ci: use the latest clang-scan-deps options

P1689 support has been merged in Clang trunk and Clang 16 branch, so we
are now able to use the finalized clang-scan-deps command line options.

See also llvm-project's clang/test/ClangScanDeps/P1689.cppm [1] for the
samples of clang-scan-deps usages.

[1] https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/6d859df46e/clang/test/ClangScanDeps/P1689.cppm

Signed-off-by: Kefu Chai <kefu.chai@scylladb.com>