"""Support for building extensions using mypyc with distutils or setuptools

The main entry point is mypycify, which produces a list of extension
modules to be passed to setup. A trivial setup.py for a mypyc built
project, then, looks like:

    from setuptools import setup
    from mypyc.build import mypycify

    setup(name='test_module',
          ext_modules=mypycify(['foo.py']),
    )

See the mypycify docs for additional arguments.

mypycify can integrate with either distutils or setuptools, but needs
to know at import-time whether it is using distutils or setuputils. We
hackily decide based on whether setuptools has been imported already.
"""

from __future__ import annotations

import hashlib
import os.path
import re
import sys
import time
from collections.abc import Iterable
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, NamedTuple, NoReturn, cast

import mypyc.build_setup  # noqa: F401
from mypy.build import BuildSource
from mypy.errors import CompileError
from mypy.fscache import FileSystemCache
from mypy.main import process_options
from mypy.options import Options
from mypy.util import write_junit_xml
from mypyc.annotate import generate_annotated_html
from mypyc.codegen import emitmodule
from mypyc.common import IS_FREE_THREADED, RUNTIME_C_FILES, shared_lib_name
from mypyc.errors import Errors
from mypyc.ir.deps import SourceDep
from mypyc.ir.pprint import format_modules
from mypyc.namegen import exported_name
from mypyc.options import CompilerOptions


class ModDesc(NamedTuple):
    module: str
    c_files: list[str]
    other_files: list[str]
    include_dirs: list[str]


LIBRT_MODULES = [
    ModDesc("librt.internal", ["internal/librt_internal.c"], [], ["internal"]),
    ModDesc("librt.strings", ["strings/librt_strings.c"], [], ["strings"]),
    ModDesc(
        "librt.base64",
        [
            "base64/librt_base64.c",
            "base64/lib.c",
            "base64/codec_choose.c",
            "base64/tables/tables.c",
            "base64/arch/generic/codec.c",
            "base64/arch/ssse3/codec.c",
            "base64/arch/sse41/codec.c",
            "base64/arch/sse42/codec.c",
            "base64/arch/avx/codec.c",
            "base64/arch/avx2/codec.c",
            "base64/arch/avx512/codec.c",
            "base64/arch/neon32/codec.c",
            "base64/arch/neon64/codec.c",
        ],
        [
            "base64/arch/avx/enc_loop_asm.c",
            "base64/arch/avx2/enc_loop.c",
            "base64/arch/avx2/enc_loop_asm.c",
            "base64/arch/avx2/enc_reshuffle.c",
            "base64/arch/avx2/enc_translate.c",
            "base64/arch/avx2/dec_loop.c",
            "base64/arch/avx2/dec_reshuffle.c",
            "base64/arch/generic/32/enc_loop.c",
            "base64/arch/generic/64/enc_loop.c",
            "base64/arch/generic/32/dec_loop.c",
            "base64/arch/generic/enc_head.c",
            "base64/arch/generic/enc_tail.c",
            "base64/arch/generic/dec_head.c",
            "base64/arch/generic/dec_tail.c",
            "base64/arch/ssse3/dec_reshuffle.c",
            "base64/arch/ssse3/dec_loop.c",
            "base64/arch/ssse3/enc_loop_asm.c",
            "base64/arch/ssse3/enc_translate.c",
            "base64/arch/ssse3/enc_reshuffle.c",
            "base64/arch/ssse3/enc_loop.c",
            "base64/arch/neon64/dec_loop.c",
            "base64/arch/neon64/enc_loop_asm.c",
            "base64/codecs.h",
            "base64/env.h",
            "base64/lib_openmp.c",
            "base64/tables/tables.h",
            "base64/tables/table_dec_32bit.h",
            "base64/tables/table_enc_12bit.h",
        ],
        ["base64"],
    ),
    ModDesc(
        "librt.vecs",
        [
            "vecs/librt_vecs.c",
            "vecs/vec_i64.c",
            "vecs/vec_i32.c",
            "vecs/vec_i16.c",
            "vecs/vec_u8.c",
            "vecs/vec_float.c",
            "vecs/vec_bool.c",
            "vecs/vec_t.c",
            "vecs/vec_nested.c",
        ],
        ["vecs/librt_vecs.h", "vecs/vec_template.c"],
        ["vecs"],
    ),
    ModDesc("librt.time", ["time/librt_time.c"], ["time/librt_time.h"], []),
    ModDesc("librt.random", ["random/librt_random.c"], ["random/librt_random.h"], ["random"]),
]

try:
    # Import setuptools so that it monkey-patch overrides distutils
    import setuptools
except ImportError:
    pass

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):
        from setuptools import Extension
    else:
        from distutils.core import Extension as _distutils_Extension
        from typing import TypeAlias

        from setuptools import Extension as _setuptools_Extension

        Extension: TypeAlias = _setuptools_Extension | _distutils_Extension

if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):
    # From setuptools' monkeypatch
    from distutils import ccompiler, sysconfig  # type: ignore[import-not-found]
else:
    from distutils import ccompiler, sysconfig


def get_extension() -> type[Extension]:
    # We can work with either setuptools or distutils, and pick setuptools
    # if it has been imported.
    use_setuptools = "setuptools" in sys.modules
    extension_class: type[Extension]

    if sys.version_info < (3, 12) and not use_setuptools:
        import distutils.core

        extension_class = distutils.core.Extension
    else:
        if not use_setuptools:
            sys.exit("error: setuptools not installed")
        extension_class = setuptools.Extension

    return extension_class


def setup_mypycify_vars() -> None:
    """Rewrite a bunch of config vars in pretty dubious ways."""
    # There has to be a better approach to this.

    # The vars can contain ints but we only work with str ones
    vars = cast(dict[str, str], sysconfig.get_config_vars())
    if sys.platform == "darwin":
        # Disable building 32-bit binaries, since we generate too much code
        # for a 32-bit Mach-O object. There has to be a better way to do this.
        vars["LDSHARED"] = vars["LDSHARED"].replace("-arch i386", "")
        vars["LDFLAGS"] = vars["LDFLAGS"].replace("-arch i386", "")
        vars["CFLAGS"] = vars["CFLAGS"].replace("-arch i386", "")


def fail(message: str) -> NoReturn:
    # TODO: Is there something else we should do to fail?
    sys.exit(message)


def emit_messages(options: Options, messages: list[str], dt: float, serious: bool = False) -> None:
    # ... you know, just in case.
    if options.junit_xml:
        py_version = f"{options.python_version[0]}_{options.python_version[1]}"
        write_junit_xml(
            dt,
            serious,
            {None: messages} if messages else {},
            options.junit_xml,
            py_version,
            options.platform,
        )
    if messages:
        print("\n".join(messages))


def get_mypy_config(
    mypy_options: list[str],
    only_compile_paths: Iterable[str] | None,
    compiler_options: CompilerOptions,
    fscache: FileSystemCache | None,
) -> tuple[list[BuildSource], list[BuildSource], Options]:
    """Construct mypy BuildSources and Options from file and options lists"""
    all_sources, options = process_options(mypy_options, fscache=fscache, mypyc=True)
    if only_compile_paths is not None:
        paths_set = set(only_compile_paths)
        mypyc_sources = [s for s in all_sources if s.path in paths_set]
    else:
        mypyc_sources = all_sources

    if compiler_options.separate:
        mypyc_sources = [src for src in mypyc_sources if src.path]

    if not mypyc_sources:
        return mypyc_sources, all_sources, options

    # Override whatever python_version is inferred from the .ini file,
    # and set the python_version to be the currently used version.
    options.python_version = sys.version_info[:2]

    if options.python_version[0] == 2:
        fail("Python 2 not supported")
    if not options.strict_optional:
        fail("Disabling strict optional checking not supported")
    options.show_traceback = True
    # Needed to get types for all AST nodes
    options.export_types = True
    # We use mypy incremental mode when doing separate/incremental mypyc compilation
    options.incremental = compiler_options.separate
    options.preserve_asts = True

    for source in mypyc_sources:
        options.per_module_options.setdefault(source.module, {})["mypyc"] = True

    return mypyc_sources, all_sources, options


def is_package_source(source: BuildSource) -> bool:
    return source.path is not None and os.path.split(source.path)[1] == "__init__.py"


def generate_c_extension_shim(
    full_module_name: str, module_name: str, dir_name: str, group_name: str
) -> str:
    """Create a C extension shim with a passthrough PyInit function.

    Arguments:
        full_module_name: the dotted full module name
        module_name: the final component of the module name
        dir_name: the directory to place source code
        group_name: the name of the group
    """
    cname = "%s.c" % full_module_name.replace(".", os.sep)
    cpath = os.path.join(dir_name, cname)

    if IS_FREE_THREADED:
        # We use multi-phase init in free-threaded builds to enable free threading.
        shim_name = "module_shim_no_gil_multiphase.tmpl"
    else:
        shim_name = "module_shim.tmpl"

    # We load the C extension shim template from a file.
    # (So that the file could be reused as a bazel template also.)
    with open(os.path.join(include_dir(), shim_name)) as f:
        shim_template = f.read()

    write_file(
        cpath,
        shim_template.format(
            modname=module_name,
            libname=shared_lib_name(group_name),
            full_modname=exported_name(full_module_name),
        ),
    )

    return cpath


def group_name(modules: list[str]) -> str:
    """Produce a probably unique name for a group from a list of module names."""
    if len(modules) == 1:
        return modules[0]

    h = hashlib.sha1()
    h.update(",".join(modules).encode())
    return h.hexdigest()[:20]


def include_dir() -> str:
    """Find the path of the lib-rt dir that needs to be included"""
    return os.path.join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)), "lib-rt")


def generate_c(
    sources: list[BuildSource],
    options: Options,
    groups: emitmodule.Groups,
    fscache: FileSystemCache,
    compiler_options: CompilerOptions,
) -> tuple[list[list[tuple[str, str]]], str, list[SourceDep]]:
    """Drive the actual core compilation step.

    The groups argument describes how modules are assigned to C
    extension modules. See the comments on the Groups type in
    mypyc.emitmodule for details.

    Returns the C source code, (for debugging) the pretty printed IR, and list of SourceDeps.
    """
    t0 = time.time()

    try:
        result = emitmodule.parse_and_typecheck(
            sources, options, compiler_options, groups, fscache
        )
    except CompileError as e:
        emit_messages(options, e.messages, time.time() - t0, serious=(not e.use_stdout))
        sys.exit(1)

    t1 = time.time()
    if result.errors:
        emit_messages(options, result.errors, t1 - t0)
        sys.exit(1)

    if compiler_options.verbose:
        print(f"Parsed and typechecked in {t1 - t0:.3f}s")

    errors = Errors(options)
    modules, ctext, mapper = emitmodule.compile_modules_to_c(
        result, compiler_options=compiler_options, errors=errors, groups=groups
    )
    t2 = time.time()
    emit_messages(options, errors.new_messages(), t2 - t1)
    if errors.num_errors:
        # No need to stop the build if only warnings were emitted.
        sys.exit(1)

    if compiler_options.verbose:
        print(f"Compiled to C in {t2 - t1:.3f}s")

    if options.mypyc_annotation_file:
        generate_annotated_html(options.mypyc_annotation_file, result, modules, mapper)

    # Collect SourceDep dependencies
    source_deps = sorted(emitmodule.collect_source_dependencies(modules), key=lambda d: d.path)

    return ctext, "\n".join(format_modules(modules)), source_deps


def build_using_shared_lib(
    sources: list[BuildSource],
    group_name: str,
    cfiles: list[str],
    deps: list[str],
    build_dir: str,
    extra_compile_args: list[str],
    extra_include_dirs: list[str],
) -> list[Extension]:
    """Produce the list of extension modules when a shared library is needed.

    This creates one shared library extension module that all the
    others import, and one shim extension module for each
    module in the build. Each shim simply calls an initialization function
    in the shared library.

    The shared library (which lib_name is the name of) is a Python
    extension module that exports the real initialization functions in
    Capsules stored in module attributes.
    """
    extensions = [
        get_extension()(
            shared_lib_name(group_name),
            sources=cfiles,
            include_dirs=[include_dir(), build_dir] + extra_include_dirs,
            depends=deps,
            extra_compile_args=extra_compile_args,
        )
    ]

    for source in sources:
        module_name = source.module.split(".")[-1]
        shim_file = generate_c_extension_shim(source.module, module_name, build_dir, group_name)

        # We include the __init__ in the "module name" we stick in the Extension,
        # since this seems to be needed for it to end up in the right place.
        full_module_name = source.module
        assert source.path
        if is_package_source(source):
            full_module_name += ".__init__"
        extensions.append(
            get_extension()(
                full_module_name, sources=[shim_file], extra_compile_args=extra_compile_args
            )
        )

    return extensions


def build_single_module(
    sources: list[BuildSource],
    cfiles: list[str],
    extra_compile_args: list[str],
    extra_include_dirs: list[str],
) -> list[Extension]:
    """Produce the list of extension modules for a standalone extension.

    This contains just one module, since there is no need for a shared module.
    """
    return [
        get_extension()(
            sources[0].module,
            sources=cfiles,
            include_dirs=[include_dir()] + extra_include_dirs,
            extra_compile_args=extra_compile_args,
        )
    ]


def write_file(path: str, contents: str) -> None:
    """Write data into a file.

    If the file already exists and has the same contents we
    want to write, skip writing so as to preserve the mtime
    and avoid triggering recompilation.
    """
    # We encode it ourselves and open the files as binary to avoid windows
    # newline translation
    encoded_contents = contents.encode("utf-8")
    try:
        with open(path, "rb") as f:
            old_contents: bytes | None = f.read()
    except OSError:
        old_contents = None
    if old_contents != encoded_contents:
        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(path), exist_ok=True)
        with open(path, "wb") as g:
            g.write(encoded_contents)

        # Fudge the mtime forward because otherwise when two builds happen close
        # together (like in a test) setuptools might not realize the source is newer
        # than the new artifact.
        # XXX: This is bad though.
        new_mtime = os.stat(path).st_mtime + 1
        os.utime(path, times=(new_mtime, new_mtime))


_MYPYC_EXTENSION_MARKER = "_mypyc_skip_redundant_inplace_copy"
_setuptools_patch_applied = False


def _patch_setuptools_copy_extensions_to_source() -> None:
    """Skip redundant `.so` copies for extensions we generated.

    setuptools' copy_extensions_to_source rewrites every `.so` in the
    source tree on every build_ext, even when nothing changed. On macOS
    this invalidates AMFI's signature cache (~100 ms re-verification per
    `.so` on the next import), eating most of the separate=True
    incremental speedup.

    The patch is global because copy_extensions_to_source runs during
    setup()'s build_ext command, after mypycify() has already returned;
    we can't scope a context manager around it. Instead the skip only
    fires for extensions tagged by mypycify (via the marker attribute),
    so other setuptools users in the same setup.py see the unmodified
    upstream behavior, including stub writes.
    """
    global _setuptools_patch_applied
    if _setuptools_patch_applied:
        return
    _setuptools_patch_applied = True

    from setuptools.command.build_ext import build_ext as _build_ext

    original = _build_ext.copy_extensions_to_source

    def _files_match(a: str, b: str) -> bool:
        try:
            sa = os.stat(a)
            sb = os.stat(b)
        except OSError:
            return False
        # Compare size + whole-second mtime. distutils' copy_file
        # propagates the source mtime, but macOS drops sub-second
        # precision on write so the float values never match verbatim.
        return sa.st_size == sb.st_size and int(sa.st_mtime) == int(sb.st_mtime)

    def patched(self: Any) -> None:
        build_py = self.get_finalized_command("build_py")

        def is_redundant(ext: Any) -> bool:
            if not getattr(ext, _MYPYC_EXTENSION_MARKER, False):
                return False
            inplace_file, regular_file = self._get_inplace_equivalent(build_py, ext)
            return _files_match(regular_file, inplace_file)

        # Hide our already-fresh extensions from setuptools' loop and
        # let it handle whatever's left. Delegating instead of
        # reimplementing the body means future setuptools changes carry
        # over for free. self.extensions is restored before we return
        # so anything that inspects it later sees the original list.
        saved = self.extensions
        self.extensions = [ext for ext in saved if not is_redundant(ext)]
        try:
            original(self)
        finally:
            self.extensions = saved

    _build_ext.copy_extensions_to_source = patched  # type: ignore[method-assign]


def construct_groups(
    sources: list[BuildSource],
    separate: bool | list[tuple[list[str], str | None]],
    use_shared_lib: bool,
    group_name_override: str | None,
) -> emitmodule.Groups:
    """Compute Groups given the input source list and separate configs.

    separate is the user-specified configuration for how to assign
    modules to compilation groups (see mypycify docstring for details).

    This takes that and expands it into our internal representation of
    group configuration, documented in mypyc.emitmodule's definition
    of Group.
    """

    if separate is True:
        groups: emitmodule.Groups = [([source], None) for source in sources]
    elif isinstance(separate, list):
        groups = []
        used_sources = set()
        for files, name in separate:
            normalized_files = {os.path.normpath(f) for f in files}
            group_sources = [
                src
                for src in sources
                if src.path is not None and os.path.normpath(src.path) in normalized_files
            ]
            groups.append((group_sources, name))
            used_sources.update(group_sources)
        unused_sources = [src for src in sources if src not in used_sources]
        if unused_sources:
            groups.extend([([source], None) for source in unused_sources])
    else:
        groups = [(sources, None)]

    # Generate missing names.
    # Sort the modules to make the compilation results consistent regardless of
    # the source file order passed to mypycify.
    for i, (group, name) in enumerate(groups):
        group = sorted(group, key=lambda source: source.module)
        if use_shared_lib and not name:
            if group_name_override is not None:
                name = group_name_override
            else:
                name = group_name([source.module for source in group])
        groups[i] = (group, name)

    groups = sorted(groups, key=lambda g: (g[1] or "", [s.module for s in g[0]]))
    return groups


# Single regex that captures both `#include "foo"` and `#include <foo>`. The
# alternation lets us tell the two forms apart: the quoted-form match populates
# group 1 and the angle-form match populates group 2. The C preprocessor
# applies different search rules to each kind (see `_extract_includes`), so we
# carry the kind through resolution rather than collapsing them up front.
_INCLUDE_RE = re.compile(r'#\s*include\s+(?:"([^"]+)"|<([^>]+)>)')


def _extract_includes(contents: str) -> list[tuple[bool, str]]:
    """Return each `#include` directive's (is_angled, name) from `contents`.

    is_angled=False for `#include "foo"`, True for `#include <foo>`.
    """
    out: list[tuple[bool, str]] = []
    for quoted, angled in _INCLUDE_RE.findall(contents):
        if quoted:
            out.append((False, quoted))
        else:
            out.append((True, angled))
    return out


def get_header_deps(cfiles: list[tuple[str, str]]) -> list[tuple[bool, str]]:
    """Find all the headers directly included by a group of cfiles.

    Returns a sorted, deduplicated list of `(is_angled, header_name)` pairs.
    Callers that only need the names can ignore the bool, but it is needed by
    `resolve_cfile_deps` to apply the correct preprocessor search order.

    We do this by just regexping the source, which is a bit simpler than
    properly plumbing the data through. Transitive header-to-header includes
    are picked up by `resolve_cfile_deps` in `mypyc_build`, which can read
    the on-disk headers after every group has written its files.

    Arguments:
        cfiles: A list of (file name, file contents) pairs. Contents must be
            non-empty; callers handling cached groups must re-read the .c
            from disk before calling, otherwise direct includes are missed
            and Extension.depends ends up empty.
    """
    assert all(
        contents for _, contents in cfiles
    ), "get_header_deps requires non-empty file contents"
    headers: set[tuple[bool, str]] = set()
    for _, contents in cfiles:
        headers.update(_extract_includes(contents))

    return sorted(headers)


def resolve_cfile_deps(
    cfile_dir: str, direct_includes: list[tuple[bool, str]], target_dir: str
) -> set[str]:
    """
    Resolve a .c file's `#include`s to on-disk paths, walking transitively through resolved headers.

    The C preprocessor resolves `#include "foo"` against the includer's directory first, then via
    -I, while `#include <foo>` only uses -I. We mirror that exactly: quoted includes are searched
    in (includer_dir, target_dir) order, and angled includes are searched in target_dir only.
    `target_dir` is the only -I path that holds files we generate; anything we cannot resolve under
    it (or, for quoted form, the includer's dir) is dropped. Other headers like `<Python.h>` and
    `<CPy.h>` live elsewhere and do not change between builds, so they are not real dependencies
    for incremental purposes.

    The walk is transitive: each resolved header is opened and scanned for its own `#include`
    directives. Without this, cross-group export-table headers reached via `__native_internal_<mod>.h`
    (which includes `<other_group/__native_other.h>`) would be missed, and edits that shift struct
    offsets in `other_group` would not trigger a recompile of the consumer's .o file. Its baked-in
    offsets would then resolve to whatever class/function now occupies that slot => runtime corruption.

    Returns a set of resolved paths suitable for use as an Extension.depends list.
    """
    resolved: set[str] = set()

    # Worklist of (search_dir, is_angled, header_name). search_dir is the includer's directory; for the
    # initial cfile it is the cfile's dir, for a transitively-included header it is that header's dir.
    # It is only consulted for quoted-form includes.
    worklist: list[tuple[str, bool, str]] = [
        (cfile_dir, is_angled, dep) for is_angled, dep in direct_includes
    ]

    while worklist:
        search_dir, is_angled, dep = worklist.pop()
        # Quoted form: includer's dir first, then -I (target_dir).
        # Angled form: -I only (skips the includer's dir).
        search_bases = (target_dir,) if is_angled else (search_dir, target_dir)
        for base in search_bases:
            candidate = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(base, dep))
            if not os.path.exists(candidate):
                continue
            if candidate in resolved:
                break
            resolved.add(candidate)
            # Recurse only into headers. Some lib-rt sources are pulled in as `#include "init.c"` etc.;
            # those do not resolve under target_dir so they get filtered out before we would try to scan
            # them, but the .h guard is a cheap belt-and-braces.
            if candidate.endswith(".h"):
                try:
                    with open(candidate, encoding="utf-8") as f:
                        header_contents = f.read()
                except OSError:
                    header_contents = ""
                sub_dir = os.path.dirname(candidate)
                for sub_angled, sub in _extract_includes(header_contents):
                    worklist.append((sub_dir, sub_angled, sub))
            break
    return resolved


def mypyc_build(
    paths: list[str],
    compiler_options: CompilerOptions,
    *,
    separate: bool | list[tuple[list[str], str | None]] = False,
    only_compile_paths: Iterable[str] | None = None,
    skip_cgen_input: (
        tuple[list[list[tuple[str, str]]], list[tuple[str, list[str], bool]]] | None
    ) = None,
    always_use_shared_lib: bool = False,
) -> tuple[emitmodule.Groups, list[tuple[list[str], list[str]]], list[SourceDep]]:
    """Do the front and middle end of mypyc building, producing and writing out C source."""
    fscache = FileSystemCache()
    mypyc_sources, all_sources, options = get_mypy_config(
        paths, only_compile_paths, compiler_options, fscache
    )

    # We generate a shared lib if there are multiple modules or if any
    # of the modules are in package. (Because I didn't want to fuss
    # around with making the single module code handle packages.)
    use_shared_lib = (
        len(mypyc_sources) > 1
        or any("." in x.module for x in mypyc_sources)
        or any(is_package_source(x) for x in mypyc_sources)
        or always_use_shared_lib
    )

    groups = construct_groups(mypyc_sources, separate, use_shared_lib, compiler_options.group_name)

    if compiler_options.group_name is not None:
        assert len(groups) == 1, "If using custom group_name, only one group is expected"

    # We let the test harness just pass in the c file contents instead
    # so that it can do a corner-cutting version without full stubs.
    source_deps: list[SourceDep] = []
    if not skip_cgen_input:
        group_cfiles, ops_text, source_deps = generate_c(
            all_sources, options, groups, fscache, compiler_options=compiler_options
        )
        # TODO: unique names?
        write_file(os.path.join(compiler_options.target_dir, "ops.txt"), ops_text)
    else:
        group_cfiles = skip_cgen_input[0]
        source_deps = [
            SourceDep(path, include_dirs=dirs, internal=internal)
            for (path, dirs, internal) in skip_cgen_input[1]
        ]

    # Write out the generated C and collect the files for each group.
    # Should this be here??
    #
    # Header resolution is deferred to a second pass: a header in one group may include a header
    # generated by another group, so resolving here misses cross-group deps for groups processed first.
    pending: list[list[tuple[str, list[tuple[bool, str]]]]] = []
    for cfiles in group_cfiles:
        per_cfile_deps: list[tuple[str, list[tuple[bool, str]]]] = []
        for cfile, ctext in cfiles:
            cfile = os.path.join(compiler_options.target_dir, cfile)

            # Empty contents marks a file the previous run already wrote
            # (fully-cached group): skip the rewrite and just reuse it.
            if ctext and not options.mypyc_skip_c_generation:
                write_file(cfile, ctext)

            # For fully-cached groups ctext is empty; read the on-disk .c so the dep resolver
            # can walk its transitive header chain and populate Extension.depends. Otherwise,
            # cross-group export-table header changes (e.g. a new class shifting struct offsets)
            # won't trigger a recompile of this cached consumer's .o.
            if not ctext and os.path.exists(cfile):
                try:
                    with open(cfile, encoding="utf-8") as _f:
                        ctext = _f.read()
                except OSError:
                    pass
            per_cfile_deps.append((cfile, get_header_deps([(cfile, ctext)])))
        pending.append(per_cfile_deps)

    # Second pass: assemble each group's .c filenames and resolve transitive deps now that every group's
    # headers are on disk. See resolve_cfile_deps for the rules.
    group_cfilenames: list[tuple[list[str], list[str]]] = []
    for per_cfile in pending:
        cfilenames = [cf for cf, _ in per_cfile if os.path.splitext(cf)[1] == ".c"]
        deps_set: set[str] = set()
        for cfile_full, dep_names in per_cfile:
            deps_set.update(
                resolve_cfile_deps(
                    os.path.dirname(cfile_full), dep_names, compiler_options.target_dir
                )
            )
        group_cfilenames.append((cfilenames, sorted(deps_set)))

    return groups, group_cfilenames, source_deps


def get_cflags(
    *,
    compiler_type: str | None = None,
    opt_level: str = "3",
    debug_level: str = "1",
    multi_file: bool = False,
    experimental_features: bool = False,
    log_trace: bool = False,
) -> list[str]:
    """Get C compiler flags for the given configuration.

    Args:
        compiler_type: Compiler type, e.g. "unix" or "msvc". If None, detected automatically.
        opt_level: Optimization level as string ("0", "1", "2", or "3").
        debug_level: Debug level as string ("0", "1", "2", or "3").
        multi_file: Whether multi-file compilation mode is enabled.
        experimental_features: Whether experimental features are enabled.
        log_trace: Whether trace logging is enabled.

    Returns:
        List of compiler flags.
    """
    if compiler_type is None:
        compiler: Any = ccompiler.new_compiler()
        sysconfig.customize_compiler(compiler)
        compiler_type = compiler.compiler_type

    cflags: list[str] = []
    if compiler_type == "unix":
        cflags += [
            f"-O{opt_level}",
            f"-g{debug_level}",
            "-Werror",
            "-Wno-unused-function",
            "-Wno-unused-label",
            "-Wno-unreachable-code",
            "-Wno-unused-variable",
            "-Wno-unused-command-line-argument",
            "-Wno-unknown-warning-option",
            "-Wno-unused-but-set-variable",
            "-Wno-ignored-optimization-argument",
            # GCC at -O3 false-positives on struct hack (items[1]) in vec buffers
            "-Wno-array-bounds",
            "-Wno-stringop-overread",
            "-Wno-stringop-overflow",
            # Disables C Preprocessor (cpp) warnings
            # See https://github.com/mypyc/mypyc/issues/956
            "-Wno-cpp",
            "-Wno-array-bounds",
            "-Wno-stringop-overread",
            "-Wno-stringop-overflow",
        ]
        if log_trace:
            cflags.append("-DMYPYC_LOG_TRACE")
        if experimental_features:
            cflags.append("-DMYPYC_EXPERIMENTAL")
        if opt_level == "0":
            cflags.append("-UNDEBUG")
    elif compiler_type == "msvc":
        # msvc doesn't have levels, '/O2' is full and '/Od' is disable
        if opt_level == "0":
            opt_level = "d"
            cflags.append("/UNDEBUG")
        elif opt_level in ("1", "2", "3"):
            opt_level = "2"
        if debug_level == "0":
            debug_level = "NONE"
        elif debug_level == "1":
            debug_level = "FASTLINK"
        elif debug_level in ("2", "3"):
            debug_level = "FULL"
        cflags += [
            f"/O{opt_level}",
            f"/DEBUG:{debug_level}",
            "/wd4102",  # unreferenced label
            "/wd4101",  # unreferenced local variable
            "/wd4146",  # negating unsigned int
        ]
        if multi_file:
            # Disable whole program optimization in multi-file mode so
            # that we actually get the compilation speed and memory
            # use wins that multi-file mode is intended for.
            cflags += ["/GL-", "/wd9025"]  # warning about overriding /GL
        if log_trace:
            cflags.append("/DMYPYC_LOG_TRACE")
        if experimental_features:
            cflags.append("/DMYPYC_EXPERIMENTAL")
    return cflags


def mypycify(
    paths: list[str],
    *,
    only_compile_paths: Iterable[str] | None = None,
    verbose: bool = False,
    opt_level: str = "3",
    debug_level: str = "1",
    strip_asserts: bool = False,
    multi_file: bool = False,
    separate: bool | list[tuple[list[str], str | None]] = False,
    skip_cgen_input: (
        tuple[list[list[tuple[str, str]]], list[tuple[str, list[str], bool]]] | None
    ) = None,
    target_dir: str | None = None,
    include_runtime_files: bool | None = None,
    strict_dunder_typing: bool = False,
    group_name: str | None = None,
    log_trace: bool = False,
    depends_on_librt_internal: bool = False,
    install_librt: bool = False,
    experimental_features: bool = False,
) -> list[Extension]:
    """Main entry point to building using mypyc.

    This produces a list of Extension objects that should be passed as the
    ext_modules parameter to setup.

    Arguments:
        paths: A list of file paths to build. It may also contain mypy options.
        only_compile_paths: If not None, an iterable of paths that are to be
                            the only modules compiled, even if other modules
                            appear in the mypy command line given to paths.
                            (These modules must still be passed to paths.)

        verbose: Should mypyc be more verbose. Defaults to false.

        opt_level: The optimization level, as a string. Defaults to '3' (meaning '-O3').
        debug_level: The debug level, as a string. Defaults to '1' (meaning '-g1').
        strip_asserts: Should asserts be stripped from the generated code.

        multi_file: Should each Python module be compiled into its own C source file.
                    This can reduce compile time and memory requirements at the likely
                    cost of runtime performance of compiled code. Defaults to false.
        separate: Should compiled modules be placed in separate extension modules.
                  If False, all modules are placed in a single shared library.
                  If True, every module is placed in its own library.
                  Otherwise, separate should be a list of
                  (file name list, optional shared library name) pairs specifying
                  groups of files that should be placed in the same shared library
                  (while all other modules will be placed in its own library).

                  Each group can be compiled independently, which can
                  speed up compilation, but calls between groups can
                  be slower than calls within a group and can't be
                  inlined.
        target_dir: The directory to write C output files. Defaults to 'build'.
        include_runtime_files: If not None, whether the mypyc runtime library
                               should be directly #include'd instead of linked
                               separately in order to reduce compiler invocations.
                               Defaults to False in multi_file mode, True otherwise.
        strict_dunder_typing: If True, force dunder methods to have the return type
                              of the method strictly, which can lead to more
                              optimization opportunities. Defaults to False.
        group_name: If set, override the default group name derived from
                    the hash of module names. This is used for the names of the
                    output C files and the shared library. This is only supported
                    if there is a single group. [Experimental]
        log_trace: If True, compiled code writes a trace log of events in
                   mypyc_trace.txt (derived from executed operations). This is
                   useful for performance analysis, such as analyzing which
                   primitive ops are used the most and on which lines.
        depends_on_librt_internal: This is True only for mypy itself.
        install_librt: If True, also build the librt extension modules. Normally,
                       those are build and published on PyPI separately, but during
                       tests, we want to use their development versions (i.e. from
                       current commit).
        experimental_features: Enable experimental features (install_librt=True is
                               also needed if using experimental librt features). These
                               have no backward compatibility guarantees!
    """

    # Skip redundant inplace .so copies on every build_ext invocation.
    _patch_setuptools_copy_extensions_to_source()

    # Figure out our configuration
    compiler_options = CompilerOptions(
        strip_asserts=strip_asserts,
        multi_file=multi_file,
        verbose=verbose,
        separate=separate is not False,
        target_dir=target_dir,
        include_runtime_files=include_runtime_files,
        strict_dunder_typing=strict_dunder_typing,
        group_name=group_name,
        log_trace=log_trace,
        depends_on_librt_internal=depends_on_librt_internal,
        experimental_features=experimental_features,
    )

    # Generate all the actual important C code
    groups, group_cfilenames, source_deps = mypyc_build(
        paths,
        only_compile_paths=only_compile_paths,
        compiler_options=compiler_options,
        separate=separate,
        skip_cgen_input=skip_cgen_input,
    )

    # Mess around with setuptools and actually get the thing built
    setup_mypycify_vars()

    # Create a compiler object so we can make decisions based on what
    # compiler is being used. typeshed is missing some attributes on the
    # compiler object so we give it type Any
    compiler: Any = ccompiler.new_compiler()
    sysconfig.customize_compiler(compiler)

    build_dir = compiler_options.target_dir

    cflags = get_cflags(
        compiler_type=compiler.compiler_type,
        opt_level=opt_level,
        debug_level=debug_level,
        multi_file=multi_file,
        experimental_features=experimental_features,
        log_trace=log_trace,
    )

    # If configured to (defaults to yes in multi-file mode), copy the
    # runtime library in. Otherwise it just gets #included to save on
    # compiler invocations.
    shared_cfilenames = []
    include_dirs = set()
    if not compiler_options.include_runtime_files:
        # Collect all files to copy: runtime files + conditional source files
        files_to_copy = list(RUNTIME_C_FILES)
        for source_dep in source_deps:
            files_to_copy.append(source_dep.path)
            files_to_copy.append(source_dep.get_header())
            include_dirs.update(source_dep.include_dirs)

        if compiler_options.depends_on_librt_internal:
            files_to_copy.append("internal/librt_internal_api.h")
            files_to_copy.append("internal/librt_internal_api.c")
            include_dirs.add("internal")

        # Copy all files
        for name in files_to_copy:
            rt_file = os.path.join(build_dir, name)
            with open(os.path.join(include_dir(), name), encoding="utf-8") as f:
                write_file(rt_file, f.read())
            if name.endswith(".c"):
                shared_cfilenames.append(rt_file)

    extensions = []
    extra_include_dirs = [os.path.join(include_dir(), dir) for dir in include_dirs]
    for (group_sources, lib_name), (cfilenames, deps) in zip(groups, group_cfilenames):
        if lib_name:
            extensions.extend(
                build_using_shared_lib(
                    group_sources,
                    lib_name,
                    cfilenames + shared_cfilenames,
                    deps,
                    build_dir,
                    cflags,
                    extra_include_dirs,
                )
            )
        else:
            extensions.extend(
                build_single_module(
                    group_sources, cfilenames + shared_cfilenames, cflags, extra_include_dirs
                )
            )

    if install_librt:
        for name in RUNTIME_C_FILES:
            rt_file = os.path.join(build_dir, name)
            with open(os.path.join(include_dir(), name), encoding="utf-8") as f:
                write_file(rt_file, f.read())
        for mod, file_names, addit_files, includes in LIBRT_MODULES:
            for file_name in file_names + addit_files:
                rt_file = os.path.join(build_dir, file_name)
                with open(os.path.join(include_dir(), file_name), encoding="utf-8") as f:
                    write_file(rt_file, f.read())
            extensions.append(
                get_extension()(
                    mod,
                    sources=[
                        os.path.join(build_dir, file) for file in file_names + RUNTIME_C_FILES
                    ],
                    include_dirs=[include_dir()]
                    + [os.path.join(include_dir(), d) for d in includes],
                    extra_compile_args=cflags,
                )
            )

    # Tag every extension we own so the build_ext patch knows it's
    # safe to skip the redundant inplace copy for these specifically.
    for ext in extensions:
        setattr(ext, _MYPYC_EXTENSION_MARKER, True)

    return extensions