[roll] Roll fuchsia [build] Add linker_config() template, clean up configs using it

This adds a thin template to ease defining configs that need to
plumb linker switches via the compiler drivers.  It takes the
error-prone duplication out of plumbing the same thing for both
C++ and Rust-based links.  Various common configs are updated to
use it where the same thing is being used for both.  Some cases
of direct rustflags `-Clink-arg=` or ldflags `-Wl,` plumbing
remain where the intended flags don't match for both drivers.  A
few other places that lacked rustflags plumbing to match ldflags
for equivalent issues that have driver switches are updated too.

This triggered a newly-seen failure mode in RBE linking, which is
worked around using `--remote-inputs=...` switches for now.

Original-Bug: 507570739, 509665308
Original-Reviewed-on: https://fuchsia-review.googlesource.com/c/fuchsia/+/1594008
Original-Revision: 33f37f2241f7f12c0cddee73b9af014b643be368
GitOrigin-RevId: 8a0206047ea4895fc0c0c54d8ceee3e2e5c83a66
Change-Id: Iacfaac4e4e7dde5a5854be34b82d8da2dd018e82