[roll] Roll fuchsia [roll] Roll llvm-project/libc [libc][math] Implement fast path for double precision hypot function. (#204292)

Compute `hypot(x, y) = sqrt(x^2 + y^2)` in double-double with relative
errors < 2^-102.
Using the approximation:
```
  a = maximum_mag(x, y);
  b = minimum_mag(x, y);
  (hi, lo) ~ a^2 + b^2;
  r_hi = sqrt(hi);
  r_lo = (a + b - r_hi^2) * (0.5 / r_hi)
  ------
  r_hi + r_lo ~ sqrt(x^2 + y^2).
```

Performance benchmark with CORE-MATH:

Before the patch:
```
$ ./perf.sh hypot --llvm
GNU libc version: 2.42
GNU libc release: stable
-- CORE-MATH reciprocal throughput --
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 23.183 + 0.311 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.319 clc/call; Max = 23.620 clc/call;
-- System LIBC reciprocal throughput --
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 14.218 + 0.299 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.193 clc/call; Max = 15.240 clc/call;
-- LIBC reciprocal throughput --
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 204.764 + 0.593 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.576 clc/call; Max = 206.057 clc/call;
```
After the patch without FMA:
```
-- LIBC reciprocal throughput --
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 26.920 + 0.063 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.048 clc/call; Max = 27.139 clc/call;
```
After the patch with FMA:
```
-- LIBC reciprocal throughput --
[####################] 100 %
Ntrial = 20 ; Min = 15.180 + 0.189 clc/call; Median-Min = 0.178 clc/call; Max = 15.461 clc/call;
```
GitOrigin-RevId: 500fc937b0f9f9dad99d0e9bfc46cf3b8706a0cf
Original-Original-Revision: 64575960f928f6a79ad420f872a125cf3805d8a3

Original-Original-Reviewed-on: https://fuchsia-review.googlesource.com/c/fuchsia/+/1662481
Original-Original-Revision: bf5c5e38b411bd6e3ef34ee0effadc1a9dbcd105
GitOrigin-RevId: 47b9f3951c3f94662e8de98982e8f5a09973c871
Change-Id: Id4061fe7d01656ea3d9fad7ff71aee0a2d929975
Reviewed-on: https://fuchsia-review.googlesource.com/c/integration/+/1664300
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/main@{#195078}