Merge topic 'ci-debian-12'

241ee252ce IWYU: Update for Debian 12 CI job
09db788636 ci: use Debian 12 images and environments
9526679bbc ci: Update base images to Debian 12

Acked-by: Kitware Robot <kwrobot@kitware.com>
Acked-by: buildbot <buildbot@kitware.com>
Merge-request: !8669