gitlab-ci: Add job to build Windows arm64 binaries

Base it on the approach from commit 4c7c66dcf5 (gitlab-ci: Add jobs to
make Windows x86_64 and i386 packages, 2022-05-19).  Leave out the
packaging and upload steps for now because they are only for the nightly
binaries, and will need a new release of CPack to pass the `arm64`
architecture to WiX.

Issue: #21902
6 files changed