glib/tests/spawn-test.c - third_party/glib - Git at Google

 /* GLIB - Library of useful routines for C programming
  * Copyright (C) 1995-1997  Peter Mattis, Spencer Kimball and Josh MacDonald
  *
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
  *
  * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  *
  * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  * License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */

 /*
  * Modified by the GLib Team and others 1997-2000.  See the AUTHORS
  * file for a list of people on the GLib Team.  See the ChangeLog
  * files for a list of changes.  These files are distributed with
  * GLib at ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/.
  */

 #include <glib.h>
 #include <glib/gstdio.h>

 #ifdef G_OS_UNIX
 #include <unistd.h>
 #endif

 #ifdef G_OS_WIN32
 #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 #include <windows.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <io.h>
 #define pipe(fds) _pipe(fds, 4096, _O_BINARY)
 #endif

 #ifdef G_OS_WIN32
 static gchar *dirname = NULL;
 #endif

 #ifdef G_OS_WIN32
 static char *
 get_system_directory (void)
 {
   wchar_t path_utf16[MAX_PATH] = {0};
   char *path = NULL;

   if (!GetSystemDirectoryW (path_utf16, G_N_ELEMENTS (path_utf16)))
     g_error ("%s failed with error code %u", "GetSystemWindowsDirectory",
              (unsigned int) GetLastError ());

   path = g_utf16_to_utf8 (path_utf16, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
   g_assert_nonnull (path);

   return path;
 }

 static wchar_t *
 g_wcsdup (const wchar_t *wcs_string)
 {
   size_t length = wcslen (wcs_string);

   return g_memdup2 (wcs_string, (length + 1) * sizeof (wchar_t));
 }

 static wchar_t *
 g_wcsndup (const wchar_t *wcs_string,
            size_t         length)
 {
   wchar_t *result = NULL;

   g_assert_true (length < SIZE_MAX);

   result = g_new (wchar_t, length + 1);
   memcpy (result, wcs_string, length * sizeof (wchar_t));
   result[length] = L'\0';

   return result;
 }

 /**
  * parse_environment_string:
  *
  * @string: source environment string in the form <VARIABLE>=<VALUE>
  *          (e.g as returned by GetEnvironmentStrings)
  * @name: (out) (optional) (utf-16) name of the variable
  * @value: (out) (optional) (utf-16) value of the variable
  *
  * Parse environment string in the form <VARIABLE>=<VALUE>, for example
  * the strings in the environment block returned by GetEnvironmentStrings.
  *
  * Returns: %TRUE on success
  */
 static gboolean
 parse_environment_string (const wchar_t  *string,
                           wchar_t       **name,
                           wchar_t       **value)
 {
   const wchar_t *equal_sign;

   g_assert_nonnull (string);
   g_assert_true (name || value);

   /* On Windows environment variables may have an equal-sign
    * character as part of their name, but only as the first
    * character */
   equal_sign = wcschr (string[0] == L'=' ? (string + 1) : string, L'=');

   if (name)
     *name = equal_sign ? g_wcsndup (string, equal_sign - string) : NULL;

   if (value)
     *value = equal_sign ? g_wcsdup (equal_sign + 1) : NULL;

   return (equal_sign != NULL);
 }

 /**
  * find_cmd_shell_environment_variables:
  *
  * Finds all the environment variables related to cmd.exe, which are
  * usually (but not always) present in a process environment block.
  * Those environment variables are named "=X:", where X is a drive /
  * volume letter and are used by cmd.exe to track per-drive current
  * directories.
  *
  * See "What are these strange =C: environment variables?"
  * https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20100506-00/?p=14133
  *
  * This is used to test a work around for an UCRT issue
  * https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/t/UCRT-Crash-in-_wspawne-functions/10262748
  */
 static GList *
 find_cmd_shell_environment_variables (void)
 {
   wchar_t *block = NULL;
   wchar_t *iter = NULL;
   GList *variables = NULL;
   size_t len = 0;

   block = GetEnvironmentStringsW ();
   if (!block)
     {
       DWORD code = GetLastError ();
       g_error ("%s failed with error code %u",
                "GetEnvironmentStrings", (unsigned int) code);
     }

   iter = block;

   while ((len = wcslen (iter)))
     {
       if (iter[0] == L'=')
         {
           wchar_t *variable = NULL;

           g_assert_true (parse_environment_string (iter, &variable, NULL));
           g_assert_nonnull (variable);

           variables = g_list_prepend (variables, variable);
         }

       iter += len + 1;
     }

   FreeEnvironmentStringsW (block);

   return variables;
 }

 static void
 remove_environment_variables (GList *list)
 {
   for (GList *l = list; l; l = l->next)
     {
       const wchar_t *variable = (const wchar_t*) l->data;

       if (!SetEnvironmentVariableW (variable, NULL))
         {
           DWORD code = GetLastError ();
           g_error ("%s failed with error code %u",
                    "SetEnvironmentVariable", (unsigned int) code);
         }
     }
 }
 #endif /* G_OS_WIN32 */

 static void
 test_spawn_basics (void)
 {
   gboolean result;
   GError *err = NULL;
   gchar *output = NULL;
   gchar *erroutput = NULL;
 #ifdef G_OS_WIN32
   int n;
   char buf[100];
   int pipedown[2], pipeup[2];
   gchar **argv = NULL;
   gchar **envp = g_get_environ ();
   gchar *system_directory;
   gchar spawn_binary[1000] = {0};
   gchar full_cmdline[1000] = {0};
   GList *cmd_shell_env_vars = NULL;
   const LCID old_lcid = GetThreadUILanguage ();
   const unsigned int initial_cp = GetConsoleOutputCP ();

   SetConsoleOutputCP (437); /* 437 means en-US codepage */
   SetThreadUILanguage (MAKELCID (MAKELANGID (LANG_ENGLISH, SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US), SORT_DEFAULT));
   system_directory = get_system_directory ();

   g_snprintf (spawn_binary, sizeof (spawn_binary),
               "%s\\spawn-test-win32-gui.exe", dirname);
 #endif

   err = NULL;
   result =
     g_spawn_command_line_sync ("nonexistent_application foo 'bar baz' blah blah",
                                NULL, NULL, NULL, &err);
   g_assert_false (result);
   g_assert_error (err, G_SPAWN_ERROR, G_SPAWN_ERROR_NOENT);
   g_clear_error (&err);

   err = NULL;
   result =
     g_spawn_command_line_async ("nonexistent_application foo bar baz \"blah blah\"",
                                 &err);
   g_assert_false (result);
   g_assert_error (err, G_SPAWN_ERROR, G_SPAWN_ERROR_NOENT);
   g_clear_error (&err);

   err = NULL;
 #ifdef G_OS_UNIX
   result = g_spawn_command_line_sync ("/bin/sh -c 'echo hello'",
                                       &output, NULL, NULL, &err);
   g_assert_no_error (err);
   g_assert_true (result);
   g_assert_cmpstr (output, ==, "hello\n");

   g_free (output);
   output = NULL;
 #endif

   /* Running sort synchronously, collecting its output. 'sort' command
    * is selected because it is non-builtin command on both unix and
    * win32 with well-defined stdout behaviour.
    * On win32 we use an absolute path to the system-provided sort.exe
    * because a different sort.exe may be available in PATH. This is
    * important e.g for the MSYS2 environment, which provides coreutils
    * sort.exe
    */
   g_file_set_contents ("spawn-test-created-file.txt",
                        "line first\nline 2\nline last\n", -1, &err);
   g_assert_no_error(err);

 #ifndef G_OS_WIN32
   result = g_spawn_command_line_sync ("sort spawn-test-created-file.txt",
                                       &output, &erroutput, NULL, &err);
 #else
   g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline),
               "'%s\\sort.exe' spawn-test-created-file.txt", system_directory);
   result = g_spawn_command_line_sync (full_cmdline, &output, &erroutput, NULL, &err);
 #endif
   g_assert_no_error (err);
   g_assert_true (result);
   g_assert_nonnull (output);
   if (strchr (output, '\r') != NULL)
     g_assert_cmpstr (output, ==, "line 2\r\nline first\r\nline last\r\n");
   else
     g_assert_cmpstr (output, ==, "line 2\nline first\nline last\n");
   g_assert_cmpstr (erroutput, ==, "");

   g_free (output);
   output = NULL;
   g_free (erroutput);
   erroutput = NULL;

 #ifndef G_OS_WIN32
   result = g_spawn_command_line_sync ("sort non-existing-file.txt",
                                       NULL, &erroutput, NULL, &err);
 #else
   g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline),
               "'%s\\sort.exe' non-existing-file.txt", system_directory);
   result = g_spawn_command_line_sync (full_cmdline, NULL, &erroutput, NULL, &err);
 #endif
   g_assert_no_error (err);
   g_assert_true (result);
 #ifndef G_OS_WIN32
   /* Test against output of coreutils sort */
   g_assert_true (g_str_has_prefix (erroutput, "sort: "));
   g_assert_nonnull (strstr (erroutput, g_strerror (ENOENT)));
 #else
   /* Test against output of windows sort */
   {
     gchar *file_not_found_message = g_win32_error_message (ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND);
     g_test_message ("sort output: %s\nExpected message: %s", erroutput, file_not_found_message);
     g_assert_nonnull (strstr (erroutput, file_not_found_message));
     g_free (file_not_found_message);
   }
 #endif
   g_free (erroutput);
   erroutput = NULL;
   g_unlink ("spawn-test-created-file.txt");

 #ifdef G_OS_WIN32
   g_test_message ("Running spawn-test-win32-gui in various ways.");

   g_test_message ("First asynchronously (without wait).");
   g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline), "'%s' 1", spawn_binary);
   result = g_spawn_command_line_async (full_cmdline, &err);
   g_assert_no_error (err);
   g_assert_true (result);

   g_test_message ("Now synchronously, collecting its output.");
   g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline), "'%s' 2", spawn_binary);
   result =
     g_spawn_command_line_sync (full_cmdline, &output, &erroutput, NULL, &err);

   g_assert_no_error (err);
   g_assert_true (result);
   g_assert_cmpstr (output, ==, "# This is stdout\r\n");
   g_assert_cmpstr (erroutput, ==, "This is stderr\r\n");

   g_free (output);
   output = NULL;
   g_free (erroutput);
   erroutput = NULL;

   g_test_message ("Now with G_SPAWN_FILE_AND_ARGV_ZERO.");
   g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline),
               "'%s' this-should-be-argv-zero print_argv0", spawn_binary);
   result = g_shell_parse_argv (full_cmdline, NULL, &argv, &err);
   g_assert_no_error (err);
   g_assert_true (result);

   result = g_spawn_sync (NULL, argv, NULL, G_SPAWN_FILE_AND_ARGV_ZERO,
                          NULL, NULL, &output, NULL, NULL, &err);
   g_assert_no_error (err);
   g_assert_true (result);
   g_assert_cmpstr (output, ==, "this-should-be-argv-zero");

   g_free (output);
   output = NULL;
   g_free (argv);
   argv = NULL;

   g_test_message ("Now talking to it through pipes.");
   g_assert_cmpint (pipe (pipedown), >=, 0);
   g_assert_cmpint (pipe (pipeup), >=, 0);

   g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline), "'%s' pipes %d %d",
               spawn_binary, pipedown[0], pipeup[1]);

   result = g_shell_parse_argv (full_cmdline, NULL, &argv, &err);
   g_assert_no_error (err);
   g_assert_true (result);

   result = g_spawn_async (NULL, argv, NULL,
                           G_SPAWN_LEAVE_DESCRIPTORS_OPEN |
                           G_SPAWN_DO_NOT_REAP_CHILD,
                           NULL, NULL, NULL,
                           &err);
   g_assert_no_error (err);
   g_assert_true (result);
   g_free (argv);
   argv = NULL;

   g_assert_cmpint (read (pipeup[0], &n, sizeof (n)), ==, sizeof (n));
   g_assert_cmpint (read (pipeup[0], buf, n), ==, n);

   n = strlen ("Bye then");
   g_assert_cmpint (write (pipedown[1], &n, sizeof (n)), !=, -1);
   g_assert_cmpint (write (pipedown[1], "Bye then", n), !=, -1);

   g_assert_cmpint (read (pipeup[0], &n, sizeof (n)), ==, sizeof (n));
   g_assert_cmpint (n, ==, strlen ("See ya"));

   g_assert_cmpint (read (pipeup[0], buf, n), ==, n);

   buf[n] = '\0';
   g_assert_cmpstr (buf, ==, "See ya");

   /* Test workaround for:
    *
    * https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/t/UCRT-Crash-in-_wspawne-functions/10262748
    */
   cmd_shell_env_vars = find_cmd_shell_environment_variables ();
   remove_environment_variables (cmd_shell_env_vars);

   g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline),
               "'%s\\sort.exe' non-existing-file.txt", system_directory);
   g_assert_true (g_shell_parse_argv (full_cmdline, NULL, &argv, NULL));
   g_assert_nonnull (argv);
   g_spawn_sync (NULL, argv, envp, G_SPAWN_DEFAULT,
                 NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
   g_free (argv);
   argv = NULL;
 #endif

 #ifdef G_OS_WIN32
   SetThreadUILanguage (old_lcid);
   SetConsoleOutputCP (initial_cp); /* 437 means en-US codepage */
   g_list_free_full (cmd_shell_env_vars, g_free);
   g_strfreev (envp);
   g_free (system_directory);
 #endif
 }

 #ifdef G_OS_UNIX
 static void
 test_spawn_stdio_overwrite (void)
 {
   gboolean result;
   int ret;
   GError *error = NULL;
   int old_stdin_fd = -1;
   int old_stdout_fd = -1;
   int old_stderr_fd = -1;
   char **envp = g_get_environ ();
   enum OpenState { OPENED = 0, CLOSED = 1, DONE = 2 } stdin_state, stdout_state, stderr_state, output_return_state, error_return_state;

   g_test_bug ("https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/glib/-/issues/16");

   old_stdin_fd = dup (STDIN_FILENO);
   old_stdout_fd = dup (STDOUT_FILENO);
   old_stderr_fd = dup (STDERR_FILENO);

   for (output_return_state = OPENED; output_return_state != DONE; output_return_state++)
     for (error_return_state = OPENED; error_return_state != DONE; error_return_state++)
       for (stdin_state = OPENED; stdin_state != DONE; stdin_state++)
         for (stdout_state = OPENED; stdout_state != DONE; stdout_state++)
           for (stderr_state = OPENED; stderr_state != DONE; stderr_state++)
     {
         char *command_line = NULL;
         char **argv = NULL;
         gchar *standard_output = NULL;
         gchar *standard_error = NULL;

         g_test_message ("Fetching GSpawn result %s%s%s with stdin %s, stdout %s, stderr %s",
                         output_return_state == OPENED? "output" : "",
                         output_return_state == OPENED && error_return_state == OPENED? " and " : "",
                         error_return_state == OPENED? "error output" : "",
                         stdin_state == CLOSED? "already closed" : "open",
                         stdout_state == CLOSED? "already closed" : "open",
                         stderr_state == CLOSED? "already closed" : "open");

         if (stdin_state == CLOSED)
           {
             g_close (STDIN_FILENO, &error);
             g_assert_no_error (error);
           }

         if (stdout_state == CLOSED)
           {
             g_close (STDOUT_FILENO, &error);
             g_assert_no_error (error);
           }

         if (stderr_state == CLOSED)
           {
             g_close (STDERR_FILENO, &error);
             g_assert_no_error (error);
           }

         command_line = g_strdup_printf ("/bin/sh -c '%s%s%s'",
                                         output_return_state == OPENED? "echo stdout": "",
                                         output_return_state == OPENED && error_return_state == OPENED? ";" : "",
                                         error_return_state == OPENED? "echo stderr >&2": "");
         g_shell_parse_argv (command_line, NULL, &argv, &error);
         g_assert_no_error (error);

         g_clear_pointer (&command_line, g_free);

         result = g_spawn_sync (NULL,
                                argv, envp, G_SPAWN_SEARCH_PATH_FROM_ENVP,
                                NULL, NULL,
                                output_return_state == OPENED? &standard_output : NULL,
                                error_return_state == OPENED? &standard_error: NULL,
                                NULL,
                                &error);
         g_clear_pointer (&argv, g_strfreev);

         ret = dup2 (old_stderr_fd, STDERR_FILENO);
         g_assert_cmpint (ret, ==, STDERR_FILENO);

         ret = dup2 (old_stdout_fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
         g_assert_cmpint (ret, ==, STDOUT_FILENO);

         ret = dup2 (old_stdin_fd, STDIN_FILENO);
         g_assert_cmpint (ret, ==, STDIN_FILENO);

         g_assert_no_error (error);
         g_assert_true (result);

         if (output_return_state == OPENED)
           {
             g_assert_cmpstr (standard_output, ==, "stdout\n");
             g_clear_pointer (&standard_output, g_free);
           }

         if (error_return_state == OPENED)
           {
             g_assert_cmpstr (standard_error, ==, "stderr\n");
             g_clear_pointer (&standard_error, g_free);
           }
     }

   g_clear_fd (&old_stdin_fd, &error);
   g_assert_no_error (error);

   g_clear_fd (&old_stdout_fd, &error);
   g_assert_no_error (error);

   g_clear_fd (&old_stderr_fd, &error);
   g_assert_no_error (error);

   g_clear_pointer (&envp, g_strfreev);
 }
 #endif

 int
 main (int   argc,
       char *argv[])
 {
   int ret_val;

 #ifdef G_OS_WIN32
   dirname = g_path_get_dirname (argv[0]);
 #endif

   g_test_init (&argc, &argv, NULL);

   g_test_add_func ("/spawn/basics", test_spawn_basics);
 #ifdef G_OS_UNIX
   g_test_add_func ("/spawn/stdio-overwrite", test_spawn_stdio_overwrite);
 #endif

   ret_val = g_test_run ();

 #ifdef G_OS_WIN32
   g_free (dirname);
 #endif
   return ret_val;
 }
	/* GLIB - Library of useful routines for C programming
	* Copyright (C) 1995-1997 Peter Mattis, Spencer Kimball and Josh MacDonald
	*
	* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
	*
	* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
	* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
	* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
	* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
	*
	* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
	* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
	* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
	* Lesser General Public License for more details.
	*
	* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
	* License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
	*/

	/*
	* Modified by the GLib Team and others 1997-2000. See the AUTHORS
	* file for a list of people on the GLib Team. See the ChangeLog
	* files for a list of changes. These files are distributed with
	* GLib at ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/.
	*/

	#include <glib.h>
	#include <glib/gstdio.h>

	#ifdef G_OS_UNIX
	#include <unistd.h>
	#endif

	#ifdef G_OS_WIN32
	#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
	#include <windows.h>
	#include <fcntl.h>
	#include <io.h>
	#define pipe(fds) _pipe(fds, 4096, _O_BINARY)
	#endif

	#ifdef G_OS_WIN32
	static gchar *dirname = NULL;
	#endif

	#ifdef G_OS_WIN32
	static char *
	get_system_directory (void)
	{
	wchar_t path_utf16[MAX_PATH] = {0};
	char *path = NULL;

	if (!GetSystemDirectoryW (path_utf16, G_N_ELEMENTS (path_utf16)))
	g_error ("%s failed with error code %u", "GetSystemWindowsDirectory",
	(unsigned int) GetLastError ());

	path = g_utf16_to_utf8 (path_utf16, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL);
	g_assert_nonnull (path);

	return path;
	}

	static wchar_t *
	g_wcsdup (const wchar_t *wcs_string)
	{
	size_t length = wcslen (wcs_string);

	return g_memdup2 (wcs_string, (length + 1) * sizeof (wchar_t));
	}

	static wchar_t *
	g_wcsndup (const wchar_t *wcs_string,
	size_t length)
	{
	wchar_t *result = NULL;

	g_assert_true (length < SIZE_MAX);

	result = g_new (wchar_t, length + 1);
	memcpy (result, wcs_string, length * sizeof (wchar_t));
	result[length] = L'\0';

	return result;
	}

	/**
	* parse_environment_string:
	*
	* @string: source environment string in the form <VARIABLE>=<VALUE>
	* (e.g as returned by GetEnvironmentStrings)
	* @name: (out) (optional) (utf-16) name of the variable
	* @value: (out) (optional) (utf-16) value of the variable
	*
	* Parse environment string in the form <VARIABLE>=<VALUE>, for example
	* the strings in the environment block returned by GetEnvironmentStrings.
	*
	* Returns: %TRUE on success
	*/
	static gboolean
	parse_environment_string (const wchar_t *string,
	wchar_t **name,
	wchar_t **value)
	{
	const wchar_t *equal_sign;

	g_assert_nonnull (string);
	g_assert_true (name \|\| value);

	/* On Windows environment variables may have an equal-sign
	* character as part of their name, but only as the first
	* character */
	equal_sign = wcschr (string[0] == L'=' ? (string + 1) : string, L'=');

	if (name)
	*name = equal_sign ? g_wcsndup (string, equal_sign - string) : NULL;

	if (value)
	*value = equal_sign ? g_wcsdup (equal_sign + 1) : NULL;

	return (equal_sign != NULL);
	}

	/**
	* find_cmd_shell_environment_variables:
	*
	* Finds all the environment variables related to cmd.exe, which are
	* usually (but not always) present in a process environment block.
	* Those environment variables are named "=X:", where X is a drive /
	* volume letter and are used by cmd.exe to track per-drive current
	* directories.
	*
	* See "What are these strange =C: environment variables?"
	* https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20100506-00/?p=14133
	*
	* This is used to test a work around for an UCRT issue
	* https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/t/UCRT-Crash-in-_wspawne-functions/10262748
	*/
	static GList *
	find_cmd_shell_environment_variables (void)
	{
	wchar_t *block = NULL;
	wchar_t *iter = NULL;
	GList *variables = NULL;
	size_t len = 0;

	block = GetEnvironmentStringsW ();
	if (!block)
	{
	DWORD code = GetLastError ();
	g_error ("%s failed with error code %u",
	"GetEnvironmentStrings", (unsigned int) code);
	}

	iter = block;

	while ((len = wcslen (iter)))
	{
	if (iter[0] == L'=')
	{
	wchar_t *variable = NULL;

	g_assert_true (parse_environment_string (iter, &variable, NULL));
	g_assert_nonnull (variable);

	variables = g_list_prepend (variables, variable);
	}

	iter += len + 1;
	}

	FreeEnvironmentStringsW (block);

	return variables;
	}

	static void
	remove_environment_variables (GList *list)
	{
	for (GList *l = list; l; l = l->next)
	{
	const wchar_t variable = (const wchar_t) l->data;

	if (!SetEnvironmentVariableW (variable, NULL))
	{
	DWORD code = GetLastError ();
	g_error ("%s failed with error code %u",
	"SetEnvironmentVariable", (unsigned int) code);
	}
	}
	}
	#endif /* G_OS_WIN32 */

	static void
	test_spawn_basics (void)
	{
	gboolean result;
	GError *err = NULL;
	gchar *output = NULL;
	gchar *erroutput = NULL;
	#ifdef G_OS_WIN32
	int n;
	char buf[100];
	int pipedown[2], pipeup[2];
	gchar **argv = NULL;
	gchar **envp = g_get_environ ();
	gchar *system_directory;
	gchar spawn_binary[1000] = {0};
	gchar full_cmdline[1000] = {0};
	GList *cmd_shell_env_vars = NULL;
	const LCID old_lcid = GetThreadUILanguage ();
	const unsigned int initial_cp = GetConsoleOutputCP ();

	SetConsoleOutputCP (437); /* 437 means en-US codepage */
	SetThreadUILanguage (MAKELCID (MAKELANGID (LANG_ENGLISH, SUBLANG_ENGLISH_US), SORT_DEFAULT));
	system_directory = get_system_directory ();

	g_snprintf (spawn_binary, sizeof (spawn_binary),
	"%s\\spawn-test-win32-gui.exe", dirname);
	#endif

	err = NULL;
	result =
	g_spawn_command_line_sync ("nonexistent_application foo 'bar baz' blah blah",
	NULL, NULL, NULL, &err);
	g_assert_false (result);
	g_assert_error (err, G_SPAWN_ERROR, G_SPAWN_ERROR_NOENT);
	g_clear_error (&err);

	err = NULL;
	result =
	g_spawn_command_line_async ("nonexistent_application foo bar baz \"blah blah\"",
	&err);
	g_assert_false (result);
	g_assert_error (err, G_SPAWN_ERROR, G_SPAWN_ERROR_NOENT);
	g_clear_error (&err);

	err = NULL;
	#ifdef G_OS_UNIX
	result = g_spawn_command_line_sync ("/bin/sh -c 'echo hello'",
	&output, NULL, NULL, &err);
	g_assert_no_error (err);
	g_assert_true (result);
	g_assert_cmpstr (output, ==, "hello\n");

	g_free (output);
	output = NULL;
	#endif

	/* Running sort synchronously, collecting its output. 'sort' command
	* is selected because it is non-builtin command on both unix and
	* win32 with well-defined stdout behaviour.
	* On win32 we use an absolute path to the system-provided sort.exe
	* because a different sort.exe may be available in PATH. This is
	* important e.g for the MSYS2 environment, which provides coreutils
	* sort.exe
	*/
	g_file_set_contents ("spawn-test-created-file.txt",
	"line first\nline 2\nline last\n", -1, &err);
	g_assert_no_error(err);

	#ifndef G_OS_WIN32
	result = g_spawn_command_line_sync ("sort spawn-test-created-file.txt",
	&output, &erroutput, NULL, &err);
	#else
	g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline),
	"'%s\\sort.exe' spawn-test-created-file.txt", system_directory);
	result = g_spawn_command_line_sync (full_cmdline, &output, &erroutput, NULL, &err);
	#endif
	g_assert_no_error (err);
	g_assert_true (result);
	g_assert_nonnull (output);
	if (strchr (output, '\r') != NULL)
	g_assert_cmpstr (output, ==, "line 2\r\nline first\r\nline last\r\n");
	else
	g_assert_cmpstr (output, ==, "line 2\nline first\nline last\n");
	g_assert_cmpstr (erroutput, ==, "");

	g_free (output);
	output = NULL;
	g_free (erroutput);
	erroutput = NULL;

	#ifndef G_OS_WIN32
	result = g_spawn_command_line_sync ("sort non-existing-file.txt",
	NULL, &erroutput, NULL, &err);
	#else
	g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline),
	"'%s\\sort.exe' non-existing-file.txt", system_directory);
	result = g_spawn_command_line_sync (full_cmdline, NULL, &erroutput, NULL, &err);
	#endif
	g_assert_no_error (err);
	g_assert_true (result);
	#ifndef G_OS_WIN32
	/* Test against output of coreutils sort */
	g_assert_true (g_str_has_prefix (erroutput, "sort: "));
	g_assert_nonnull (strstr (erroutput, g_strerror (ENOENT)));
	#else
	/* Test against output of windows sort */
	{
	gchar *file_not_found_message = g_win32_error_message (ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND);
	g_test_message ("sort output: %s\nExpected message: %s", erroutput, file_not_found_message);
	g_assert_nonnull (strstr (erroutput, file_not_found_message));
	g_free (file_not_found_message);
	}
	#endif
	g_free (erroutput);
	erroutput = NULL;
	g_unlink ("spawn-test-created-file.txt");

	#ifdef G_OS_WIN32
	g_test_message ("Running spawn-test-win32-gui in various ways.");

	g_test_message ("First asynchronously (without wait).");
	g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline), "'%s' 1", spawn_binary);
	result = g_spawn_command_line_async (full_cmdline, &err);
	g_assert_no_error (err);
	g_assert_true (result);

	g_test_message ("Now synchronously, collecting its output.");
	g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline), "'%s' 2", spawn_binary);
	result =
	g_spawn_command_line_sync (full_cmdline, &output, &erroutput, NULL, &err);

	g_assert_no_error (err);
	g_assert_true (result);
	g_assert_cmpstr (output, ==, "# This is stdout\r\n");
	g_assert_cmpstr (erroutput, ==, "This is stderr\r\n");

	g_free (output);
	output = NULL;
	g_free (erroutput);
	erroutput = NULL;

	g_test_message ("Now with G_SPAWN_FILE_AND_ARGV_ZERO.");
	g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline),
	"'%s' this-should-be-argv-zero print_argv0", spawn_binary);
	result = g_shell_parse_argv (full_cmdline, NULL, &argv, &err);
	g_assert_no_error (err);
	g_assert_true (result);

	result = g_spawn_sync (NULL, argv, NULL, G_SPAWN_FILE_AND_ARGV_ZERO,
	NULL, NULL, &output, NULL, NULL, &err);
	g_assert_no_error (err);
	g_assert_true (result);
	g_assert_cmpstr (output, ==, "this-should-be-argv-zero");

	g_free (output);
	output = NULL;
	g_free (argv);
	argv = NULL;

	g_test_message ("Now talking to it through pipes.");
	g_assert_cmpint (pipe (pipedown), >=, 0);
	g_assert_cmpint (pipe (pipeup), >=, 0);

	g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline), "'%s' pipes %d %d",
	spawn_binary, pipedown[0], pipeup[1]);

	result = g_shell_parse_argv (full_cmdline, NULL, &argv, &err);
	g_assert_no_error (err);
	g_assert_true (result);

	result = g_spawn_async (NULL, argv, NULL,
	G_SPAWN_LEAVE_DESCRIPTORS_OPEN \|
	G_SPAWN_DO_NOT_REAP_CHILD,
	NULL, NULL, NULL,
	&err);
	g_assert_no_error (err);
	g_assert_true (result);
	g_free (argv);
	argv = NULL;

	g_assert_cmpint (read (pipeup[0], &n, sizeof (n)), ==, sizeof (n));
	g_assert_cmpint (read (pipeup[0], buf, n), ==, n);

	n = strlen ("Bye then");
	g_assert_cmpint (write (pipedown[1], &n, sizeof (n)), !=, -1);
	g_assert_cmpint (write (pipedown[1], "Bye then", n), !=, -1);

	g_assert_cmpint (read (pipeup[0], &n, sizeof (n)), ==, sizeof (n));
	g_assert_cmpint (n, ==, strlen ("See ya"));

	g_assert_cmpint (read (pipeup[0], buf, n), ==, n);

	buf[n] = '\0';
	g_assert_cmpstr (buf, ==, "See ya");

	/* Test workaround for:
	*
	* https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/t/UCRT-Crash-in-_wspawne-functions/10262748
	*/
	cmd_shell_env_vars = find_cmd_shell_environment_variables ();
	remove_environment_variables (cmd_shell_env_vars);

	g_snprintf (full_cmdline, sizeof (full_cmdline),
	"'%s\\sort.exe' non-existing-file.txt", system_directory);
	g_assert_true (g_shell_parse_argv (full_cmdline, NULL, &argv, NULL));
	g_assert_nonnull (argv);
	g_spawn_sync (NULL, argv, envp, G_SPAWN_DEFAULT,
	NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
	g_free (argv);
	argv = NULL;
	#endif

	#ifdef G_OS_WIN32
	SetThreadUILanguage (old_lcid);
	SetConsoleOutputCP (initial_cp); /* 437 means en-US codepage */
	g_list_free_full (cmd_shell_env_vars, g_free);
	g_strfreev (envp);
	g_free (system_directory);
	#endif
	}

	#ifdef G_OS_UNIX
	static void
	test_spawn_stdio_overwrite (void)
	{
	gboolean result;
	int ret;
	GError *error = NULL;
	int old_stdin_fd = -1;
	int old_stdout_fd = -1;
	int old_stderr_fd = -1;
	char **envp = g_get_environ ();
	enum OpenState { OPENED = 0, CLOSED = 1, DONE = 2 } stdin_state, stdout_state, stderr_state, output_return_state, error_return_state;

	g_test_bug ("https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/glib/-/issues/16");

	old_stdin_fd = dup (STDIN_FILENO);
	old_stdout_fd = dup (STDOUT_FILENO);
	old_stderr_fd = dup (STDERR_FILENO);

	for (output_return_state = OPENED; output_return_state != DONE; output_return_state++)
	for (error_return_state = OPENED; error_return_state != DONE; error_return_state++)
	for (stdin_state = OPENED; stdin_state != DONE; stdin_state++)
	for (stdout_state = OPENED; stdout_state != DONE; stdout_state++)
	for (stderr_state = OPENED; stderr_state != DONE; stderr_state++)
	{
	char *command_line = NULL;
	char **argv = NULL;
	gchar *standard_output = NULL;
	gchar *standard_error = NULL;

	g_test_message ("Fetching GSpawn result %s%s%s with stdin %s, stdout %s, stderr %s",
	output_return_state == OPENED? "output" : "",
	output_return_state == OPENED && error_return_state == OPENED? " and " : "",
	error_return_state == OPENED? "error output" : "",
	stdin_state == CLOSED? "already closed" : "open",
	stdout_state == CLOSED? "already closed" : "open",
	stderr_state == CLOSED? "already closed" : "open");

	if (stdin_state == CLOSED)
	{
	g_close (STDIN_FILENO, &error);
	g_assert_no_error (error);
	}

	if (stdout_state == CLOSED)
	{
	g_close (STDOUT_FILENO, &error);
	g_assert_no_error (error);
	}

	if (stderr_state == CLOSED)
	{
	g_close (STDERR_FILENO, &error);
	g_assert_no_error (error);
	}

	command_line = g_strdup_printf ("/bin/sh -c '%s%s%s'",
	output_return_state == OPENED? "echo stdout": "",
	output_return_state == OPENED && error_return_state == OPENED? ";" : "",
	error_return_state == OPENED? "echo stderr >&2": "");
	g_shell_parse_argv (command_line, NULL, &argv, &error);
	g_assert_no_error (error);

	g_clear_pointer (&command_line, g_free);

	result = g_spawn_sync (NULL,
	argv, envp, G_SPAWN_SEARCH_PATH_FROM_ENVP,
	NULL, NULL,
	output_return_state == OPENED? &standard_output : NULL,
	error_return_state == OPENED? &standard_error: NULL,
	NULL,
	&error);
	g_clear_pointer (&argv, g_strfreev);

	ret = dup2 (old_stderr_fd, STDERR_FILENO);
	g_assert_cmpint (ret, ==, STDERR_FILENO);

	ret = dup2 (old_stdout_fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
	g_assert_cmpint (ret, ==, STDOUT_FILENO);

	ret = dup2 (old_stdin_fd, STDIN_FILENO);
	g_assert_cmpint (ret, ==, STDIN_FILENO);

	g_assert_no_error (error);
	g_assert_true (result);

	if (output_return_state == OPENED)
	{
	g_assert_cmpstr (standard_output, ==, "stdout\n");
	g_clear_pointer (&standard_output, g_free);
	}

	if (error_return_state == OPENED)
	{
	g_assert_cmpstr (standard_error, ==, "stderr\n");
	g_clear_pointer (&standard_error, g_free);
	}
	}

	g_clear_fd (&old_stdin_fd, &error);
	g_assert_no_error (error);

	g_clear_fd (&old_stdout_fd, &error);
	g_assert_no_error (error);

	g_clear_fd (&old_stderr_fd, &error);
	g_assert_no_error (error);

	g_clear_pointer (&envp, g_strfreev);
	}
	#endif

	int
	main (int argc,
	char *argv[])
	{
	int ret_val;

	#ifdef G_OS_WIN32
	dirname = g_path_get_dirname (argv[0]);
	#endif

	g_test_init (&argc, &argv, NULL);

	g_test_add_func ("/spawn/basics", test_spawn_basics);
	#ifdef G_OS_UNIX
	g_test_add_func ("/spawn/stdio-overwrite", test_spawn_stdio_overwrite);
	#endif

	ret_val = g_test_run ();

	#ifdef G_OS_WIN32
	g_free (dirname);
	#endif
	return ret_val;
	}