Modernize `serial/tools/list_ports_common.py`

This introduces the following changes:

* Add type annotations to `serial/tools/list_ports_common.py`.

  The code was run through mypy in strict mode and passed,
  but the annotations are not yet guaranteed and enforced
  until more code is type-annotated
  and mypy is added to the test suite.

* Run `serial/tools/list_ports_common.py` through multiple linters:
  pyupgrade, isort, black, ruff, and flake8.

  With the exception of double quotation marks,
  all linters are satisfied with the file now.

* Remove `if __name__ == '__main__'` code,
  which did not perform anything functionally useful.

* Remove `ListPortInfo.apply_usb_info()`,
  which is not consistently used by platform-specific port-lister code
  and does not represent significant functionality.