlemock/scripts/upload.py b/googlemock/scripts/upload.py
index 95239dc..4b57473 100755
--- a/googlemock/scripts/upload.py
+++ b/googlemock/scripts/upload.py
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@
         new_content: For text files, this is empty.  For binary files, this is
           the contents of the new file, since the diff output won't contain
           information to reconstruct the current file.
-        is_binary: True iff the file is binary.
+        is_binary: True if the file is binary.
         status: The status of the file.
     """
 
diff --git a/googlemock/src/gmock-internal-utils.cc b/googlemock/src/gmock-internal-utils.cc
index 1594662..1292e1d 100644
--- a/googlemock/src/gmock-internal-utils.cc
+++ b/googlemock/src/gmock-internal-utils.cc
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@
 // Protects global resources (stdout in particular) used by Log().
 static GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(g_log_mutex);
 
-// Returns true iff a log with the given severity is visible according
+// Returns true if a log with the given severity is visible according
 // to the --gmock_verbose flag.
 GTEST_API_ bool LogIsVisible(LogSeverity severity) {
   if (GMOCK_FLAG(verbose) == kInfoVerbosity) {
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-// Prints the given message to stdout iff 'severity' >= the level
+// Prints the given message to stdout if 'severity' >= the level
 // specified by the --gmock_verbose flag.  If stack_frames_to_skip >=
 // 0, also prints the stack trace excluding the top
 // stack_frames_to_skip frames.  In opt mode, any positive
diff --git a/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc b/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
index ea8e173..f6705a3 100644
--- a/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
+++ b/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-// Returns true iff all pre-requisites of this expectation have been
+// Returns true if all pre-requisites of this expectation have been
 // satisfied.
 bool ExpectationBase::AllPrerequisitesAreSatisfied() const
     GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(g_gmock_mutex) {
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@
     const CallReaction reaction =
         Mock::GetReactionOnUninterestingCalls(MockObject());
 
-    // True iff we need to print this call's arguments and return
+    // True if we need to print this call's arguments and return
     // value.  This definition must be kept in sync with
     // the behavior of ReportUninterestingCall().
     const bool need_to_report_uninteresting_call =
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@
           &ss, &why);
   const bool found = untyped_expectation != nullptr;
 
-  // True iff we need to print the call's arguments and return value.
+  // True if we need to print the call's arguments and return value.
   // This definition must be kept in sync with the uses of Expect()
   // and Log() in this function.
   const bool need_to_report_call =
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@
   int first_used_line;
   ::std::string first_used_test_suite;
   ::std::string first_used_test;
-  bool leakable;  // true iff it's OK to leak the object.
+  bool leakable;  // true if it's OK to leak the object.
   FunctionMockers function_mockers;  // All registered methods of the object.
 };
 
@@ -718,7 +718,7 @@
 }
 
 // Verifies all expectations on the given mock object and clears its
-// default actions and expectations.  Returns true iff the
+// default actions and expectations.  Returns true if the
 // verification was successful.
 bool Mock::VerifyAndClear(void* mock_obj)
     GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(internal::g_gmock_mutex) {
diff --git a/googlemock/src/gmock.cc b/googlemock/src/gmock.cc
index 05566e2..ce926f2 100644
--- a/googlemock/src/gmock.cc
+++ b/googlemock/src/gmock.cc
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 namespace testing {
 
 GMOCK_DEFINE_bool_(catch_leaked_mocks, true,
-                   "true iff Google Mock should report leaked mock objects "
+                   "true if Google Mock should report leaked mock objects "
                    "as failures.");
 
 GMOCK_DEFINE_string_(verbose, internal::kWarningVerbosity,
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-cardinalities_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-cardinalities_test.cc
index 60fd06a..66042d4 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-cardinalities_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-cardinalities_test.cc
@@ -395,12 +395,12 @@
 
 class EvenCardinality : public CardinalityInterface {
  public:
-  // Returns true iff call_count calls will satisfy this cardinality.
+  // Returns true if call_count calls will satisfy this cardinality.
   bool IsSatisfiedByCallCount(int call_count) const override {
     return (call_count % 2 == 0);
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff call_count calls will saturate this cardinality.
+  // Returns true if call_count calls will saturate this cardinality.
   bool IsSaturatedByCallCount(int /* call_count */) const override {
     return false;
   }
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers_test.cc
index 89ad335..74e9294 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-matchers_test.cc
@@ -956,7 +956,7 @@
 
 // Tests that TypedEq<T>(v) has type Matcher<T>.
 
-// Type<T>::IsTypeOf(v) compiles iff the type of value v is T, where T
+// Type<T>::IsTypeOf(v) compiles if the type of value v is T, where T
 // is a "bare" type (i.e. not in the form of const U or U&).  If v's
 // type is not T, the compiler will generate a message about
 // "undefined reference".
@@ -2640,7 +2640,7 @@
 // For testing Truly().
 const int foo = 0;
 
-// This predicate returns true iff the argument references foo and has
+// This predicate returns true if the argument references foo and has
 // a zero value.
 bool ReferencesFooAndIsZero(const int& n) {
   return (&n == &foo) && (n == 0);
@@ -3594,7 +3594,7 @@
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(Uncopyable);
 };
 
-// Returns true iff x.value() is positive.
+// Returns true if x.value() is positive.
 bool ValueIsPositive(const Uncopyable& x) { return x.value() > 0; }
 
 MATCHER_P(UncopyableIs, inner_matcher, "") {
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc
index d362a90..95b4b8b 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc
@@ -1952,12 +1952,12 @@
 
 class EvenNumberCardinality : public CardinalityInterface {
  public:
-  // Returns true iff call_count calls will satisfy this cardinality.
+  // Returns true if call_count calls will satisfy this cardinality.
   bool IsSatisfiedByCallCount(int call_count) const override {
     return call_count % 2 == 0;
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff call_count calls will saturate this cardinality.
+  // Returns true if call_count calls will saturate this cardinality.
   bool IsSaturatedByCallCount(int /* call_count */) const override {
     return false;
   }
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h
index 0eb5b27..cec9629 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@
 // This macro is used for implementing macros such as
 // EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED and ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED on systems where
 // death tests are not supported. Those macros must compile on such systems
-// iff EXPECT_DEATH and ASSERT_DEATH compile with the same parameters on
+// if EXPECT_DEATH and ASSERT_DEATH compile with the same parameters on
 // systems that support death tests. This allows one to write such a macro
 // on a system that does not support death tests and be sure that it will
 // compile on a death-test supporting system. It is exposed publicly so that
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@
 //                for program termination. This macro has to make sure this
 //                statement is compiled but not executed, to ensure that
 //                EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED compiles with a certain
-//                parameter iff EXPECT_DEATH compiles with it.
+//                parameter if EXPECT_DEATH compiles with it.
 //   regex     -  A regex that a macro such as EXPECT_DEATH would use to test
 //                the output of statement.  This parameter has to be
 //                compiled but not evaluated by this macro, to ensure that
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h
index 6e73ba1..7711178 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@
   // Returns the underlying ostream.
   ::std::ostream* stream() { return stream_; }
 
-  // Returns true iff the listener is interested in an explanation of
+  // Returns true if the listener is interested in an explanation of
   // the match result.  A matcher's MatchAndExplain() method can use
   // this information to avoid generating the explanation when no one
   // intends to hear it.
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
 template <typename T>
 class MatcherInterface : public MatcherDescriberInterface {
  public:
-  // Returns true iff the matcher matches x; also explains the match
+  // Returns true if the matcher matches x; also explains the match
   // result to 'listener' if necessary (see the next paragraph), in
   // the form of a non-restrictive relative clause ("which ...",
   // "whose ...", etc) that describes x.  For example, the
@@ -257,13 +257,13 @@
 template <typename T>
 class MatcherBase {
  public:
-  // Returns true iff the matcher matches x; also explains the match
+  // Returns true if the matcher matches x; also explains the match
   // result to 'listener'.
   bool MatchAndExplain(const T& x, MatchResultListener* listener) const {
     return impl_->MatchAndExplain(x, listener);
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff this matcher matches x.
+  // Returns true if this matcher matches x.
   bool Matches(const T& x) const {
     DummyMatchResultListener dummy;
     return MatchAndExplain(x, &dummy);
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-test-part.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-test-part.h
index 1e1cb09..4f189b6 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-test-part.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-test-part.h
@@ -87,19 +87,19 @@
   // Gets the message associated with the test part.
   const char* message() const { return message_.c_str(); }
 
-  // Returns true iff the test part was skipped.
+  // Returns true if the test part was skipped.
   bool skipped() const { return type_ == kSkip; }
 
-  // Returns true iff the test part passed.
+  // Returns true if the test part passed.
   bool passed() const { return type_ == kSuccess; }
 
-  // Returns true iff the test part non-fatally failed.
+  // Returns true if the test part non-fatally failed.
   bool nonfatally_failed() const { return type_ == kNonFatalFailure; }
 
-  // Returns true iff the test part fatally failed.
+  // Returns true if the test part fatally failed.
   bool fatally_failed() const { return type_ == kFatalFailure; }
 
-  // Returns true iff the test part failed.
+  // Returns true if the test part failed.
   bool failed() const { return fatally_failed() || nonfatally_failed(); }
 
  private:
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
index ff77075..d12563c 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@
     return *this;
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff the assertion succeeded.
+  // Returns true if the assertion succeeded.
   operator bool() const { return success_; }  // NOLINT
 
   // Returns the assertion's negation. Used with EXPECT/ASSERT_FALSE.
@@ -428,16 +428,16 @@
   static void SetUpTestCase() {}
 #endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
 
-  // Returns true iff the current test has a fatal failure.
+  // Returns true if the current test has a fatal failure.
   static bool HasFatalFailure();
 
-  // Returns true iff the current test has a non-fatal failure.
+  // Returns true if the current test has a non-fatal failure.
   static bool HasNonfatalFailure();
 
-  // Returns true iff the current test was skipped.
+  // Returns true if the current test was skipped.
   static bool IsSkipped();
 
-  // Returns true iff the current test has a (either fatal or
+  // Returns true if the current test has a (either fatal or
   // non-fatal) failure.
   static bool HasFailure() { return HasFatalFailure() || HasNonfatalFailure(); }
 
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@
   virtual void TearDown();
 
  private:
-  // Returns true iff the current test has the same fixture class as
+  // Returns true if the current test has the same fixture class as
   // the first test in the current test suite.
   static bool HasSameFixtureClass();
 
@@ -570,19 +570,19 @@
   // Returns the number of the test properties.
   int test_property_count() const;
 
-  // Returns true iff the test passed (i.e. no test part failed).
+  // Returns true if the test passed (i.e. no test part failed).
   bool Passed() const { return !Skipped() && !Failed(); }
 
-  // Returns true iff the test was skipped.
+  // Returns true if the test was skipped.
   bool Skipped() const;
 
-  // Returns true iff the test failed.
+  // Returns true if the test failed.
   bool Failed() const;
 
-  // Returns true iff the test fatally failed.
+  // Returns true if the test fatally failed.
   bool HasFatalFailure() const;
 
-  // Returns true iff the test has a non-fatal failure.
+  // Returns true if the test has a non-fatal failure.
   bool HasNonfatalFailure() const;
 
   // Returns the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
@@ -746,7 +746,7 @@
   // contains the character 'A' or starts with "Foo.".
   bool should_run() const { return should_run_; }
 
-  // Returns true iff this test will appear in the XML report.
+  // Returns true if this test will appear in the XML report.
   bool is_reportable() const {
     // The XML report includes tests matching the filter, excluding those
     // run in other shards.
@@ -805,8 +805,8 @@
   const std::unique_ptr<const ::std::string> value_param_;
   internal::CodeLocation location_;
   const internal::TypeId fixture_class_id_;   // ID of the test fixture class
-  bool should_run_;                 // True iff this test should run
-  bool is_disabled_;                // True iff this test is disabled
+  bool should_run_;                 // True if this test should run
+  bool is_disabled_;                // True if this test is disabled
   bool matches_filter_;             // True if this test matches the
                                     // user-specified filter.
   bool is_in_another_shard_;        // Will be run in another shard.
@@ -881,10 +881,10 @@
   // Gets the number of all tests in this test suite.
   int total_test_count() const;
 
-  // Returns true iff the test suite passed.
+  // Returns true if the test suite passed.
   bool Passed() const { return !Failed(); }
 
-  // Returns true iff the test suite failed.
+  // Returns true if the test suite failed.
   bool Failed() const { return failed_test_count() > 0; }
 
   // Returns the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
@@ -952,33 +952,33 @@
     }
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff test passed.
+  // Returns true if test passed.
   static bool TestPassed(const TestInfo* test_info) {
     return test_info->should_run() && test_info->result()->Passed();
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff test skipped.
+  // Returns true if test skipped.
   static bool TestSkipped(const TestInfo* test_info) {
     return test_info->should_run() && test_info->result()->Skipped();
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff test failed.
+  // Returns true if test failed.
   static bool TestFailed(const TestInfo* test_info) {
     return test_info->should_run() && test_info->result()->Failed();
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff the test is disabled and will be reported in the XML
+  // Returns true if the test is disabled and will be reported in the XML
   // report.
   static bool TestReportableDisabled(const TestInfo* test_info) {
     return test_info->is_reportable() && test_info->is_disabled_;
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff test is disabled.
+  // Returns true if test is disabled.
   static bool TestDisabled(const TestInfo* test_info) {
     return test_info->is_disabled_;
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff this test will appear in the XML report.
+  // Returns true if this test will appear in the XML report.
   static bool TestReportable(const TestInfo* test_info) {
     return test_info->is_reportable();
   }
@@ -1010,7 +1010,7 @@
   internal::SetUpTestSuiteFunc set_up_tc_;
   // Pointer to the function that tears down the test suite.
   internal::TearDownTestSuiteFunc tear_down_tc_;
-  // True iff any test in this test suite should run.
+  // True if any test in this test suite should run.
   bool should_run_;
   // The start time, in milliseconds since UNIX Epoch.
   TimeInMillis start_timestamp_;
@@ -1345,10 +1345,10 @@
   // Gets the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
   TimeInMillis elapsed_time() const;
 
-  // Returns true iff the unit test passed (i.e. all test suites passed).
+  // Returns true if the unit test passed (i.e. all test suites passed).
   bool Passed() const;
 
-  // Returns true iff the unit test failed (i.e. some test suite failed
+  // Returns true if the unit test failed (i.e. some test suite failed
   // or something outside of all tests failed).
   bool Failed() const;
 
@@ -2263,7 +2263,7 @@
 
 
 // Compile-time assertion for type equality.
-// StaticAssertTypeEq<type1, type2>() compiles iff type1 and type2 are
+// StaticAssertTypeEq<type1, type2>() compiles if type1 and type2 are
 // the same type.  The value it returns is not interesting.
 //
 // Instead of making StaticAssertTypeEq a class template, we make it a
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h
index ae38d95..5d21bbc 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
                                          const FilePath& base_name,
                                          const char* extension);
 
-  // Returns true iff the path is "".
+  // Returns true if the path is "".
   bool IsEmpty() const { return pathname_.empty(); }
 
   // If input name has a trailing separator character, removes it and returns
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h
index 2732660..08531d8 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@
 //   expected_value:      "5"
 //   actual_value:        "6"
 //
-// The ignoring_case parameter is true iff the assertion is a
+// The ignoring_case parameter is true if the assertion is a
 // *_STRCASEEQ*.  When it's true, the string " (ignoring case)" will
 // be inserted into the message.
 GTEST_API_ AssertionResult EqFailure(const char* expected_expression,
@@ -318,14 +318,14 @@
   // Returns the sign bit of this number.
   Bits sign_bit() const { return kSignBitMask & u_.bits_; }
 
-  // Returns true iff this is NAN (not a number).
+  // Returns true if this is NAN (not a number).
   bool is_nan() const {
     // It's a NAN if the exponent bits are all ones and the fraction
     // bits are not entirely zeros.
     return (exponent_bits() == kExponentBitMask) && (fraction_bits() != 0);
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff this number is at most kMaxUlps ULP's away from
+  // Returns true if this number is at most kMaxUlps ULP's away from
   // rhs.  In particular, this function:
   //
   //   - returns false if either number is (or both are) NAN.
@@ -848,7 +848,7 @@
 };
 
 // Defining a variable of type CompileAssertTypesEqual<T1, T2> will cause a
-// compiler error iff T1 and T2 are different types.
+// compiler error if T1 and T2 are different types.
 template <typename T1, typename T2>
 struct CompileAssertTypesEqual;
 
@@ -895,7 +895,7 @@
     GTEST_REMOVE_CONST_(GTEST_REMOVE_REFERENCE_(T))
 
 // IsAProtocolMessage<T>::value is a compile-time bool constant that's
-// true iff T is type proto2::Message or a subclass of it.
+// true if T is type proto2::Message or a subclass of it.
 template <typename T>
 struct IsAProtocolMessage
     : public bool_constant<
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
index 0a9a331..4f887c5 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@
 #  include <android/api-level.h>  // NOLINT
 #endif
 
-// Defines this to true iff Google Test can use POSIX regular expressions.
+// Defines this to true if Google Test can use POSIX regular expressions.
 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE
 # if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
 // On Android, <regex.h> is only available starting with Gingerbread.
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@
 // The user didn't tell us whether exceptions are enabled, so we need
 // to figure it out.
 # if defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(_CPPUNWIND)
-// MSVC defines _CPPUNWIND to 1 iff exceptions are enabled.
+// MSVC defines _CPPUNWIND to 1 if exceptions are enabled.
 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
 # elif defined(__BORLANDC__)
 // C++Builder's implementation of the STL uses the _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
@@ -414,8 +414,8 @@
 #  endif  // _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 # elif defined(__clang__)
-// clang defines __EXCEPTIONS iff exceptions are enabled before clang 220714,
-// but iff cleanups are enabled after that. In Obj-C++ files, there can be
+// clang defines __EXCEPTIONS if exceptions are enabled before clang 220714,
+// but if cleanups are enabled after that. In Obj-C++ files, there can be
 // cleanups for ObjC exceptions which also need cleanups, even if C++ exceptions
 // are disabled. clang has __has_feature(cxx_exceptions) which checks for C++
 // exceptions starting at clang r206352, but which checked for cleanups prior to
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@
 // __EXCEPTIONS && __has_feature(cxx_exceptions).
 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS (__EXCEPTIONS && __has_feature(cxx_exceptions))
 # elif defined(__GNUC__) && __EXCEPTIONS
-// gcc defines __EXCEPTIONS to 1 iff exceptions are enabled.
+// gcc defines __EXCEPTIONS to 1 if exceptions are enabled.
 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
 # elif defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
 // Sun Pro CC supports exceptions.  However, there is no compile-time way of
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@
 // they are enabled unless the user tells us otherwise.
 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
 # elif defined(__IBMCPP__) && __EXCEPTIONS
-// xlC defines __EXCEPTIONS to 1 iff exceptions are enabled.
+// xlC defines __EXCEPTIONS to 1 if exceptions are enabled.
 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
 # elif defined(__HP_aCC)
 // Exception handling is in effect by default in HP aCC compiler. It has to
@@ -472,13 +472,13 @@
 
 # ifdef _MSC_VER
 
-#  ifdef _CPPRTTI  // MSVC defines this macro iff RTTI is enabled.
+#  ifdef _CPPRTTI  // MSVC defines this macro if RTTI is enabled.
 #   define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 1
 #  else
 #   define GTEST_HAS_RTTI 0
 #  endif
 
-// Starting with version 4.3.2, gcc defines __GXX_RTTI iff RTTI is enabled.
+// Starting with version 4.3.2, gcc defines __GXX_RTTI if RTTI is enabled.
 # elif defined(__GNUC__)
 
 #  ifdef __GXX_RTTI
@@ -909,9 +909,9 @@
   // Returns the string representation of the regex.
   const char* pattern() const { return pattern_; }
 
-  // FullMatch(str, re) returns true iff regular expression re matches
+  // FullMatch(str, re) returns true if regular expression re matches
   // the entire str.
-  // PartialMatch(str, re) returns true iff regular expression re
+  // PartialMatch(str, re) returns true if regular expression re
   // matches a substring of str (including str itself).
   static bool FullMatch(const ::std::string& str, const RE& re) {
     return FullMatch(str.c_str(), re);
@@ -1266,7 +1266,7 @@
   void Reset(Handle handle);
 
  private:
-  // Returns true iff the handle is a valid handle object that can be closed.
+  // Returns true if the handle is a valid handle object that can be closed.
   bool IsCloseable() const;
 
   Handle handle_;
@@ -1368,7 +1368,7 @@
   // When non-NULL, used to block execution until the controller thread
   // notifies.
   Notification* const thread_can_start_;
-  bool finished_;  // true iff we know that the thread function has finished.
+  bool finished_;  // true if we know that the thread function has finished.
   pthread_t thread_;  // The native thread object.
 
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ThreadWithParam);
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-string.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-string.h
index 884b1e1..26d8407 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-string.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-string.h
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
   static const char* Utf16ToAnsi(LPCWSTR utf16_str);
 #endif
 
-  // Compares two C strings.  Returns true iff they have the same content.
+  // Compares two C strings.  Returns true if they have the same content.
   //
   // Unlike strcmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).  A
   // NULL C string is considered different to any non-NULL C string,
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
   // returned.
   static std::string ShowWideCString(const wchar_t* wide_c_str);
 
-  // Compares two wide C strings.  Returns true iff they have the same
+  // Compares two wide C strings.  Returns true if they have the same
   // content.
   //
   // Unlike wcscmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).  A
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
   // including the empty string.
   static bool WideCStringEquals(const wchar_t* lhs, const wchar_t* rhs);
 
-  // Compares two C strings, ignoring case.  Returns true iff they
+  // Compares two C strings, ignoring case.  Returns true if they
   // have the same content.
   //
   // Unlike strcasecmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
   static bool CaseInsensitiveCStringEquals(const char* lhs,
                                            const char* rhs);
 
-  // Compares two wide C strings, ignoring case.  Returns true iff they
+  // Compares two wide C strings, ignoring case.  Returns true if they
   // have the same content.
   //
   // Unlike wcscasecmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@
   static bool CaseInsensitiveWideCStringEquals(const wchar_t* lhs,
                                                const wchar_t* rhs);
 
-  // Returns true iff the given string ends with the given suffix, ignoring
+  // Returns true if the given string ends with the given suffix, ignoring
   // case. Any string is considered to end with an empty suffix.
   static bool EndsWithCaseInsensitive(
       const std::string& str, const std::string& suffix);
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h
index 4cd1cf3..5f9a056 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST || GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
 
-// AssertyTypeEq<T1, T2>::type is defined iff T1 and T2 are the same
+// AssertyTypeEq<T1, T2>::type is defined if T1 and T2 are the same
 // type.  This can be used as a compile-time assertion to ensure that
 // two types are equal.
 
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h.pump b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h.pump
index eb014ee..3a3896b 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h.pump
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h.pump
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST || GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
 
-// AssertyTypeEq<T1, T2>::type is defined iff T1 and T2 are the same
+// AssertyTypeEq<T1, T2>::type is defined if T1 and T2 are the same
 // type.  This can be used as a compile-time assertion to ensure that
 // two types are equal.
 
diff --git a/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h b/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h
index 119545a..4178e70 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h
+++ b/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
  public:
   virtual ~PrimeTable() {}
 
-  // Returns true iff n is a prime number.
+  // Returns true if n is a prime number.
   virtual bool IsPrime(int n) const = 0;
 
   // Returns the smallest prime number greater than p; or returns -1
diff --git a/googletest/samples/sample1.cc b/googletest/samples/sample1.cc
index 13cec1d..58dbf17 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/sample1.cc
+++ b/googletest/samples/sample1.cc
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
   return result;
 }
 
-// Returns true iff n is a prime number.
+// Returns true if n is a prime number.
 bool IsPrime(int n) {
   // Trivial case 1: small numbers
   if (n <= 1) return false;
diff --git a/googletest/samples/sample1.h b/googletest/samples/sample1.h
index 2c3e9f0..a90eae4 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/sample1.h
+++ b/googletest/samples/sample1.h
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 // Returns n! (the factorial of n).  For negative n, n! is defined to be 1.
 int Factorial(int n);
 
-// Returns true iff n is a prime number.
+// Returns true if n is a prime number.
 bool IsPrime(int n);
 
 #endif  // GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE1_H_
diff --git a/googletest/scripts/gen_gtest_pred_impl.py b/googletest/scripts/gen_gtest_pred_impl.py
index b43efdf..b00830d 100755
--- a/googletest/scripts/gen_gtest_pred_impl.py
+++ b/googletest/scripts/gen_gtest_pred_impl.py
@@ -540,10 +540,10 @@
     }
   }
 
-  // true iff the test function is expected to run to finish.
+  // true if the test function is expected to run to finish.
   static bool expected_to_finish_;
 
-  // true iff the test function did run to finish.
+  // true if the test function did run to finish.
   static bool finished_;
 """ % DEFS
 
@@ -572,12 +572,12 @@
     """Returns the test for a predicate assertion macro.
 
     Args:
-      use_format:     true iff the assertion is a *_PRED_FORMAT*.
-      use_assert:     true iff the assertion is a ASSERT_*.
-      expect_failure: true iff the assertion is expected to fail.
-      use_functor:    true iff the first argument of the assertion is
+      use_format:     true if the assertion is a *_PRED_FORMAT*.
+      use_assert:     true if the assertion is a ASSERT_*.
+      expect_failure: true if the assertion is expected to fail.
+      use_functor:    true if the first argument of the assertion is
                       a functor (as opposed to a function)
-      use_user_type:  true iff the predicate functor/function takes
+      use_user_type:  true if the predicate functor/function takes
                       argument(s) of a user-defined type.
 
     Example:
diff --git a/googletest/scripts/pump.py b/googletest/scripts/pump.py
index 5efb653..7dfb87a 100755
--- a/googletest/scripts/pump.py
+++ b/googletest/scripts/pump.py
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@
 
 
 def StartsWith(lines, pos, string):
-  """Returns True iff the given position in lines starts with 'string'."""
+  """Returns True if the given position in lines starts with 'string'."""
 
   return lines[pos.line][pos.column:].startswith(string)
 
diff --git a/googletest/scripts/upload.py b/googletest/scripts/upload.py
index c852e4c..8563e5f 100755
--- a/googletest/scripts/upload.py
+++ b/googletest/scripts/upload.py
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@
         new_content: For text files, this is empty.  For binary files, this is
           the contents of the new file, since the diff output won't contain
           information to reconstruct the current file.
-        is_binary: True iff the file is binary.
+        is_binary: True if the file is binary.
         status: The status of the file.
     """
 
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc
index 2b1b419..e5ec287 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@
 //   status_ok: true if exit_status is acceptable in the context of
 //              this particular death test, which fails if it is false
 //
-// Returns true iff all of the above conditions are met.  Otherwise, the
+// Returns true if all of the above conditions are met.  Otherwise, the
 // first failing condition, in the order given above, is the one that is
 // reported. Also sets the last death test message string.
 bool DeathTestImpl::Passed(bool status_ok) {
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h b/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h
index 53cd22b..e29d992 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h
@@ -99,14 +99,14 @@
 // A valid random seed must be in [1, kMaxRandomSeed].
 const int kMaxRandomSeed = 99999;
 
-// g_help_flag is true iff the --help flag or an equivalent form is
+// g_help_flag is true if the --help flag or an equivalent form is
 // specified on the command line.
 GTEST_API_ extern bool g_help_flag;
 
 // Returns the current time in milliseconds.
 GTEST_API_ TimeInMillis GetTimeInMillis();
 
-// Returns true iff Google Test should use colors in the output.
+// Returns true if Google Test should use colors in the output.
 GTEST_API_ bool ShouldUseColor(bool stdout_is_tty);
 
 // Formats the given time in milliseconds as seconds.
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@
 GTEST_API_ Int32 Int32FromEnvOrDie(const char* env_var, Int32 default_val);
 
 // Given the total number of shards, the shard index, and the test id,
-// returns true iff the test should be run on this shard. The test id is
+// returns true if the test should be run on this shard. The test id is
 // some arbitrary but unique non-negative integer assigned to each test
 // method. Assumes that 0 <= shard_index < total_shards.
 GTEST_API_ bool ShouldRunTestOnShard(
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@
   // TestPropertyKeyIs has NO default constructor.
   explicit TestPropertyKeyIs(const std::string& key) : key_(key) {}
 
-  // Returns true iff the test name of test property matches on key_.
+  // Returns true if the test name of test property matches on key_.
   bool operator()(const TestProperty& test_property) const {
     return test_property.key() == key_;
   }
@@ -385,14 +385,14 @@
 
   // Functions for processing the gtest_filter flag.
 
-  // Returns true iff the wildcard pattern matches the string.  The
+  // Returns true if the wildcard pattern matches the string.  The
   // first ':' or '\0' character in pattern marks the end of it.
   //
   // This recursive algorithm isn't very efficient, but is clear and
   // works well enough for matching test names, which are short.
   static bool PatternMatchesString(const char *pattern, const char *str);
 
-  // Returns true iff the user-specified filter matches the test suite
+  // Returns true if the user-specified filter matches the test suite
   // name and the test name.
   static bool FilterMatchesTest(const std::string& test_suite_name,
                                 const std::string& test_name);
@@ -577,10 +577,10 @@
   // Gets the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
   TimeInMillis elapsed_time() const { return elapsed_time_; }
 
-  // Returns true iff the unit test passed (i.e. all test suites passed).
+  // Returns true if the unit test passed (i.e. all test suites passed).
   bool Passed() const { return !Failed(); }
 
-  // Returns true iff the unit test failed (i.e. some test suite failed
+  // Returns true if the unit test failed (i.e. some test suite failed
   // or something outside of all tests failed).
   bool Failed() const {
     return failed_test_suite_count() > 0 || ad_hoc_test_result()->Failed();
@@ -911,7 +911,7 @@
   // desired.
   OsStackTraceGetterInterface* os_stack_trace_getter_;
 
-  // True iff PostFlagParsingInit() has been called.
+  // True if PostFlagParsingInit() has been called.
   bool post_flag_parse_init_performed_;
 
   // The random number seed used at the beginning of the test run.
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
index 74daaaa..9024f03 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
@@ -715,7 +715,7 @@
   free(const_cast<char*>(pattern_));
 }
 
-// Returns true iff regular expression re matches the entire str.
+// Returns true if regular expression re matches the entire str.
 bool RE::FullMatch(const char* str, const RE& re) {
   if (!re.is_valid_) return false;
 
@@ -723,7 +723,7 @@
   return regexec(&re.full_regex_, str, 1, &match, 0) == 0;
 }
 
-// Returns true iff regular expression re matches a substring of str
+// Returns true if regular expression re matches a substring of str
 // (including str itself).
 bool RE::PartialMatch(const char* str, const RE& re) {
   if (!re.is_valid_) return false;
@@ -764,13 +764,13 @@
 
 #elif GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE
 
-// Returns true iff ch appears anywhere in str (excluding the
+// Returns true if ch appears anywhere in str (excluding the
 // terminating '\0' character).
 bool IsInSet(char ch, const char* str) {
   return ch != '\0' && strchr(str, ch) != nullptr;
 }
 
-// Returns true iff ch belongs to the given classification.  Unlike
+// Returns true if ch belongs to the given classification.  Unlike
 // similar functions in <ctype.h>, these aren't affected by the
 // current locale.
 bool IsAsciiDigit(char ch) { return '0' <= ch && ch <= '9'; }
@@ -784,12 +784,12 @@
       ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') || ch == '_';
 }
 
-// Returns true iff "\\c" is a supported escape sequence.
+// Returns true if "\\c" is a supported escape sequence.
 bool IsValidEscape(char c) {
   return (IsAsciiPunct(c) || IsInSet(c, "dDfnrsStvwW"));
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the given atom (specified by escaped and pattern)
+// Returns true if the given atom (specified by escaped and pattern)
 // matches ch.  The result is undefined if the atom is invalid.
 bool AtomMatchesChar(bool escaped, char pattern_char, char ch) {
   if (escaped) {  // "\\p" where p is pattern_char.
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@
 
   bool is_valid = true;
 
-  // True iff ?, *, or + can follow the previous atom.
+  // True if ?, *, or + can follow the previous atom.
   bool prev_repeatable = false;
   for (int i = 0; regex[i]; i++) {
     if (regex[i] == '\\') {  // An escape sequence
@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@
   return false;
 }
 
-// Returns true iff regex matches a prefix of str.  regex must be a
+// Returns true if regex matches a prefix of str.  regex must be a
 // valid simple regular expression and not start with "^", or the
 // result is undefined.
 bool MatchRegexAtHead(const char* regex, const char* str) {
@@ -935,7 +935,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-// Returns true iff regex matches any substring of str.  regex must be
+// Returns true if regex matches any substring of str.  regex must be
 // a valid simple regular expression, or the result is undefined.
 //
 // The algorithm is recursive, but the recursion depth doesn't exceed
@@ -964,12 +964,12 @@
   free(const_cast<char*>(full_pattern_));
 }
 
-// Returns true iff regular expression re matches the entire str.
+// Returns true if regular expression re matches the entire str.
 bool RE::FullMatch(const char* str, const RE& re) {
   return re.is_valid_ && MatchRegexAnywhere(re.full_pattern_, str);
 }
 
-// Returns true iff regular expression re matches a substring of str
+// Returns true if regular expression re matches a substring of str
 // (including str itself).
 bool RE::PartialMatch(const char* str, const RE& re) {
   return re.is_valid_ && MatchRegexAnywhere(re.pattern_, str);
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@
 // Reads and returns the Boolean environment variable corresponding to
 // the given flag; if it's not set, returns default_value.
 //
-// The value is considered true iff it's not "0".
+// The value is considered true if it's not "0".
 bool BoolFromGTestEnv(const char* flag, bool default_value) {
 #if defined(GTEST_GET_BOOL_FROM_ENV_)
   return GTEST_GET_BOOL_FROM_ENV_(flag, default_value);
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest.cc b/googletest/src/gtest.cc
index d6b5630..78b30c6 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest.cc
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
 // stack trace.
 const char kStackTraceMarker[] = "\nStack trace:\n";
 
-// g_help_flag is true iff the --help flag or an equivalent form is
+// g_help_flag is true if the --help flag or an equivalent form is
 // specified on the command line.
 bool g_help_flag = false;
 
@@ -217,12 +217,12 @@
 GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
     break_on_failure,
     internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("break_on_failure", false),
-    "True iff a failed assertion should be a debugger break-point.");
+    "True if a failed assertion should be a debugger break-point.");
 
 GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
     catch_exceptions,
     internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("catch_exceptions", true),
-    "True iff " GTEST_NAME_
+    "True if " GTEST_NAME_
     " should catch exceptions and treat them as test failures.");
 
 GTEST_DEFINE_string_(
@@ -273,13 +273,13 @@
 GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
     print_time,
     internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("print_time", true),
-    "True iff " GTEST_NAME_
+    "True if " GTEST_NAME_
     " should display elapsed time in text output.");
 
 GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
     print_utf8,
     internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("print_utf8", true),
-    "True iff " GTEST_NAME_
+    "True if " GTEST_NAME_
     " prints UTF8 characters as text.");
 
 GTEST_DEFINE_int32_(
@@ -296,13 +296,13 @@
 
 GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
     show_internal_stack_frames, false,
-    "True iff " GTEST_NAME_ " should include internal stack frames when "
+    "True if " GTEST_NAME_ " should include internal stack frames when "
     "printing test failure stack traces.");
 
 GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(
     shuffle,
     internal::BoolFromGTestEnv("shuffle", false),
-    "True iff " GTEST_NAME_
+    "True if " GTEST_NAME_
     " should randomize tests' order on every run.");
 
 GTEST_DEFINE_int32_(
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@
   return state_ % range;
 }
 
-// GTestIsInitialized() returns true iff the user has initialized
+// GTestIsInitialized() returns true if the user has initialized
 // Google Test.  Useful for catching the user mistake of not initializing
 // Google Test before calling RUN_ALL_TESTS().
 static bool GTestIsInitialized() { return GetArgvs().size() > 0; }
@@ -371,17 +371,17 @@
   return sum;
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the test suite passed.
+// Returns true if the test suite passed.
 static bool TestSuitePassed(const TestSuite* test_suite) {
   return test_suite->should_run() && test_suite->Passed();
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the test suite failed.
+// Returns true if the test suite failed.
 static bool TestSuiteFailed(const TestSuite* test_suite) {
   return test_suite->should_run() && test_suite->Failed();
 }
 
-// Returns true iff test_suite contains at least one test that should
+// Returns true if test_suite contains at least one test that should
 // run.
 static bool ShouldRunTestSuite(const TestSuite* test_suite) {
   return test_suite->should_run();
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@
   return result.string();
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the wildcard pattern matches the string.  The
+// Returns true if the wildcard pattern matches the string.  The
 // first ':' or '\0' character in pattern marks the end of it.
 //
 // This recursive algorithm isn't very efficient, but is clear and
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the user-specified filter matches the test suite
+// Returns true if the user-specified filter matches the test suite
 // name and the test name.
 bool UnitTestOptions::FilterMatchesTest(const std::string& test_suite_name,
                                         const std::string& test_name) {
@@ -910,7 +910,7 @@
 
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 
-// Compares two C strings.  Returns true iff they have the same content.
+// Compares two C strings.  Returns true if they have the same content.
 //
 // Unlike strcmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).  A NULL
 // C string is considered different to any non-NULL C string,
@@ -1320,7 +1320,7 @@
 //   lhs_value:      "5"
 //   rhs_value:      "6"
 //
-// The ignoring_case parameter is true iff the assertion is a
+// The ignoring_case parameter is true if the assertion is a
 // *_STRCASEEQ*.  When it's true, the string "Ignoring case" will
 // be inserted into the message.
 AssertionResult EqFailure(const char* lhs_expression,
@@ -1563,7 +1563,7 @@
 
 // Helper functions for implementing IsSubString() and IsNotSubstring().
 
-// This group of overloaded functions return true iff needle is a
+// This group of overloaded functions return true if needle is a
 // substring of haystack.  NULL is considered a substring of itself
 // only.
 
@@ -1865,7 +1865,7 @@
   return internal::WideStringToUtf8(wide_c_str, -1);
 }
 
-// Compares two wide C strings.  Returns true iff they have the same
+// Compares two wide C strings.  Returns true if they have the same
 // content.
 //
 // Unlike wcscmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).  A NULL
@@ -1910,7 +1910,7 @@
                             << " vs " << PrintToString(s2);
 }
 
-// Compares two C strings, ignoring case.  Returns true iff they have
+// Compares two C strings, ignoring case.  Returns true if they have
 // the same content.
 //
 // Unlike strcasecmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).  A
@@ -1922,7 +1922,7 @@
   return posix::StrCaseCmp(lhs, rhs) == 0;
 }
 
-  // Compares two wide C strings, ignoring case.  Returns true iff they
+  // Compares two wide C strings, ignoring case.  Returns true if they
   // have the same content.
   //
   // Unlike wcscasecmp(), this function can handle NULL argument(s).
@@ -1956,7 +1956,7 @@
 #endif  // OS selector
 }
 
-// Returns true iff str ends with the given suffix, ignoring case.
+// Returns true if str ends with the given suffix, ignoring case.
 // Any string is considered to end with an empty suffix.
 bool String::EndsWithCaseInsensitive(
     const std::string& str, const std::string& suffix) {
@@ -2198,12 +2198,12 @@
   return result.skipped();
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the test was skipped.
+// Returns true if the test was skipped.
 bool TestResult::Skipped() const {
   return !Failed() && CountIf(test_part_results_, TestPartSkipped) > 0;
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the test failed.
+// Returns true if the test failed.
 bool TestResult::Failed() const {
   for (int i = 0; i < total_part_count(); ++i) {
     if (GetTestPartResult(i).failed())
@@ -2212,22 +2212,22 @@
   return false;
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the test part fatally failed.
+// Returns true if the test part fatally failed.
 static bool TestPartFatallyFailed(const TestPartResult& result) {
   return result.fatally_failed();
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the test fatally failed.
+// Returns true if the test fatally failed.
 bool TestResult::HasFatalFailure() const {
   return CountIf(test_part_results_, TestPartFatallyFailed) > 0;
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the test part non-fatally failed.
+// Returns true if the test part non-fatally failed.
 static bool TestPartNonfatallyFailed(const TestPartResult& result) {
   return result.nonfatally_failed();
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the test has a non-fatal failure.
+// Returns true if the test has a non-fatal failure.
 bool TestResult::HasNonfatalFailure() const {
   return CountIf(test_part_results_, TestPartNonfatallyFailed) > 0;
 }
@@ -2523,18 +2523,18 @@
       this, &Test::TearDown, "TearDown()");
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the current test has a fatal failure.
+// Returns true if the current test has a fatal failure.
 bool Test::HasFatalFailure() {
   return internal::GetUnitTestImpl()->current_test_result()->HasFatalFailure();
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the current test has a non-fatal failure.
+// Returns true if the current test has a non-fatal failure.
 bool Test::HasNonfatalFailure() {
   return internal::GetUnitTestImpl()->current_test_result()->
       HasNonfatalFailure();
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the current test was skipped.
+// Returns true if the current test was skipped.
 bool Test::IsSkipped() {
   return internal::GetUnitTestImpl()->current_test_result()->Skipped();
 }
@@ -2633,7 +2633,7 @@
   explicit TestNameIs(const char* name)
       : name_(name) {}
 
-  // Returns true iff the test name of test_info matches name_.
+  // Returns true if the test name of test_info matches name_.
   bool operator()(const TestInfo * test_info) const {
     return test_info && test_info->name() == name_;
   }
@@ -2992,7 +2992,7 @@
 
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 
-// Returns true iff Google Test should use colors in the output.
+// Returns true if Google Test should use colors in the output.
 bool ShouldUseColor(bool stdout_is_tty) {
   const char* const gtest_color = GTEST_FLAG(color).c_str();
 
@@ -4669,10 +4669,10 @@
   return impl()->elapsed_time();
 }
 
-// Returns true iff the unit test passed (i.e. all test suites passed).
+// Returns true if the unit test passed (i.e. all test suites passed).
 bool UnitTest::Passed() const { return impl()->Passed(); }
 
-// Returns true iff the unit test failed (i.e. some test suite failed
+// Returns true if the unit test failed (i.e. some test suite failed
 // or something outside of all tests failed).
 bool UnitTest::Failed() const { return impl()->Failed(); }
 
@@ -5111,7 +5111,7 @@
   // Constructor.
   explicit TestSuiteNameIs(const std::string& name) : name_(name) {}
 
-  // Returns true iff the name of test_suite matches name_.
+  // Returns true if the name of test_suite matches name_.
   bool operator()(const TestSuite* test_suite) const {
     return test_suite != nullptr &&
            strcmp(test_suite->name(), name_.c_str()) == 0;
@@ -5182,7 +5182,7 @@
 // All other functions called from RunAllTests() may safely assume that
 // parameterized tests are ready to be counted and run.
 bool UnitTestImpl::RunAllTests() {
-  // True iff Google Test is initialized before RUN_ALL_TESTS() is called.
+  // True if Google Test is initialized before RUN_ALL_TESTS() is called.
   const bool gtest_is_initialized_before_run_all_tests = GTestIsInitialized();
 
   // Do not run any test if the --help flag was specified.
@@ -5198,7 +5198,7 @@
   // protocol.
   internal::WriteToShardStatusFileIfNeeded();
 
-  // True iff we are in a subprocess for running a thread-safe-style
+  // True if we are in a subprocess for running a thread-safe-style
   // death test.
   bool in_subprocess_for_death_test = false;
 
@@ -5231,7 +5231,7 @@
   random_seed_ = GTEST_FLAG(shuffle) ?
       GetRandomSeedFromFlag(GTEST_FLAG(random_seed)) : 0;
 
-  // True iff at least one test has failed.
+  // True if at least one test has failed.
   bool failed = false;
 
   TestEventListener* repeater = listeners()->repeater();
@@ -5429,7 +5429,7 @@
 }
 
 // Given the total number of shards, the shard index, and the test id,
-// returns true iff the test should be run on this shard. The test id is
+// returns true if the test should be run on this shard. The test id is
 // some arbitrary but unique non-negative integer assigned to each test
 // method. Assumes that 0 <= shard_index < total_shards.
 bool ShouldRunTestOnShard(int total_shards, int shard_index, int test_id) {
@@ -6003,7 +6003,7 @@
 void ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly(int* argc, char** argv) {
   ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnlyImpl(argc, argv);
 
-  // Fix the value of *_NSGetArgc() on macOS, but iff
+  // Fix the value of *_NSGetArgc() on macOS, but if
   // *_NSGetArgv() == argv
   // Only applicable to char** version of argv
 #if GTEST_OS_MAC
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-death-test-test.cc b/googletest/test/googletest-death-test-test.cc
index 272b9c3..6c71fd8 100644
--- a/googletest/test/googletest-death-test-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-death-test-test.cc
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@
       DieInside("MemberFunction");
   }
 
-  // True iff MemberFunction() should die.
+  // True if MemberFunction() should die.
   bool should_die_;
   const FilePath original_dir_;
 };
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@
   }
 
  private:
-  // True iff MemberFunction() should die.
+  // True if MemberFunction() should die.
   bool should_die_;
 };
 
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@
   }, "died but not with expected error");
 }
 
-// On exit, *aborted will be true iff the EXPECT_DEATH() statement
+// On exit, *aborted will be true if the EXPECT_DEATH() statement
 // aborted the function.
 void ExpectDeathTestHelper(bool* aborted) {
   *aborted = true;
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-throw-on-failure-test.py b/googletest/test/googletest-throw-on-failure-test.py
index 7e4b158..a38cd33 100755
--- a/googletest/test/googletest-throw-on-failure-test.py
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-throw-on-failure-test.py
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
                         variable; None if the variable should be unset.
       flag_value:       value of the --gtest_break_on_failure flag;
                         None if the flag should not be present.
-      should_fail:      True iff the program is expected to fail.
+      should_fail:      True if the program is expected to fail.
     """
 
     SetEnvVar(THROW_ON_FAILURE, env_var_value)
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_environment_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_environment_test.cc
index fea542a..58908e6 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_environment_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_environment_test.cc
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-// Runs the tests.  Return true iff successful.
+// Runs the tests.  Return true if successful.
 //
 // The 'failure' parameter specifies the type of failure that should
 // be generated by the global set-up.
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_pred_impl_unittest.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_pred_impl_unittest.cc
index 049ef98..4d77896 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_pred_impl_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_pred_impl_unittest.cc
@@ -144,10 +144,10 @@
     }
   }
 
-  // true iff the test function is expected to run to finish.
+  // true if the test function is expected to run to finish.
   static bool expected_to_finish_;
 
-  // true iff the test function did run to finish.
+  // true if the test function did run to finish.
   static bool finished_;
 
   static int n1_;
@@ -539,10 +539,10 @@
     }
   }
 
-  // true iff the test function is expected to run to finish.
+  // true if the test function is expected to run to finish.
   static bool expected_to_finish_;
 
-  // true iff the test function did run to finish.
+  // true if the test function did run to finish.
   static bool finished_;
 
   static int n1_;
@@ -976,10 +976,10 @@
     }
   }
 
-  // true iff the test function is expected to run to finish.
+  // true if the test function is expected to run to finish.
   static bool expected_to_finish_;
 
-  // true iff the test function did run to finish.
+  // true if the test function did run to finish.
   static bool finished_;
 
   static int n1_;
@@ -1455,10 +1455,10 @@
     }
   }
 
-  // true iff the test function is expected to run to finish.
+  // true if the test function is expected to run to finish.
   static bool expected_to_finish_;
 
-  // true iff the test function did run to finish.
+  // true if the test function did run to finish.
   static bool finished_;
 
   static int n1_;
@@ -1976,10 +1976,10 @@
     }
   }
 
-  // true iff the test function is expected to run to finish.
+  // true if the test function is expected to run to finish.
   static bool expected_to_finish_;
 
-  // true iff the test function did run to finish.
+  // true if the test function did run to finish.
   static bool finished_;
 
   static int n1_;
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_premature_exit_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_premature_exit_test.cc
index 0920a97..777a8bf 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_premature_exit_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_premature_exit_test.cc
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
 
 class PrematureExitTest : public Test {
  public:
-  // Returns true iff the given file exists.
+  // Returns true if the given file exists.
   static bool FileExists(const char* filepath) {
     StatStruct stat;
     return Stat(filepath, &stat) == 0;
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
     }
   }
 
-  // Returns true iff the premature-exit file exists.
+  // Returns true if the premature-exit file exists.
   bool PrematureExitFileExists() const {
     return FileExists(premature_exit_file_path_);
   }
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_test_utils.py b/googletest/test/gtest_test_utils.py
index 9a4dcb8..abd56ec 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_test_utils.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_test_utils.py
@@ -215,10 +215,10 @@
     Returns:
       An object that represents outcome of the executed process. It has the
       following attributes:
-        terminated_by_signal   True iff the child process has been terminated
+        terminated_by_signal   True if the child process has been terminated
                                by a signal.
         signal                 Sygnal that terminated the child process.
-        exited                 True iff the child process exited normally.
+        exited                 True if the child process exited normally.
         exit_code              The code with which the child process exited.
         output                 Child process's stdout and stderr output
                                combined in a string.
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
index d481056..07ee171 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
@@ -2167,12 +2167,12 @@
 
 // First, some predicates and predicate-formatters needed by the tests.
 
-// Returns true iff the argument is an even number.
+// Returns true if the argument is an even number.
 bool IsEven(int n) {
   return (n % 2) == 0;
 }
 
-// A functor that returns true iff the argument is an even number.
+// A functor that returns true if the argument is an even number.
 struct IsEvenFunctor {
   bool operator()(int n) { return IsEven(n); }
 };
@@ -2216,12 +2216,12 @@
   }
 };
 
-// Returns true iff the sum of the arguments is an even number.
+// Returns true if the sum of the arguments is an even number.
 bool SumIsEven2(int n1, int n2) {
   return IsEven(n1 + n2);
 }
 
-// A functor that returns true iff the sum of the arguments is an even
+// A functor that returns true if the sum of the arguments is an even
 // number.
 struct SumIsEven3Functor {
   bool operator()(int n1, int n2, int n3) {