Rollup merge of #153697 - teor2345:fn-arg-splat-experiment, r=oli-obk

Add arg splat experiment initial tuple impl

### Description

This PR is part of the argument splatting lang experiment, and FFI overloading / C++ interop project goals:
- https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/153629
- https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-project-goals/2026/overloading-for-ffi.html
- https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-project-goals/2025h2/interop-problem-map.html

Example code using existing unstable features:
- https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=nightly&mode=debug&edition=2024&gist=f42a3754a63a3d9365670e57257053d5

Discussion of implementation strategy:
- [#t-lang > On overloading @ 💬](https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/channel/213817-t-lang/topic/On.20overloading/near/579590336)

The PR is the initial implementation of the feature:
- `splat` incomplete feature gate
- `#[splat]` attribute on function arguments
- Splatted function argument TypeInfo
- `#[splat]` function parameter check at THIR level
- splatted MIR lowering (as tupled arguments)
- feature gate and UI tests for item type filtering, non-splattable arguments, splattable tuples, generics, and the "overloading at home" example
  - about half the diff (1100 lines) is tests and test output

Once this PR merges, we can add further functionality, then test it out in interop tools.

### Perf Impact

We expect a 0.1% regression on 5 primary and 0.2% regression on 4 secondary benchmarks in this PR, based on [this perf run](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/158251#issuecomment-4771006751).

We tried a number of different ways to improve perf. Limiting splat to the 255th or lower argument is a simple hack that gives good perf, and is good enough for an experiment.

This PR series already has significant perf wins in rust-lang/rust#155223 - [0.3% perf improvement across 45 primary benchmarks](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/155223#issuecomment-4257477836). We're spending a small amount of that perf for the new feature in this PR.

### Out of Scope for this PR

- Change codegen to de-tuple caller and callee
- Better diagnostics
- Full support for splatted function pointer arguments
tree: 1eae41ef9740259d43d0376096c7a33be588e4f1
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