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// Copyright 2016 The Android Open Source Project
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
#pragma once
#include "aemu/base/TypeTraits.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <initializer_list>
#include <memory>
#include <type_traits>
#include <utility>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
//
// SmallVector<T>, SmallFixedVector<T, SmallSize>
//
// This header defines a replacement for a std::vector<> that uses small buffer
// optimization technique - for some preset number of elements |SmallSize| it
// stores them inside of the object, and falls back to the dynamically allocated
// array only if one needs to add more elements.
// This is useful for the performance-critical places where common number of
// processed items is small, but it may still be quite large for a stack array.
//
// SmallFixedVector<> is the class you use to store elements, while
// SmallVector<> is its base class that erases the small size from the type.
//
// NOTE: SmallVector<> cannot guarantee std::vector<>'s iterator invalidation
// rules for move() and swap() operations - std::vector<>s just exchange
// their iterators on swap() and pass the moved ones over, while SmallVector<>
// may leave the iterators pointing to nowhere if they were for the in-place
// array storage.
//
// Currenly only a limited subset of std::vector<>'s operations is implemented,
// but fill free to add the ones you need.
//
namespace android {
namespace base {
//
// Forward-declare the 'real' small vector class.
template <class T, size_t S>
class SmallFixedVector;
//
// SmallVector<T> - an interface for a small-buffer-optimized vector.
// It hides the fixed size from its type, so one can use it to pass small
// vectors around and not leak the buffer size to all callers:
//
// void process(SmallVector<Foo>& data);
// ...
// ...
// SmallFixedVector<Foo, 100> aLittleBitOfFoos = ...;
// process(aLittleBitOfFoos);
// ...
// SmallFixedVector<Foo, 1000> moreFoos = ...;
// process(moreFoos);
//
template <class T>
class SmallVector {
// Make them friends so SmallFixedVector is able to refer to SmallVector's
// protected members in static_assert()s.
template <class U, size_t S>
friend class SmallFixedVector;
public:
// Common set of type aliases.
using value_type = T;
using iterator = T*;
using const_iterator = const T*;
using pointer = T*;
using const_pointer = const T*;
using reference = T&;
using const_reference = const T&;
using size_type = size_t;
// It's ok to delete SmallVector<> through the base class - dtor() actually
// takes care of all living elements and the allocated memory.
~SmallVector() { dtor(); }
// std::vector<> interface operations.
iterator begin() { return mBegin; }
const_iterator begin() const { return mBegin; }
const_iterator cbegin() const { return mBegin; }
iterator end() { return mEnd; }
const_iterator end() const { return mEnd; }
const_iterator cend() const { return mEnd; }
size_type size() const { return end() - begin(); }
size_type capacity() const { return mCapacity; }
bool empty() const { return begin() == end(); }
reference front() { return *begin(); }
const_reference front() const { return *cbegin(); }
reference back() { return *(end() - 1); }
const_reference back() const { return *(cend() - 1); }
reference operator[](size_t i) { return *(begin() + i); }
const_reference operator[](size_t i) const { return *(cbegin() + i); }
pointer data() { return mBegin; }
const_pointer data() const { return mBegin; }
const_pointer cdata() const { return mBegin; }
template <class... Args>
void emplace_back(Args&&... args) {
grow_for_size(size() + 1);
new (mEnd) T(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
++mEnd;
}
void push_back(const T& t) { emplace_back(t); }
void push_back(T&& t) { emplace_back(std::move(t)); }
void pop_back() {
destruct(mEnd - 1, mEnd);
--mEnd;
}
void clear() {
destruct(begin(), end());
mEnd = mBegin;
}
void reserve(size_type newCap) {
if (newCap <= this->capacity()) {
return;
}
set_capacity(newCap);
}
void resize(size_type newSize) { resize_impl<true>(newSize); }
// This version of resizing doesn't initialize the newly allocated elements
// Useful for the cases when value-initialization is noticeably slow and
// one wants to directly construct or memcpy the elements into the resized
// place.
void resize_noinit(size_type newSize) { resize_impl<false>(newSize); }
// Returns if the current vector's buffer is dynamically allocated.
bool isAllocated() const { return this->cbegin() != smallBufferStart(); }
protected:
// Hide the default constructor so only SmallFixedVector can be
// instantiated.
SmallVector() = default;
// Destroy all elements in the vector and free the array if it was allocated
// dynamically.
void dtor() {
this->destruct(this->begin(), this->end());
if (isAllocated()) {
free(this->mBegin);
}
}
// Just a convenience setter function to init all members at once.
void init(iterator begin, iterator end, size_type capacity) {
this->mBegin = begin;
this->mEnd = end;
this->mCapacity = capacity;
}
// An implementation of different resizing versions.
template <bool init>
void resize_impl(size_type newSize) {
if (newSize < this->size()) {
const auto newEnd = this->begin() + newSize;
this->destruct(newEnd, this->end());
this->mEnd = newEnd;
} else if (newSize > this->size()) {
grow_for_size(newSize);
const auto newEnd = this->begin() + newSize;
if (init) {
std::uninitialized_fill(this->end(), newEnd, T());
}
this->mEnd = newEnd;
}
}
// Templated append operation for a range of elements.
template <class Iter>
void insert_back(Iter b, Iter e) {
if (b == e) {
return;
}
const auto newSize = this->size() + (e - b);
grow_for_size(newSize);
this->mEnd = std::uninitialized_copy(b, e, this->mEnd);
}
// Multiplicative grow for the internal array so it can hold |newSize|
// elements.
// Doesn't change size(), only capacity().
void grow_for_size(size_type newSize) {
// Grow by 1.5x by default.
if (newSize > capacity()) {
set_capacity(std::max(newSize, capacity() + capacity() / 2));
}
}
// Sets the capacity() to be exacly |newCap|. Allocates the array
// dynamically, moves all elements over and (potentially) deallocates the
// old array.
// Doesn't change size(), only capacity().
void set_capacity(size_type newCap) {
// Here we can only be switching to the dynamic vector, as static one
// always has its capacity on the maximum.
const auto newBegin = (T*)malloc(sizeof(T) * newCap);
if (!newBegin) {
abort(); // what else can we do here?
}
const auto newEnd = std::uninitialized_copy(
std::make_move_iterator(this->begin()),
std::make_move_iterator(this->end()), newBegin);
dtor();
this->mBegin = newBegin;
this->mEnd = newEnd;
this->mCapacity = newCap;
}
// A convenience function to call destructor for a range of elements.
static void destruct(T* b, T* e) {
if (!std::is_trivially_destructible<T>::value) {
for (; b != e; ++b) {
b->~T();
}
}
}
// By design of the class, SmallFixedVector<> will be inheriting from
// SmallVector<>, so its in-place storage array is going to be the very next
// member after the last one here.
// This function returns that address, and SmallFixedVector<> has a static
// assert to make sure it remains correct.
constexpr const void* smallBufferStart() const {
return (const void*)(&mCapacity + 1);
}
// Standard set of members for a vector - begin, end and capacity.
// These point to the currently used chunk of memory, no matter if it's a
// heap-allocated one or an in-place array.
iterator mBegin;
iterator mEnd;
size_type mCapacity;
};
// The implementation of a SmallVector with a fixed in-place size, |SmallSize|.
template <class T, size_t SmallSize>
class SmallFixedVector : public SmallVector<T> {
using base = SmallVector<T>;
public:
// Grab these from the base class.
using value_type = typename base::value_type;
using iterator = typename base::iterator;
using const_iterator = typename base::const_iterator;
using pointer = typename base::pointer;
using const_pointer = typename base::const_pointer;
using reference = typename base::reference;
using const_reference = typename base::const_reference;
using size_type = typename base::size_type;
static constexpr size_type kSmallSize = SmallSize;
// Default constructor - set up an empty vector with capacity at full
// internal array size.
SmallFixedVector() {
// Make sure that the small array starts exactly where base class
// expects it: right after the |mCapacity|.
// We can't use a static_assert with offsetof() because in msvc, it uses
// reinterpret_cast.
// TODO: Add runtime assertion instead?
// https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/content/problem/22196/static-assert-cannot-compile-constexprs-method-tha.html
#ifndef _MSC_VER
static_assert(offsetof(base, mCapacity) + sizeof(base::mCapacity) ==
offsetof(SmallFixedVector, mData) &&
offsetof(Data, array) == 0,
"SmallFixedVector<> class layout is wrong, "
"|mData| needs to follow |mCapacity|");
#endif
init_inplace();
}
// Ctor from a range of iterators
template <class Iter>
SmallFixedVector(Iter b, Iter e) : SmallFixedVector() {
this->insert_back(b, e);
}
// Ctor from a range - anything that has begin and end.
// Note: template constructor is never a copy/move-ctor.
template <class Range,
class = enable_if_c<!std::is_same<Range, T>::value &&
is_range<Range>::value>>
explicit SmallFixedVector(const Range& r)
: SmallFixedVector(std::begin(r), std::end(r)) {}
template <class Range,
class = enable_if_c<!std::is_same<Range, T>::value &&
is_range<Range>::value>>
explicit SmallFixedVector(Range&& r)
: SmallFixedVector(std::make_move_iterator(std::begin(r)),
std::make_move_iterator(std::end(r))) {}
template <class U, class = enable_if_convertible<U, T>>
SmallFixedVector(std::initializer_list<U> list)
: SmallFixedVector(std::begin(list), std::end(list)) {}
SmallFixedVector(const SmallFixedVector& other)
: SmallFixedVector(other.begin(), other.end()) {}
SmallFixedVector(SmallFixedVector&& other) {
if (other.isAllocated()) {
// Just steal the allocated memory from the |other|.
this->mBegin = other.mBegin;
this->mEnd = other.mEnd;
this->mCapacity = other.mCapacity;
other.init_inplace();
} else {
// Have to move individual elements.
this->mBegin = mData.array;
this->mEnd = std::uninitialized_copy(
std::make_move_iterator(other.begin()),
std::make_move_iterator(other.end()), this->begin());
this->mCapacity = kSmallSize;
}
}
SmallFixedVector& operator=(const SmallFixedVector& other) {
if (&other != this) {
this->clear();
this->insert_back(other.begin(), other.end());
}
return *this;
}
SmallFixedVector& operator=(SmallFixedVector&& other) {
if (other.isAllocated()) {
// Steal it and we're done.
this->dtor();
this->mBegin = other.mBegin;
this->mEnd = other.mEnd;
this->mCapacity = other.mCapacity;
other.init_inplace();
return *this;
}
if (this->isAllocated() && this->mCapacity < other.size()) {
// Not enough dynamic memory, switch to in-place.
this->dtor();
init_inplace();
} else {
// This could potentially be improved by move-assigning
// only needed items and destroying the rest, but
// destroy-all+construct-all is just simpler. For PODs it actually
// is even faster as it's always a single memcpy().
this->destruct(this->begin(), this->end());
}
// Move the whole |other| into the pre-cleaned memory
const auto newEnd = std::uninitialized_copy(
std::make_move_iterator(other.begin()),
std::make_move_iterator(other.end()), this->mBegin);
this->mEnd = newEnd;
// |other| is valid as-is.
return *this;
}
// Make sure we don't end up trying to move from an interface - it's just
// inefficient with the current code.
SmallFixedVector(base&& other) = delete;
SmallFixedVector& operator=(base&& other) = delete;
private:
// A shortcut for initialization for in-place storage.
void init_inplace() { this->init(mData.array, mData.array, kSmallSize); }
// A union with empty constructor and destructor makes sure that the array
// elements are not default-constructed in ctor and not destructed in dtor:
// the class needs to be able manage their lifetime more precisely.
union Data {
alignas(size_type) T array[kSmallSize];
Data() {}
~Data() {}
} mData;
};
} // namespace base
} // namespace android