glib/gurifuncs.c

/* GIO - GLib Input, Output and Streaming Library
 * 
 * Copyright (C) 2006-2007 Red Hat, Inc.
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General
 * Public License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 *
 * Author: Alexander Larsson <alexl@redhat.com>
 */

#include "config.h"

#include "gurifuncs.h"

#include <glib/gstrfuncs.h>
#include <glib/gmessages.h>
#include <glib/gstring.h>
#include <glib/gmem.h>

#include <string.h>

#include "config.h"

/**
 * SECTION:gurifuncs
 * @title: URI Functions
 * @short_description: manipulating URIs
 *
 * Functions for manipulating Universal Resource Identifiers (URIs) as
 * defined by
 * [RFC 3986](http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt).
 * It is highly recommended that you have read and
 * understand RFC 3986 for understanding this API.
 */

static int
unescape_character (const char *scanner)
{
  int first_digit;
  int second_digit;
  
  first_digit = g_ascii_xdigit_value (*scanner++);
  if (first_digit < 0)
    return -1;

  second_digit = g_ascii_xdigit_value (*scanner++);
  if (second_digit < 0)
    return -1;

  return (first_digit << 4) | second_digit;
}

/**
 * g_uri_unescape_segment:
 * @escaped_string: (nullable): A string, may be %NULL
 * @escaped_string_end: (nullable): Pointer to end of @escaped_string, may be %NULL
 * @illegal_characters: (nullable): An optional string of illegal characters not to be allowed, may be %NULL
 * 
 * Unescapes a segment of an escaped string.
 *
 * If any of the characters in @illegal_characters or the character zero appears
 * as an escaped character in @escaped_string then that is an error and %NULL
 * will be returned. This is useful it you want to avoid for instance having a
 * slash being expanded in an escaped path element, which might confuse pathname
 * handling.
 *
 * Returns: an unescaped version of @escaped_string or %NULL on error.
 * The returned string should be freed when no longer needed.  As a
 * special case if %NULL is given for @escaped_string, this function
 * will return %NULL.
 *
 * Since: 2.16
 **/
char *
g_uri_unescape_segment (const char *escaped_string,
			const char *escaped_string_end,
			const char *illegal_characters)
{
  const char *in;
  char *out, *result;
  gint character;
  
  if (escaped_string == NULL)
    return NULL;
  
  if (escaped_string_end == NULL)
    escaped_string_end = escaped_string + strlen (escaped_string);
  
  result = g_malloc (escaped_string_end - escaped_string + 1);
  
  out = result;
  for (in = escaped_string; in < escaped_string_end; in++)
    {
      character = *in;
      
      if (*in == '%')
	{
	  in++;
	  
	  if (escaped_string_end - in < 2)
	    {
	      /* Invalid escaped char (to short) */
	      g_free (result);
	      return NULL;
	    }
	  
	  character = unescape_character (in);
	  
	  /* Check for an illegal character. We consider '\0' illegal here. */
	  if (character <= 0 ||
	      (illegal_characters != NULL &&
	       strchr (illegal_characters, (char)character) != NULL))
	    {
	      g_free (result);
	      return NULL;
	    }
	  
	  in++; /* The other char will be eaten in the loop header */
	}
      *out++ = (char)character;
    }
  
  *out = '\0';
  
  return result;
}

/**
 * g_uri_unescape_string:
 * @escaped_string: an escaped string to be unescaped.
 * @illegal_characters: (nullable): a string of illegal characters not to be
 *      allowed, or %NULL.
 * 
 * Unescapes a whole escaped string.
 * 
 * If any of the characters in @illegal_characters or the character zero appears
 * as an escaped character in @escaped_string then that is an error and %NULL
 * will be returned. This is useful it you want to avoid for instance having a
 * slash being expanded in an escaped path element, which might confuse pathname
 * handling.
 *
 * Returns: an unescaped version of @escaped_string. The returned string 
 * should be freed when no longer needed.
 *
 * Since: 2.16
 **/
char *
g_uri_unescape_string (const char *escaped_string,
		       const char *illegal_characters)
{
  return g_uri_unescape_segment (escaped_string, NULL, illegal_characters);
}

/**
 * g_uri_parse_scheme:
 * @uri: a valid URI.
 * 
 * Gets the scheme portion of a URI string. RFC 3986 decodes the scheme as:
 * |[
 * URI = scheme ":" hier-part [ "?" query ] [ "#" fragment ] 
 * ]|
 * Common schemes include "file", "http", "svn+ssh", etc.
 * 
 * Returns: The "Scheme" component of the URI, or %NULL on error. 
 * The returned string should be freed when no longer needed.
 *
 * Since: 2.16
 **/
char *
g_uri_parse_scheme (const char  *uri)
{
  const char *p;
  char c;

  g_return_val_if_fail (uri != NULL, NULL);

  /* From RFC 3986 Decodes:
   * URI         = scheme ":" hier-part [ "?" query ] [ "#" fragment ]
   */ 

  p = uri;
  
  /* Decode scheme:
     scheme      = ALPHA *( ALPHA / DIGIT / "+" / "-" / "." )
  */

  if (!g_ascii_isalpha (*p))
    return NULL;
  
  while (1)
    {
      c = *p++;
      
      if (c == ':')
	break;
      
      if (!(g_ascii_isalnum(c) ||
	    c == '+' ||
	    c == '-' ||
	    c == '.'))
	return NULL;
    }
  
  return g_strndup (uri, p - uri - 1);
}

/**
 * g_uri_escape_string:
 * @unescaped: the unescaped input string.
 * @reserved_chars_allowed: (nullable): a string of reserved characters that
 *      are allowed to be used, or %NULL.
 * @allow_utf8: %TRUE if the result can include UTF-8 characters.
 * 
 * Escapes a string for use in a URI.
 *
 * Normally all characters that are not "unreserved" (i.e. ASCII alphanumerical
 * characters plus dash, dot, underscore and tilde) are escaped.
 * But if you specify characters in @reserved_chars_allowed they are not
 * escaped. This is useful for the "reserved" characters in the URI
 * specification, since those are allowed unescaped in some portions of
 * a URI. 
 * 
 * Returns: an escaped version of @unescaped. The returned string should be 
 * freed when no longer needed.
 *
 * Since: 2.16
 **/
char *
g_uri_escape_string (const char *unescaped,
		     const char  *reserved_chars_allowed,
		     gboolean     allow_utf8)
{
  GString *s;

  g_return_val_if_fail (unescaped != NULL, NULL);

  s = g_string_sized_new (strlen (unescaped) + 10);
  
  g_string_append_uri_escaped (s, unescaped, reserved_chars_allowed, allow_utf8);
  
  return g_string_free (s, FALSE);
}