// Copyright 2018 The Fuchsia Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include <lib/fidl/coding.h>

#include <cstdint>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <limits>
#include <stdalign.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <lib/fidl/envelope_frames.h>
#include <lib/fidl/internal.h>
#include <lib/fidl/visitor.h>
#include <lib/fidl/walker.h>
#include <zircon/assert.h>
#include <zircon/compiler.h>

namespace {

struct Position;

struct StartingPoint {
    // The starting object of linearization
    void* const source;
    // The starting address of a contiguous destination buffer
    uint8_t* const destination;
    Position ToPosition() const;
};

struct Position {
    // |object| points to one of the objects from the source pile
    void* object;
    // |offset| is an offset into the destination buffer
    uint32_t offset;
    Position operator+(uint32_t size) const {
        return Position{
            .object = reinterpret_cast<void*>(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(object) + size),
            .offset = offset + size};
    }
    Position& operator+=(uint32_t size) {
        *this = *this + size;
        return *this;
    }
    // By default, return the pointer in the destination buffer
    template <typename T>
    constexpr T* Get(StartingPoint start) const {
        return reinterpret_cast<T*>(start.destination + offset);
    }
    // Additional method to get a pointer to one of the source objects
    template <typename T>
    constexpr T* GetFromSource() const {
        return reinterpret_cast<T*>(object);
    }
};

Position StartingPoint::ToPosition() const {
    return Position{
        .object = source,
        .offset = 0};
}

using EnvelopeState = ::fidl::EnvelopeFrames::EnvelopeState;

class FidlLinearizer final : public fidl::Visitor<
                                 fidl::MutatingVisitorTrait, StartingPoint, Position> {
public:
    FidlLinearizer(void* bytes, uint32_t num_bytes, uint32_t next_out_of_line,
                   const char** out_error_msg)
        : bytes_(static_cast<uint8_t*>(bytes)), num_bytes_(num_bytes),
          next_out_of_line_(next_out_of_line), out_error_msg_(out_error_msg) {}

    using StartingPoint = StartingPoint;

    using Position = Position;

    // Does not make sense to keep going after any error, since the resulting buffer
    // would not be usable anyways.
    static constexpr bool kContinueAfterConstraintViolation = false;

    Status VisitPointer(Position ptr_position,
                        ObjectPointerPointer object_ptr_ptr,
                        uint32_t inline_size,
                        Position* out_position) {
        uint32_t new_offset;
        if (!fidl::AddOutOfLine(next_out_of_line_, inline_size, &new_offset)) {
            SetError("out-of-line offset overflow trying to linearize");
            return Status::kMemoryError;
        }

        if (new_offset > num_bytes_) {
            SetError("object is too big to linearize into provided buffer",
                     ZX_ERR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL);
            return Status::kConstraintViolationError;
        }

        // Copy the pointee to the desired location in secondary storage
        memcpy(&bytes_[next_out_of_line_], *object_ptr_ptr, inline_size);

        // Instruct the walker to traverse the pointee afterwards.
        *out_position = Position{
            .object = *object_ptr_ptr,
            .offset = next_out_of_line_};

        // Update the pointer within message buffer to point to the copy
        *object_ptr_ptr = &bytes_[next_out_of_line_];
        next_out_of_line_ = new_offset;
        return Status::kSuccess;
    }

    Status VisitHandle(Position handle_position, HandlePointer handle_ptr) {
        // Remember the address of the handle in the original objects,
        // such that after the entire tree is cloned into the contiguous buffer,
        // we can clear out the handles in the original tree in one fell swoop.
        if (handle_idx_ == ZX_CHANNEL_MAX_MSG_HANDLES) {
            SetError("too many handles when linearizing");
            return Status::kConstraintViolationError;
        }
        original_handles_[handle_idx_] = handle_position.GetFromSource<zx_handle_t>();
        handle_idx_ += 1;
        return Status::kSuccess;
    }

    Status VisitInternalPadding(Position padding_position, uint32_t padding_length) {
        return Status::kSuccess;
    }

    Status EnterEnvelope(Position envelope_position,
                         EnvelopePointer envelope,
                         const fidl_type_t* payload_type) {
        if (envelope->data != nullptr && payload_type == nullptr) {
            SetError("Cannot linearize envelope without a coding table");
            return Status::kConstraintViolationError;
        }
        // Remember the current watermark of bytes and handles, so that after processing
        // the envelope, we can validate that the claimed num_bytes/num_handles matches the reality.
        if (!envelope_frames_.Push(EnvelopeState(next_out_of_line_, handle_idx_))) {
            SetError("Overly deep nested envelopes");
            return Status::kConstraintViolationError;
        }
        return Status::kSuccess;
    }

    Status LeaveEnvelope(Position envelope_position, EnvelopePointer envelope) {
        // Now that the envelope has been consumed, go back and update the envelope header with
        // the correct num_bytes and num_handles values
        auto& starting_state = envelope_frames_.Pop();
        uint32_t num_bytes = next_out_of_line_ - starting_state.bytes_so_far;
        uint32_t num_handles = handle_idx_ - starting_state.handles_so_far;
        envelope->num_bytes = num_bytes;
        envelope->num_handles = num_handles;
        return Status::kSuccess;
    }

    void OnError(const char* error) {
        SetError(error);
    }

    template <typename Callback>
    void ForEachHandle(Callback cb) {
        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < handle_idx_; i++) {
            cb(original_handles_[i]);
        }
    }

    zx_status_t status() const { return status_; }

    uint32_t next_out_of_line() const { return next_out_of_line_; }

private:
    void SetError(const char* error, zx_status_t code = ZX_ERR_INVALID_ARGS) {
        if (status_ == ZX_OK) {
            status_ = code;
            if (out_error_msg_ != nullptr) {
                *out_error_msg_ = error;
            }
        }
    }

    // Message state passed into the constructor.
    uint8_t* const bytes_;
    const uint32_t num_bytes_;
    uint32_t next_out_of_line_;
    const char** const out_error_msg_;

    // Linearizer state
    zx_status_t status_ = ZX_OK;
    uint32_t handle_idx_ = 0;
    zx_handle_t* original_handles_[ZX_CHANNEL_MAX_MSG_HANDLES];
    fidl::EnvelopeFrames envelope_frames_;
};

} // namespace

zx_status_t fidl_linearize(const fidl_type_t* type, void* value, uint8_t* buffer,
                           uint32_t num_bytes, uint32_t* out_num_bytes,
                           const char** out_error_msg) {
    auto set_error = [&out_error_msg](const char* msg) {
        if (out_error_msg)
            *out_error_msg = msg;
    };
    if (value == nullptr) {
        set_error("Cannot linearize with null starting object");
        return ZX_ERR_INVALID_ARGS;
    }
    if (buffer == nullptr) {
        set_error("Cannot linearize with null destination buffer");
        return ZX_ERR_INVALID_ARGS;
    }
    if (!fidl::IsAligned(buffer)) {
        set_error("Destination buffer must be aligned to FIDL_ALIGNMENT");
        return ZX_ERR_INVALID_ARGS;
    }

    size_t primary_size;
    zx_status_t status;
    if ((status = fidl::PrimaryObjectSize(type, &primary_size, out_error_msg)) != ZX_OK) {
        return status;
    }
    if (primary_size > num_bytes) {
        set_error("Buffer is too small for first inline object");
        return ZX_ERR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
    }
    uint64_t next_out_of_line = fidl::FidlAlign(static_cast<uint32_t>(primary_size));
    if (next_out_of_line > std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
        set_error("Out of line starting offset overflows");
        return ZX_ERR_INVALID_ARGS;
    }

    // Copy the primary object
    memcpy(buffer, value, primary_size);

    // Zero the padding gaps
    memset(buffer + primary_size, 0, next_out_of_line - primary_size);

    FidlLinearizer linearizer(buffer, num_bytes, static_cast<uint32_t>(next_out_of_line),
                              out_error_msg);
    fidl::Walk(linearizer,
               type,
               StartingPoint{
                   .source = value,
                   .destination = buffer,
               });

    if (linearizer.status() != ZX_OK) {
        return linearizer.status();
    }

    // Clear out handles in the original objects
    linearizer.ForEachHandle([](zx_handle_t* handle_ptr) {
        *handle_ptr = ZX_HANDLE_INVALID;
    });

    // Return the message size, which is the starting offset of the next out-of-line object
    if (out_num_bytes) {
        *out_num_bytes = linearizer.next_out_of_line();
    }

    return ZX_OK;
}