ci: Revert "add clang-tidy to Debian x86_64 base image"

Revert commit 0ac9ec47f6 (ci: add clang-tidy to Debian x86_64 base
image, 2022-09-20).  Our clang-tidy job runs under Fedora, and we need
the plugin to compile there anyway, so lints like IWYU will best be done
in the Fedora image.

Issue: #23912